Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in nepal: A retrospective cohort study (2000-2010)

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases

Volumn 5, Issue 12, 2011, Pages

  Uranw, Surendra ^a,b   Ostyn, Bart ^b   Rijal, Arpana ^a   Devkota, Saru ^a   Khanal, Basudha ^a   Menten, Joris ^b   Boelaert, Marleen ^b   Rijal, Suman ^a  

^a B P KOIRALA INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES   (Nepal)

^b INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B; MILTEFOSINE; STIBOGLUCONATE SODIUM; ANTIMONY GLUCONATE; ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG TREATMENT FAILURE; FEMALE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HYPOPIGMENTATION; INFECTION RISK; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEPAL; RECURRENT INFECTION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCREENING TEST; SKIN BIOPSY; SKIN INJURY; SKIN LEISHMANIASIS; TERTIARY HEALTH CARE; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; ANIMAL; COHORT ANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; PSYCHODIDAE; RISK FACTOR; TIME;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANIMALS; ANTIMONY SODIUM GLUCONATE; ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENTS; COHORT STUDIES; HUMANS; LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS; LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL; MALE; NEPAL; PREVALENCE; PSYCHODIDAE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; TIME FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84855268561     PISSN: 19352727     EISSN: 19352735     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001433     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Zijlstra EE, Musa AM, Khalil EAG, El Hassan IM, El-Hassan AM, (2003) Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Lancet Infectious Diseases 3: 87-97.
2. Bern C, Maguire JH, Alvar J, (2008) Complexities of assessing the disease burden attributable to leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e313.
3. Ramesh V, Mukherjee A, (1995) Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Int J Dermatol 34: 85-91.
4. Zijltra EE, EL-Hassan AM, Ismael A, (1995) Endemic Kala-azar in eastern Sudan: Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 52: 299-305.
5. Desjeux P, Ramesh V, (2011) Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: facing the challenge of Eliminating Kala-azar from South Asia, part 4, pp. 111-124 doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0277-6_11.
6. Zijlstra EE, Khalil EAG, Kager PA, El-Hassan AM, (2000) Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in the Sudan: clinical presentation and differential diagnosis. British Journal of Dermatology 143: 136-143.
7. Garg VK, Agrawal S, Rani S, Joshi A, Agrawalla A, et al. (2001) Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in Nepal. International Journal of dermatology 40: 179-184.
8. Rahman KM, Islam S, Rahman MW, Kenah E, Galive CM, et al. (2010) Increasing incidence of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in a population based study in Bangladesh. Clin Infect Dis 50: 73-76.
9. Mondal D, Nasrin KN, Huda MM, Kabir M, Hossain MS, et al. (2010) Enhanced case detection and improved diagnosis of PKDL in a kala-azar endemic area of Bangladesh. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e832.
10. Desjeux P, (2001) The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 95: 239-243.
11. Addy M, Nandy A, (1992) Ten years of kala-azar in West Bengal, Part I. Did post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis initiate the outbreak in 24-paragans? Bull World Health Organ 70: 341-346.
12. El Hassan AM, Khalil EAG, (2001) Short communication: Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: does it play a role in the transmission of leishmania donovani in the Sudan? Trop Med Int Health 6: 743-744.
13. Bern C, Courtenay O, Alvar J, (2010) Of cattle, Sand flies and Men: A systematic review of risk factor analyses for South Asian Visceral Leishmaniasis and implications for elimination. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e599.
14. World Health Organization (2005) Regional Technical Advisory Group on Kala-azar Elimination. Report of the first meeting, Manesar, Haaryana, 20-23 December 2004 (2005). Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi, October.
15. Mondal D, Singh SP, Kumar N, Joshi A, Sundar S, et al. (2009) Visceral leishmaniasis elimination program in India, Bangladesh, and Nepal: Reshaping the case finding/case management strategy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e355.
16. Karki P, Koirala S, Parija SC, Sethi M, Das ML, (2003) Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL): the first case report from Nepal. Southeast J Trop Med Public Health 34: 22-23.
17. Rijal A, Agrawal S, Agarwalla A, Agrawal A, Rijal S, (2005) Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis with visceral leishmaniasis: a rare presentation. International Journal of Dermatology 44: 494-496.
18. Das ML, Deb M, Karki BMS, Sarif M, Khanal B, et al. (2007) Use of rK39 for the diagnosis of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in Nepal. South Asian J Trop Med Public Health 38: 619-625.
19. Mubayi A, Castillo-Chavez C, Chowell G, Kribs-Zaleta C, Ali Siddiqui N, et al. (2010) Transmission dynamics and underreporting of Kala-azar in the Indian state of Bihar. J Theor Biol 262: 177-85.
20. Rabi Das VN, Pandey K, Verma N, Lal CS, Sanjeev Bimal, et al. (2009) Short report: Development of Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) in Miltefosine-Treated Visceral leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 336-338.
21. Salotra P, Singh R, (2006) Challenges in the diagnosis of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Indian J Med Res 123: 295-310.
22. Ganguly S, Das NK, Barbhuiya JN, Chatterjee M, (2010) Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis-an overview. Int J Dermatol 49: 921-31.
23. Musa AM, Khalil EA, Raheem MA, Zijlstra EE, Ibrahim ME, Elhassan IM, Mukhtar MM, El Hassan AM, (2002) The natural history of Sudanese post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: clinical, immunological and prognostic features. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 96: 765-72.
24. Croft SL, (2008) PKDL - A drug related phenomenon? Indian J Med Res 128: 10-11.