Filarial lymphatic pathology reflects augmented Toll-Like receptor-mediated, mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated proinflammatory cytokine production

Infection and Immunity

Volumn 79, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 4600-4608

  Babu, Subash ^a,c   Anuradha, R ^a   Kumar, N Pavan ^a   George, P Jovvian ^a   Kumaraswami, V ^d   Nutman, Thomas B ^b  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^c SAIC FREDERICK INC   (United States)

^d NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN TUBERCULOSIS   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1,4 DIAMINO 1,4 BIS(2 AMINOPHENYLTHIO) 2,3 DICYANOBUTADIENE; 4 (4 FLUOROPHENYL) 2 (4 METHYLSULFINYLPHENYL) 5 (4 PYRIDYL)IMIDAZOLE; CPG OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE; GAMMA INTERFERON; IMIQUIMOD; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 17; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 23; INTERLEUKIN 6; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 1; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE P38; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 2; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 7; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 9; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; CYTOKINE RESPONSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; TH1 CELL;

ADULT; AGED; CYTOKINES; ELEPHANTIASIS, FILARIAL; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; LYMPHATIC SYSTEM; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 80855157133     PISSN: 00199567     EISSN: 10985522     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.05419-11     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Alexopoulou, L., A. C. Holt, R. Medzhitov, and R. A. Flavell. 2001. Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappaB by Toll-like receptor 3. Nature 413:732-738.
2. Babu, S., et al. 2009. Filarial lymphedema is characterized by antigen-specific Th1 and Th17 proinflammatory responses and a lack of regulatory T cells. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 3:e420.
3. Babu, S., C. P. Blauvelt, V. Kumaraswami, and T. B. Nutman. 2006. Cutting edge: diminished T cell TLR expression and function modulates the immune response in human filarial infection. J. Immunol. 176:3885-3889.
4. Babu, S., C. P. Blauvelt, V. Kumaraswami, and T. B. Nutman. 2005. Diminished expression and function of TLR in lymphatic filariasis: a novel mechanism of immune dysregulation. J. Immunol. 175:1170-1176.
5. Babu, S., C. P. Blauvelt, V. Kumaraswami, and T. B. Nutman. 2006. Regulatory networks induced by live parasites impair both Th1 and Th2 pathways in patent lymphatic filariasis: implications for parasite persistence. J. Immunol. 176:3248-3256.
6. Bennuru, S., and T. B. Nutman. 2009. Lymphatics in human lymphatic filariasis: in vitro models of parasite-induced lymphatic remodeling. Lymphat. Res. Biol. 7:215-219.
7. Brattig, N. W., et al. 2004. The major surface protein of Wolbachia endosymbionts in filarial nematodes elicits immune responses through TLR2 and TLR4. J. Immunol. 173:437-445.
8. Debrah, A. Y., et al. 2006. Doxycycline reduces plasma VEGF-C/sVEGFR-3 and improves pathology in lymphatic filariasis. PLoS Pathog. 2:e92.
9. Dreyer, G., J. Noroes, J. Figueredo-Silva, and W. F. Piessens. 2000. Pathogenesis of lymphatic disease in bancroftian filariasis: a clinical perspective. Parasitol. Today 16:544-548.
10. Figueredo-Silva, J., J. Noroes, A. Cedenho, and G. Dreyer. 2002. The histopathology of bancroftian filariasis revisited: the role of the adult worm in the lymphatic-vessel disease. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 96:531-541.
11. Hartgers, F. C., et al. 2008. Enhanced Toll-like receptor responsiveness associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in Plasmodium falciparum-infected children. Infect. Immun. 76:5149-5157.
12. Hise, A. G., et al. 2007. Innate immune responses to endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria in Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus are dependent on TLR2, TLR6, MyD88, and Mal, but not TLR4, TRIF, or TRAM. J. Immunol. 178:1068-1076.
13. Iwasaki, A., and R. Medzhitov. 2004. Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune responses. Nat. Immunol. 5:987-995.
14. Kawai, T., and S. Akira. 2010. The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors. Nat. Immunol. 11:373-384.
15. Lal, R. B., and E. A. Ottesen. 1988. Enhanced diagnostic specificity in human filariasis by IgG4 antibody assessment. J. Infect. Dis. 158:1034-1037.
16. Marta, M. 2009. Toll-like receptors in multiple sclerosis mouse experimental models. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1173:458-462.
17. Nutman, T. B., and V. Kumaraswami. 2001. Regulation of the immune response in lymphatic filariasis: perspectives on acute and chronic infection with Wuchereria bancrofti in South India. Parasite Immunol. 23:389-399.
18. O'Neill, L. A. 2008. When signaling pathways collide: positive and negative regulation of Toll-like receptor signal transduction. Immunity 29:12-20.
19. O'Neill, L. A., and A. G. Bowie. 2007. The family of five: TIR-domaincontaining adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 7:353-364.
20. Pfarr, K. M., A. Y. Debrah, S. Specht, and A. Hoerauf. 2009. Filariasis and lymphoedema. Parasite Immunol. 31:664-672.
21. Reynolds, J. M., B. P. Pappu, J. Peng, G. J. Martinez, Y. Zhang, Y. Chung, L. Ma, X. O. Yang, R. I. Nurieva, Q. Tian, and C. Dong. 2010. Toll-like receptor 2 signaling in CD4(+) T lymphocytes promotes T helper 17 responses and regulates the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. Immunity 32:692-702.
22. Saint Andre, A., et al. 2002. The role of endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria in the pathogenesis of river blindness. Science 295:1892-1895.
23. Semnani, R. T., and T. B. Nutman. 2004. Toward an understanding of the interaction between filarial parasites and host antigen-presenting cells. Immunol. Rev. 201:127-138.
24. Semnani, R. T., et al. 2008. Inhibition of TLR3 and TLR4 function and expression in human dendritic cells by helminth parasites. Blood 112:1290-1298.
25. Takeda, K., T. Kaisho, and S. Akira. 2003. Toll-like receptors. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 21:335-376.
26. Taylor, M. J. 2003. Wolbachia in the inflammatory pathogenesis of human filariasis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 990:444-449.
27. Taylor, M. J., H. F. Cross, and K. Bilo. 2000. Inflammatory responses induced by the filarial nematode Brugia malayi are mediated by lipopolysaccharide-like activity from endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria. J. Exp. Med. 191:1429-1436.
28. Turner, J. D., et al. 2009. Wolbachia lipoprotein stimulates innate and adaptive immunity through Toll-like receptors 2 and 6 to induce disease manifestations of filariasis. J. Biol. Chem. 284:22364-22378.