Ethical Objections to Fairtrade

Journal of Business Ethics

Volumn 105, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 357-373

  Griffiths, Peter ^a  

^a NONE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Agricultural and food marketing; Ethical trading; Fair trade; Fairtrade; Third world marketing

Indexed keywords

EID: 84855891748     PISSN: 01674544     EISSN: 15730697     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10551-011-0972-0     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. ADB. (2010). Asian Development Bank and Vietnam: Fact Sheet.Retrieved June 14, 2010, from http://www.adb.org/Documents/Fact_Sheets/VIE.pdf.
2. Aranda, J., & Morales, C. (2002) Poverty alleviation through participation in Fair Trade Coffee: The case of CEPCO,Oaxaca, Mexico. Retrieved from http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Sociology/FairTradeResearchGroup.
3. Audebrand, L., & Pauchant, T. (2009). Can the fair trade movement enrich traditional business ethics? an historical study of itsfounders in Mexico. Journal of Business Ethics, 87, 343-353.
4. Bahra, P. (2009a, January 2). Fairtrade is struggling to change practices on tea estates and tackle abuses The Times.
5. Bahra, P. (2009b, January 7). Tea workers still waiting to reap Fairtrade benefits. The Times.
6. Bassett, T. (2009). Slim pickings: Fairtrade cotton in West Africa.Geoforum, 41(1), 44-55.
7. Berndt, C. E. (2007) Is fair trade in coffee production fair and useful?Evidence from Costa Rica and Guatemala and implications forpolicy (Mercatus 65 Policy Series, Policy Comment 11).Washington DC: Mercatus Centre, George Mason University.
8. Boersma, F. V. (2002). Poverty alleviation through participation in Fair Trade Coffee Networks: The case of UCIRI, Oaxaca, Mexico.
9. Boersma, F. (2009). The urgency and necessity of a different type of market: The perspective of producers organized within the FairTrade market. Journal of Business Ethics, 86, 51-61.
10. Bowbrick, P. (1988). Are price reporting systems of any use? British Food Journal, 90(2), 65-69.
11. Bowbrick, P. (1992). The economics of quality, grades and brands.London: Routledge.
12. Cabanas, A. A. (2002). Evaluation of the current and potential poverty alleviation benefits of participation in the fair trademarket: The case of Unión La Selva, Chiapas, Mexico. San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico: Union of Societies of La Selva, Federation of Social Solidarity Societies.
13. Doussin, J.-P. (2007, October). Max Havelaar reply. Le Monde Diplomatique, p. 2.
14. Escalante, M. Y. (2001). Transcription of the workshop on alternative markets, Tacuba, July 18. San Salvador, El Salvador: Shade,Livelihoods and Conservation Project-UCSC/PROCAFE/CFHF.
15. European Commission. (2005). Directive 2005/29/EC Unfair Commercial Practices Directive''. Retrieved May 27, 2011, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX: 32005L0029:EN:NOT.
16. Fairtrade UK. (2009). Annual Report. Retrieved May 5, 2010, from http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/includes/documents/cm_docs/2009/2/2008_ar_fs.pdf.
17. Fairtrade Foundation. (2008, Feb 23). Response to Adam Smith Institute Report. Fairtrade Foundation Press Release.
18. Fairtrade Foundation. (2011). Are consumers getting a fair deal from Fairtrade products? Retrieved May 22, 2011, from Fairtrade.org.uk: http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/includes/documents/cm_docs/2008/R/1_Retail_pricing.pdf.
19. Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International. (2010). Annual Report 2009-2010. Retrieved May 27, 2011, from http://www.fairtrade.net/fileadmin/user_upload/content/2009/resources/FLO_Annual-Report-2009_komplett_double_web.pdf.
20. Garza, V. P., & Cervantes, E. (2002). Poverty alleviation through participation in Fair Trade Coffee Networks: The case of UniónMajomut, Chiapas, Mexico. Retrieved from http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Sociology/FairTradeResearchGroup.
21. Gendron, C. V. B., & Rance, A. (2009). The institutionalization of fair trade: More than just a degraded form of social action.Journal of Business Ethics, 86, 63-79.
22. Griffiths, P. (2003). The economist's tale: A consultant encounters hunger and the World Bank. London and New York: Zed Books.
23. Griffiths, P. (2008, August). Why Fairtrade isn't fair. Prospect.
24. Griffiths, P. (2010). Refutation: Does fair trade deliver on its core value proposition? Retrieved June 26, 2011, from http://www.griffithsspeaker.com/Fairtrade/Arnould%20et%20al%20web.pdf.
25. Hamel, I. (2006). Fairtrade firm accused of foul play. Swiss Info.http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/Fair_trade_firm_accused_of_foul_play.html?cid=5351232, 23/12/2009.
26. Hill, M. (2009). European coffee symposium, October 9. Retrieved from http://www.griffithsspeaker.com/Fairtrade/Who%20is%20
27. Jacquiau, C. (2006). Les Coulisees du Commerce Équitable. Paris:Mille et Une Nuits.
28. Jacquiau, C. (2007). Max Havelaar ou les ambigui{dotless}̈tés du commerce équitable: Pourquoi le Sud rue dans les brancards. MondeDiplomatique, September.
29. Johannesen, S. (2008). Producing and consuming narratives for Fairtrade. Masters thesis, Norwegian University.
30. Jones, S., & Bayley, B. (2000). Fair Trade: Overview, impact,challenges study to inform DFID's support to fair trade. Oxford:Oxford Policy Management.
31. Kilian, B., Jones, C., Pratt, L., & Villalobos, A. (2006). Is sustainable agriculture a viable strategy to improve farm income in CentralAmerica? A case study on coffee. Journal of Business Research,59(3), 322-330.
32. Lamb, H. (2008, September). Fairtrade is fair (Reply to Peter Griffiths, Fairtrade isn't Fair, Prospect Aug 2008). Prospect
33. Lamb, H. (2008b). Fighting the Banana Wars and other Fairtrade battles. London: Rider Books.
34. Lamb, H. S. (2006). Trade audits do detect sales of non-certified coffee [REPLY]. Financial Times, September 13.
35. Luetchford, P. (2006). Relations between coffee cooperatives and alternative trade organizations-A view from Costa Rica. In D.Lewis & D. Mosse (Eds.), Development brokers and translators:The ethnography of aid and agencies (pp. 127-148). Bloomfield,CT: Kumarian Press.
36. Lyon, S. (2002). Evaluation of the actual and potential benefits for the alleviation of poverty through the participation in Fair Trade Coffee Networks: Guatemalan case study. Retrieved from http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Sociology/FairTradeResearchGroup.
37. Lyon, S. (2009). What good will two more trees do? The political economy of sustainable coffee certification, local livelihoods andidentities. Landscape Research, 34(2), 223-240.
38. McMurtry, J. (2009). Ethical value-added: Fair Trade and the case of Cafe Fenenino. Journal of Business Ethics, 86, 27-49.
39. Mendez V. E. (2002). Fair Trade networks in two coffee cooperatives of Western El Salvador: An analysis of insertion through asecond level organization http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Sociology/FairTradeResearchGroup.
40. Mendoza, R. (2002). La paradoja del café, el gran negocio mundial y la peor crisis campesina, Managua, Nitlapán-Universidad Centroamericana, Oxfam UK, CAFOD and Christian Aid. (Cited in Mendoza, R., & Bastiaensen, J. 2003).
41. Mendoza, R., & Bastiaensen, J. (2003). Fair trade and the coffee crisis in the Nicaraguan Segovias. Small Enterprise Development,14(2), 36-46.
42. Milford, A. (2004). Coffee, co-operatives and competition: The impact of fair trade. Postterminalen, Norway: Chr. Michelsen Institute Development Studies and Human Rights.
43. Moberg, M. (2005). Fairtrade and eastern Caribbean banana farmers: Rhetoric and reality in the anti-globalization movement. Human Organization, 64, 4-16. (Cited in Nelson & Pound 2009, p. 10).
44. Moore, G., Gibbon, J., & Slack, R. (2006). The mainstreaming of Fair Trade: A macromarketing perspective. Journal of StrategicMarketing, 14, 329-352.
45. Murray, D., Raynolds, L., & Taylor, P. (2003). One cup at a time: Poverty alleviation and Fair Trade Coffee in Latin America. Fort Collins: Colorado State University.
46. Nelson, V., Pound, B. (2009). The last ten years: A comprehensive review of the literature on the impact of Fairtrade. Retrieved from http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/resources/natural_resources_institute.aspx.
47. Newman, P. (2006, September 23). How the Fairtrade ethos seeks to protect the growers. Financial Times.
48. Nicholls, A. (2008). Thriving in a hostile environment: Fairtrade's role as a positive market mechanism for disadvantaged producers.Retrieved from http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/includes/documents/cm_docs/2008/a/alex_nichols.pdf.
49. Organic Consumers Association.: n.d., Starbucks campaign.Retrieved May 22, 2007, from http://www.purefood.org/Starbucks/coffeelabor.htm.
50. Proctor, R. N. (2008). Agnotology: a missing term to describe the cultural production of ignorance and its study. In R. N. Proctor & L. Shiebinger (Eds.), Agnotology: The making and unmaking of ignorance (pp. 1-36). Stanford: Stanford University Press.
51. Raynolds, L. T. (2009). Mainstreaming Fair Trade Coffee: From partnership to traceability. World Development, 37(6), 1083-1093.
52. Reed, D. (2009). What do corporations have to do with Fair Trade? Positive and normative analysis from a value chain perspective.Journal of Business Ethics, 86, 3-26.
53. Ronchi, L. (2002). The impact of fairtrade on producers and their organisations. A case study with COOCAFE in Costa Rica.
54. Ruben, R., Fort, R., & Zuniga-Arias, G. (2009). Measuring the impact of fair trade. Development in Practice, 19(6), 777-788.
55. Taylor, P. (2002). Poverty alleviation through participation in Fair Trade Coffee Networks: Synthesis of case research questionfindings. Fort Collins: Colorado State University.
56. Utting-Chamorro, K. (2005). Does fairtrade make a difference? The case of small coffee producers in Nicaragua. Development in Practice, 15(3, 4).
57. Utting, K. (2009). Assessing the impact of Fair Trade Coffee: Towards an integrative framework. Journal of Business Ethics,86, 127-149.
58. Valkila, J. (2009). Fair trade organic coffee production in Nicaragua-Sustainable development or a poverty trap? EcologicalEconomics, 68, 3018-3025.
59. Valkila, J., Haaparanta, P., & Niemi, N. (2010). Empowering coffee traders? The coffee value chain from Nicaraguan fair trade farmers to Finnish consumers. Journal of Business Ethics, 97,257-270.
60. Valkila, J., & Nygren, A. (2010). Impacts of fair trade certification on coffee farmers, cooperatives, and laborers in Nicaragua. Agriculture and Human Values, 27, 321-333.
61. Weitzman, H. (2006a, August 9). 'Fair' coffee workers paid below minimum wage. Financial Times.
62. Weitzman, H. (2006b, September 9). 'Ethical-coffee' workers paid below legal minimum. Financial Times.
63. Weitzman, H. (2006c, September 8). The bitter cost of Fair Trade coffee. Financial Times.
64. Wilson, B. R. (2009). Indebted to Fair Trade? Coffee and crisis in Nicaragua. Geoforum, 41(1), 84-92.
65. World Bank. (2010). FAQs. Retrieved June 14, 2010, from http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTSITETOOLS/0contentMDK:20263941*menuPK:534295*pagePK:98400