Studies on the antihypertensive and antidyslipidemic activities of Viola odorata leaves extract

Lipids in Health and Disease

Volumn 11, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Siddiqi, Hasan S ^a,b   Mehmood, Malik H ^a   Rehman, Najeeb U ^a   Gilani, Anwar H ^a  

^a AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE   (Pakistan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI   (Pakistan)

Author keywords

antidyslipidemic; antihypertensive; Ca ++ antagonist; NO mediated.; Viola odorata leaves

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; CALCIUM ION; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; N(G) NITROARGININE METHYL ESTER; NITRIC OXIDE; PLANT EXTRACT; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; TYLOXAPOL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIOLA ODORATA EXTRACT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; LIPID; PHENYLEPHRINE; VASOCONSTRICTOR AGENT;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BODY WEIGHT; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DYSLIPIDEMIA; HEART ATRIUM CONTRACTION; LIPID DIET; MALE; MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE; MEDICINAL PLANT; NONHUMAN; PLANT LEAF; RAT; THORACIC AORTA; VASOCONSTRICTION; VIOLA ODORATA; VIOLACEAE; ANIMAL; AORTA; BLOOD; BLOOD PRESSURE; CALCIUM SIGNALING; CHEMISTRY; DRUG EFFECT; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GUINEA PIG; HEART CONTRACTION; IN VITRO STUDY; SPRAGUE DAWLEY RAT;

CAVIA; RATTUS; VIOLA ODORATA;

ANIMALS; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; AORTA; AORTA, THORACIC; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; CALCIUM SIGNALING; DIET, HIGH-FAT; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; GUINEA PIGS; HYPOLIPIDEMIC AGENTS; LIPIDS; MALE; MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION; PHENYLEPHRINE; PLANT EXTRACTS; PLANT LEAVES; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; VASOCONSTRICTION; VASOCONSTRICTOR AGENTS; VIOLA;

EID: 84855491190     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1476511X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1476-511X-11-6     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Epidemiology and burden of cardiovascular disease. Watkins LO, Clin Cardiol 2004 27 2 6
2. Vascular Reactivity and Effect of Serum in a Rat Model of Hypertriglyceridemia and Hypertension. Banos G, Carvajal K, Cardoso G, Zamora J, Franco M, Am J Hypertens 1997 10 379 388 (Pubitemid 27195972)
3. Antihypertensive medications and their effects on lipid metabolism. Deshmukh M, Lee HW, McFarlane SI, Whaley-Connell A, Curr Diab Rep 2008 3 214 220
4. Viola odorata Linn. Usmanghani K, Saeed A, Alam MT, Indusyunic Medicine Karachi: University Press 1997 440 441
5. Viola odorata L. Baquar SR, Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Pakistan Karachi: PRINTAS 1 1989 470
6. Viola odorata L. Kapoor LD, Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants Boca Raton: CRC Press 1990 335
7. Viola odorata L. Keville K, Illustrated Herb Encyclopedia New York: Michael Friedman publishing group, Inc., Rosart S, 1991 207
8. Sweet Violet (Viola odorata L.). Duke JA, Bogenschutz-Godwin MJ, Ducelliar J, Duke PAK, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 2nd edition Boca Raton: CRC Press 2002 715
9. Reference section. Stuart M, The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Herbalism Spain: Macdonald & Co (Publishers) Ltd, Stuart M, 1989 281
10. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of H. officinalis L. var. angustifolius, V. odorata, B. hyrcana and C. speciosum. Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SM, Nabavi SF, Bahramian F, Bekhradnia AR, Pak J Pharm Sci 2010 23 1 29 34
11. Diuretic, laxative and toxicity Studies of Viola odorata aerial parts. Vishal A, Parveen K, Pooja S, Kannappan N, Kumar S, Pharmacology online 2009 1 739 748
12. National Research Council, Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals Washington: National Academy Press 1996
13. Harkness JE, Wagner JE, The Biology and Medicine of Rabbits and Rodents, 4th edition Hagerstown: Williams and Wilkins 1995
14. Mechanism of hypocholesterolemic action of S-8921 in rats: S-8921 inhibits ileal bile acid absorption. Ichihashi T, Izawa M, Miyata K, Mizui T, Hirano K, Takagishi Y, J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1998 284 1 43 50 (Pubitemid 28109527)
15. Phytochemistry. Evans WC, Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy. 5th edition Delhi: Elsevier 2006 135 150
16. Ginger lowers blood pressure through blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels. Ghayur MN, Gilani AH, J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005 45 74 80 (Pubitemid 40039759)
17. Interaction of ebeinone, an alkaloid from Fritillaria imperialis, at two muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. Gilani AH, Shaheen F, Christopoulos A, Mitchelson F, Life Sci 1997 60 8 535 544 (Pubitemid 27099801)
18. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Furchgott RF, Zawadski JV, Nature 1980 299 373 376 (Pubitemid 11169009)
19. Modulation of vascular smooth muscle contraction by endothelium. Vanhoutte PM, Rubanyi GM, Miller VM, Houston DS, Annu Rev Physiol 48 307 330
20. Calcium movements, distribution, and functions in smooth muscle. Karaki H, Ozaki H, Hori M, Mitsui-Saito M, Amano K, Harada K, Miyamoto S, Nakazawa H, Won KJ, Sato K, Pharmacol Rev 1997 49 157 230 (Pubitemid 27291033)
21. Inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate activates pharmaco-mechanical coupling in smooth muscle of rabbit mesenteric artery. Hashimoto M, Hirata M, Itoh T, Kanmura Y, Kuriyama H, J Physiol 1986 370 605 618 (Pubitemid 16185850)
22. Lipid lowering activity of Phyllanthus niruri in hyperlipemic rats. Khanna AK, Rizvi F, Chander R, J Ethnopharmacol 2002 82 1 19 22
23. Hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic effect of argan oil (Argan spinosa L.) in Meriones Shawi rats. Berroughui H, Ettaib A, Herrera Gonzalez MD, Alvarez de Sotomayor M, Bennari-Kabchi N, Hmamouchi M, J Ethnopharmacol 2003 89 1 15 18 (Pubitemid 37163794)
24. Studies on antidyslipidemic effects of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit, leaves and root extracts. Mandukhail SU, Aziz N, Gilani AH, Lipids Health Dis 2010 9 88
25. + -channel activation. Gilani AH, Khan AU, Ghayur MN, Ali SF, Herzig JW, Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2006 99 365 373 (Pubitemid 44673317)
26. Hemodynamic effects of calcium antagonists in hypertension. Johansen PL, Calcium Antagonists in Clinical Medicine Philadelphia 1992 62 98
27. ++ in myocardium, cardiac pacemakers and vascular smooth muscle. Fleckenstein A, Annu rev of pharmacol 1977 17 149 166
28. Antiarrhythmic drugs. Roden DM, Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics New York: McGraw-Hill 11 2006 899 932
29. Calcium antagonism and calcium entry blockade. Godfraind T, Miller R, Wibo M, Pharmacol Rev 1986 38 312 416
30. Calcium-activated potassium channels in single smooth muscle cells of rabbit jejunum and guinea-pig mesenteric artery. Benham CD, Bolton TB, Lang RJ, Takewaki T, J Physiol 1986 371 45 67 (Pubitemid 16139405)
31. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Furchgott RF, Zawadski JV, Nature 1980 299 373 376 (Pubitemid 11169009)
32. Vascular endothelial cells synthesize nitric oxide from L-arginine. Palmer RM, Ashton DS, Moncada S, Nature 1988 333 664 666
33. G -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in rats. Fantel AG, Nekahi N, Shepard TH, Cornel LM, Unis AS, Lemire RJ, Reprod Toxicol 1997 11 709 717 (Pubitemid 29110538)
34. Direct and indirect actions of acetylcholine and histamine on intrapulmonary artery and vein muscles of the rat. Chen GF, Suzuki H, Jpn J Physiol 1989 39 1 51 65 (Pubitemid 19119776)
35. Cardiovascular effects of serotonin agonists and antagonists. Saxena PR, Villalán CM, J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990 15 Suppl 7 17 34
36. The direct release of nitric oxide by gypenosides derived from the herb Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Tanner MA, Bu X, Steimle JA, Myers PR, Nitric Oxide 1999 3 5 359 365 (Pubitemid 29531862)
37. Blood pressure-lowering and vascular modulator effects of Acorus calamus extract are mediated through multiple pathways. Shah AJ, Gilani AH, J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2009 54 1 38 46
38. Antihypertensive, antidyslipidemic and endothelial modulating activities of Orchis mascula. Aziz N, Mehmood MH, Siddiqi HS, Mandukhail SU, Sadiq F, Maan W, Gilani AH, Hypertens Res 2009 32 11 997 1003
39. Mechanism for elevation of hepatic cholesterol synthesis and serum cholesterol levels in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemia. Kuroda M, Tanzawa K, Tsujita Y, Endo A, Biochimica Biophysica Acta 1977 489 119 125 (Pubitemid 8224882)
40. Effect of Triton on lipoprotein lipase of rat plasma. Schotz MC, Scanu A, Page IH, Am J Physiol 1957 188 399 402
41. Regulation of bile acid synthesis. II. Effect of bile acid feeding on enzymes regulating hepatic cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in the rat. Heuman DM, Vlahcevic ZR, Bailey ML, Hylemon PB, Hepatology 1988 8 892 897
42. Mechanism of action of antiatherogenic and related effects of Ficus bengalensis Linn. flavonoids in experimental animals. Daniel RS, Devi KS, Augusti KT, Sudhakaran Nair CR, Indian J Exp Biol 2003 41 4 296 303 (Pubitemid 36405511)
43. Saponins from platycodi radix ameliorate high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Han LK, Zheng YN, Xu BJ, Okuda H, Kimura Y, J Nutr 2002 132 8 2241 2245 (Pubitemid 34851657)
44. Cholesterol and coronary heart disease: predicting risks in men by changes in levels and ratios. Kinosian B, Glick H, Press L, Purer KL, J Invest Med 1995 43 443 450
45. Comparative efficacy of ezetimibe/simvastatin, rosuvastatin, and atorvastatin in uncontrolled hyperlipidemia patients. Furman A, Meier JL, Malmstrom RA, Lopez JR, Schaefer S, Am J Manag Care 2011 17 8 538 44
46. Antioxidant efficacy of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and piperine in rats with high fat diet induced oxidative stress. Vijayakumar RS, Surya D, Nalini N, Redox Rep 2004 9 105 110 (Pubitemid 39010935)
47. Dysregulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism in high fat diet fed hyperlipidemic Rats: Protective Effect of Sida rhomboidea. roxb leaf extract. Thounaojam M, Jadeja R, Ansarullah, Devkar R, Ramachandran AV, J Health Sci 2009 55 413 420
48. Obesity and overweight. World Health Organization, 2006 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/index.html Ref Type: Online Source
49. A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines used in the treatment of obesity. Hasani-Ranjbar S, Nayebi N, Larijani B, Abdollahi M, World J Gastroenterol 2009 15 25 3073 3085
50. Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa on obesity in MSG mice. Alarcon-Aguilar FJ, Zamilpa A, Perez-Garcia MD, Almanza Perez JC, Romero-Nũez E, Campos-Sepulveda EA, Vazquez-Carrillo LI, Roman-Ramos R, J Ethnopharmacol 2007 114 66 71 (Pubitemid 47444509)
51. Effects of Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) extract on diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mouse. Jeon WK, Kim JH, Lee HW, Ko BS, Kim HK, Kor J Pharmacognosy 2003 34 339 343 (Pubitemid 38101395)
52. Prevention of high fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in male wistar rats by aqueous extract of Tamarindus indica seed. Shahraki MR, Harati M, Shahraki AR, Acta Med Iran 2011 49 5 277 283
53. Effects of Momordica charantia on insulin resistance and visceral obesity in mice on high-fat diet. Shih CC, Lin CH, Lin WL, Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008 81 134 143