The discovery of population differences in network community structure: New methods and applications to brain functional networks in schizophrenia

NeuroImage

Volumn 59, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 3889-3900

  Alexander Bloch, Aaron ^a,b,c   Lambiotte, Renaud ^d   Roberts, Ben ^e   Giedd, Jay ^b   Gogtay, Nitin ^b   Bullmore, Ed ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NAMUR   (Belgium)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Brain networks; Community structure; Graph theory; Modularity; Resting state fMRI; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN FUNCTION; BRAIN REGION; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE PROCESSING; INFORMATION PROCESSING; INSULA; MALE; NERVE CELL NETWORK; ONSET AGE; POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REST; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SUPRASYLVIAN GYRUS;

ADOLESCENT; BRAIN; BRAIN MAPPING; FEMALE; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; NERVE NET; SCHIZOPHRENIA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84855784202     PISSN: 10538119     EISSN: 10959572     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.035     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Alexander-Bloch A.F., Gogtay N., Meunier D., Birn R., Clasen L., et al. Disrupted modularity and local connectivity of brain functional networks in childhood-onset schizophrenia. Front. Sys. Neurosci. 2010, 4:147.
2. Bassett D.S., Bullmore E., Verchinski B.A., Mattay V.S., Weinberger D.R., et al. Hierarchical organization of human cortical networks in health and schizophrenia. J. Neurosci. 2008, 28:9239-9248.
3. Bassett D.S., Bullmore E.T., Meyer-Lindenberg A., Apud J.A., Weinberger D.R., et al. Cognitive fitness of cost-efficient brain functional networks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106:11747-11752.
4. Bassett D.S., Greenfield D.L., Meyer-Lindenberg A., Weinberger D.R., Moore S.W., et al. Efficient physical embedding of topologically complex information processing networks in brains and computer circuits. PLoS Comput. Biol. 2010, 6:e1000748.
5. Bellec P., Perlbarg V., Jbabdi S., Pélégrini-Issac M., Anton J.L., et al. Identification of large-scale networks in the brain using fMRI. Neuroimage 2006, 29:1231-1243.
6. Bellec P., Rosa-Neto P., Lyttelton O.C., Benali H., Evans A.C. Multi-level bootstrap analysis of stable clusters in resting-state fMRI. Neuroimage 2010, 51:1126-1139.
7. Burgund E.D., Kang H.C., Kelly J.E., Buckner R.L., Snyder A.Z., et al. The feasibility of a common stereotactic space for children and adults in fMRI studies of development. Neuroimage 2002, 17:184-200.
8. Burkard R.E., Ela E. Linear assignment problems and extensions. Handbook of combinatorial optimization: supplement volume A 1999, 75-149. Dordrecht. D. Du, P.M. Pardalos (Eds.).
9. Burkard R.E., Rodolf R., Woeginger G.J. Three-dimensional axial assignment problems with decomposable cost coefficients. Discrete Appl. Math. 1996, 65:123-139.
10. Butts C.T. Revisiting the foundations of network analysis. Science 2009, 325:414-416.
11. Calhoun V.D., Adali T., Pearlson G.D., Pekar J.J. A method for making group inferences from functional MRI data using independent component analysis. Hum. Brain Mapp. 2001, 14:140-151.
12. Chavez M., Valencia M., Navarro V., Latora V., Martinerie J. Functional modularity of background activities in normal and epileptic brain networks. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 104:118701.
13. Chavez M., Valencia M. Complex networks: new trends for the analysis of brain connectivity. Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos 2010, 20:1-10.
14. Chen Z.J., He Y., Rosa-Neto P., Germann J., Evans A.C. Revealing modular architecture of human brain structural networks by using cortical thickness from MRI. Cereb. Cortex 2008, 18:2374-2381.
15. Corradi-Dell'acqua, C., Tomelleri, L., Bellani, M., Rambaldelli, G., Cerini, R., Pozzi-Mucelli, R., Balestrieri, M., Tansella, M., Brambilla, P., in press. Thalamic-insular dysconnectivity in schizophrenia: evidence from structural equation modeling. Hum Brain Mapp. [Epub ahead of print].
16. Cox R.W. AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages. Comput. Biomed. Res. 1996, 29:162-173.
17. Cox T.F., Cox M.A.A. Multidimensional Scaling 1994, Chapman and Hall, London.
18. Craddock, R.C., James, G.A., Holtzheimer, P.E. III, Hu, X.P., Mayberg, H.S., in press. A whole brain fMRI atlas generated via spatially constrained spectral clustering. Hum Brain Mapp. [Epub ahead of print].
19. Curtis V.A., Bullmore E., Brammer M.J., Wright I.C., Williams S.C., Morris R.G., Sharma T.S., Murray R.M., McGuire P.K. Attenuated frontal activation during a verbal fluency task in patients with schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 1998, 155:1056-1063.
20. Danon L., Duch J., Diaz-Guilera A., Arenas A. Comparing community structure identification. J. Stat. Mech. Theory 2005, E9:P09008.
21. David A.S. Dysmodularity: a neurocognitive model for schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 1994, 20:249-255.
22. Erhardt E.B., Rachakonda S., Bedrick E.J., Allen E.A., Adali T., et al. Comparison of multi-subject ICA methods for analysis of fMRI data. Hum Brain Mapp. 2011, 32(12):2075-2095.
23. Fair D.A., Cohen A.L., Power J.D., Dosenbach N.U., Church J.A., et al. Functional brain networks develop from a "local to distributed" organization. PLoS Comput. Biol. 2009, 5:e1000381.
24. Fornito A., Zalesky A., Bullmore E.T. Network scaling effects in graph analytic studies of human resting-state fMRI data. Front. Sys. Neurosci. 2010, 4:22.
25. Fowlkes E.B., Mallows C.L. A method for comparing two hierarchical clusterings. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 1983, 78:553-569.
26. Fruchterman T.M.J., Reingold E.M. Graph drawing by force-directed placement. Softw. Pract. Exper. 1991, 11:1129-1164.
27. Gallager R.G., Humblet P.A., Spira P.M. A distributed algorithm for minimum-weight spanning trees. ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst. 1983, 5:66-77.
28. Guimerà R., Amaral L.A. Cartography of complex networks: modules and universal roles. J. Stat. Mech. 2005, P02001:nihpa35573.
29. Hagmann P., Cammoun L., Gigandet X., Meuli R., Honey C.J., et al. Mapping the structural core of human cerebral cortex. PLoS Biol. 2008, 6:e159.
30. He Y., Wang J., Wang L., Chen Z.J., Yan C., et al. Uncovering intrinsic modular organization of spontaneous brain activity in humans. PLoS One 2009, 4:e5226.
31. Jang D., Kim J., Chung T., An S.K., Jung Y.C., Lee J., Lee J., Kim I., Kim S.I. Shape deformation of the insula in schizophrenia. Neuroimage 2006, 32:220-227.
32. Jenkinson M., Smith S. A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images. Med. Image Anal. 2001, 5:143-156.
33. Jenkinson M., Bannister P., Brady M., Smith S. Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images. Neuroimage 2002, 17:825-884.
34. Kang H.C., Burgund E.D., Lugar H.M., Petersen S.E., Schlaggar B.L. Comparison of functional activation foci in children and adults using a common stereotactic space. Neuroimage 2003, 19:16-28.
35. Kasai K., Shenton M.E., Salisbury D.F., Onitsuka T., Toner S.K., Yurgelun-Todd D., Kikinis R., Jolesz F.A., McCarley R.W. Differences and similarities in insular and temporal pole MRI gray matter volume abnormalities in first-episode schizophrenia and affective psychosis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2003, 60:1069-1077.
36. Kaufman L., Rousseeuw P. Clustering by means of medoids. Statistical data analysis based on the L1-norm and related methods 1987, Birkhäuser, Berlin. Y. Dodge (Ed.).
37. Kim J.J., Youn T., Lee J.M., Kim I.Y., Kim S.I., Kwon J.S. Morphometric abnormality of the insula in schizophrenia: a comparison with obsessive-compulsive disorder and normal control using MRI. Schizophr. Res. 2003, 60:191-198.
38. Kruskal J.B. On the shortest spanning subtree of a graph and the traveling salesman problem. Proc. Am. Math Soc. 1956, 7:48-50.
39. Kuncheva L., Hadjitodorov S. Using diversity in cluster ensembles. IEEE Int. Conf. Syst. Man. Cybern. 2004, 2:1214-1219.
40. Liu Y., Liang M., Zhou Y., He Y., Hao Y., et al. Disrupted small-world networks in schizophrenia. Brain 2008, 131:945-961.
41. Lynall M.E., Bassett D.S., Kerwin R., McKenna P.J., Kitzbichler M., et al. Functional connectivity and brain networks in schizophrenia. J. Neurosci. 2010, 30:9477-9487.
42. Meunier D., Achard S., Morcom A., Bullmore E.T. Age-related changes in modular organization of human brain functional networks. Neuroimage 2009, 44:715-723.
43. Meunier D., Lambiotte R., Fornito A., Ersche K.D., Bullmore E.T. Hierarchical modularity in human brain functional networks. Front. Neuroinformatics 2009, 3:37.
44. Meunier D., Lambiotte R., Bullmore E.T. Modular and hierarchically modular organization of brain networks. Front. Neurosci. 2010, 4:200.
45. Newman M.E., Girvan M. Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 2004, 69:026113.
46. Papadimitriou C., Steiglitz K. Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Complexity 1982, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, pp. 218-266.
47. Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution. VII. On the correlation of characters not quantitatively measurable. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 1900, 195:1-47.
48. Percival D.B., Walden A.T. Wavelet Methods for Time Series Analysis 2006, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
49. Prim R.C. Shortest connection networks and some generalizations. Bell Syst. Tec. J. 1957, 36:1389-1401.
50. Reichardt J., Bornholdt S. Statistical mechanics of community detection. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006, 74:016110.
51. Rosvall M., Bergstrom C.T. Mapping change in large networks. PLoS One 2010, 5:e8694.
52. Sommer I.E.C., Diederen K.M.J., Blom J., Willems A., Kushan L., Slotema K., Boks M.P.M., Daalman K., Hoek H.W., Neggers S.F.W., Kahn R.S. Auditory verbal hallucinations predominantly activate the right inferior frontal area. Brain 2008, 131:3169-3177.
53. Schwarz A.J., McGonigle J. Negative edges and soft thresholding in complex network analysis of resting state functional connectivity data. Neuroimage 2011, 55:1132-1146.
54. Sporns O. The non-random brain: efficiency, economy, and complex dynamics. Front. Comput. Neurosci. 2011, 5:5.
55. Van den Heuvel M.P., Mandl R.C.W., Stam C.J., Kahn R.S., Pol H.E.H. Aberrant frontal and temporal complex network structure in schizophrenia: a graph theoretical analysis. J. Neurosci. 2010, 30:15915-15926.
56. Van Essen D.C., Dickson J., Harwell J., Hanlon D., Anderson C.H., et al. An integrated software system for surface-based analyses of cerebral cortex. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 2001, 8:443-459.
57. Vinh N., Epps J., Bailey J. Information theoretic measures for clusterings comparison: variants, properties, normalization and correction for chance. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 2010, 11:2837-2854.
58. Wang J.-H., Zuo X.-N., Gohel S., Milham M.P., Biswal B.B., et al. Graph theoretical analysis of functional brain networks: test-retest evaluation on short- and long-term resting-state functional MRI data. PLoS One 2011, 6:e21976.
59. Waterman M.S., Smith T.F. On the similarity of dendrograms. J. Theor. Biol. 1978, 73:789-800.
60. White T.P., Joseph V., Francis S.T., Liddle P.F. Aberrant salience network (bilateral insula and anterior cingulate cortex) connectivity during information processing in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2010, 123:105-115.
61. Wig G.S., Schlaggar B.L., Petersen S.E. Concepts and principles in the analysis of brain networks. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2011, 1224:126-146.
62. Wright I.C., Ellison Z.R., Sharma T., Friston K.J., Murray R.M., McGuire P.K. Mapping of grey matter changes in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 1999, 35:1-14.