How we didn't clean up until we washed our hands: Shigellosis in an elementary and middle school in north texas

Southern Medical Journal

Volumn 105, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 1-4

  Schulte, Joann M ^a,b   Williams, Linda ^a,b   Asghar, Jawaid ^a,b   Dang, Thi ^a,b   Bedwell, Shelby ^a,b   Guerrero, Kenzi ^a,b   Hamaker, Doug ^a,b   Stonecipher, Shelley ^a,b   Zoretic, James ^a,b   Chow, Catherine ^a,b  

^a CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

^b TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF STATE HEALTH SERVICES   (United States)

Author keywords

hand washing; school; Shigella; surveillance

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; SOAP;

ARTICLE; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; DISINFECTION; ELEMENTARY STUDENT; EPIDEMIC; FOOD HANDLING; GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTION; HAND WASHING; HOUSEHOLD; HUMAN; INFECTION CONTROL; INTERVIEW; KINDERGARTEN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MIDDLE SCHOOL; MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENT; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIMARY SCHOOL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SCHOOL CHILD; SCHOOL HEALTH EDUCATION; SCHOOL HYGIENE; SHIGELLA SONNEI; SHIGELLOSIS; TEACHER;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; DYSENTERY, BACILLARY; HANDWASHING; HUMANS; SCHOOLS; SHIGELLA SONNEI; TEXAS;

EID: 84855163267     PISSN: 00384348     EISSN: 15418243     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31823c411e     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Mohle-Boetani JC, Stapleton M, Finger R, et al. Communitywide shig-ellosis: control of an outbreak and risk factors in child day-care centers. Am J Public Health 1995;85:812-816.
2. Arvelo W, Hinkle CJ, Nguyen TA, et al. Transmission risk factors and treatment of pediatric shigellosis during a large daycare center-associated outbreak of multidrug resistant Shigella sonnei. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009;28:976-980.
3. Weissman JB, Schmerler A, Weiler P, et al. The role of preschool children and day-care centers in the spread of shigellosis in urban communities. J Pediatr 1974;84:797-802.
4. Gupta A, Polyak CS, Bishop RD, et al. Laboratory-confirmed shigellosis in the United States, 1989-2002: epidemiologic trends and patterns. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:1372-1377. (Pubitemid 38668581)
5. Kotloff KL, Winickoff JP, Ivanoff B, et al. Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. Bull World Health 1999;77:651-666. (Pubitemid 29446617)
6. Swaninathan KB, Barrett TJ, Hunter SB, et al. PulseNet: the molecular subtyping network for foodborne bacterial disease surveillance, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 2001;7:382-389.
7. Shane AL, Tucker NA, Crump JA, et al. Sharing Shigella: risk factors for a multi community outbreak of shigellosis. Arch Pediar Adolesc Med 2003;157:601-603. (Pubitemid 36693555)
8. Sobel J, Cameron DN, Ismail J, et al. A prolonged outbreak of Shigella sonnei infection in traditionally observant Jewish communities in North America caused by a molecularly distinct bacterial subtype. J Infect Dis 1998;177:1405-1409. (Pubitemid 28194289)
9. Garrett V, Bornschlegel K, Lange D, et al. A recurring outbreak of Shi-gella sonnei among traditionally observant Jewish children in New York City: the risks of daycare and household transmission. Epidemiol Infect 2006;134:1231-1236. (Pubitemid 44614945)
10. Bloomfield SF, Aiello AE, Cookson B, et al. The effectiveness of hand hygiene procedures in reducing the risks of infections in home and community settings including handwashing and alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Am J Infect Control 2007;35S:S27-S64.
11. Ekanem EE, DuPont HL, Pickering LK, et al. Transmission dynamics of enteric bacteria in day-care centers. Am J Epidemiol 1983;118:562-572. (Pubitemid 13009999)
12. Kramer A, Schwebke I, Kumpf EE. How long do nosocomial pathogens persist on inanimate surfaces? BMC Infect Dis 2010;6:130.
13. Islam MS, Hossain MA, Khan SI, et al. Survival of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 on fomites. J Health Popul Nutr 2001;19:177-182. (Pubitemid 33094576)
14. Nakamura M. The survival of Shigella sonnei on cotton, wood, paper and metal at various temperatures. J Hyg 1962;60:35-39.
15. Islam MS, Hasan MK, Miah MA, et al. Use of the polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent-antibody methods for detecting viable but non-culturable Shigella dysenteriae type 1 in laboratory microcosms. Appl Environ Microbiol 1993;59:536-540. (Pubitemid 23058945)
16. Wilson R, Feldman RA, Davis J, et al. Family illness associated with Shigella infection: the interrelationship of age of the index patients and the age of household members in acquisition of illness. J Infect Dis 1981; 143:130-132. (Pubitemid 11152610)
17. Hardy AV, Watt J. Studies of the acute diarrheal diseases XVIII. Epidemiol Public Health Rep 1948;12:363-378.
18. Lee TS, Chang YC, Chang LL, et al. One predominant type of genetically closely-related Shigella sonnei prevalent in four sequential outbreaks in school children. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2003;45:171-181.
19. Luby SP, Agoatwalla M, Painter J, et al. Effective of intensive hand-washing promotion on childhood diarrhea in high-risk communities in Pakistan: a randomized control clinical trial. JAMA 2004;291:2547-2554. (Pubitemid 38702772)
20. Master D, Hess-Longe SH, Dickson H. Scheduled hand washing in an elementary school population. Fam Med 1997;29:336-339. (Pubitemid 27217034)