Thyroid and parathyroid

Oncology: An Evidence-Based Approach

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 992-1013

  Doherty, Gerard M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HEALTH SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 80455152540     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/0-387-31056-8_55     Document Type: Chapter

References (102)

1. Kumar H, Daykin J, Holder R, Watkinson JC, Sheppard MC, Franklyn JA. Gender, clinical findings, and serum thyrotropin measurements in the prediction of thyroid neoplasia in 1005 patients presenting with thyroid enlargement and investigated by fine-needle aspiration cytology. Thyroid 1999;9:1105-1109.
2. Cancer Facts and Figures 2004. Atlanta: American Cancer Society, 2004.
3. Ries LAG, Eisner MP, Kosary CL, et al (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2001. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute, 2004.
4. Carcangiu ML, Zampi G, Pupi A, Castagnoli A, Rosai J. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. A clinicopathologic study of 241 cases treated at the University of Florence, Italy. Cancer (Phila) 1985;55:805-828.
5. Grigsby PW, Gal-or A, Michalski JM, Doherty GM. Childhood and adolescent thyroid carcinoma. Cancer (Phila) 2002;95:724-729.
6. DeGroot LJ, Kaplan EL, McCormick M, Straus FH. Natural history, treatment, and course of papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;71:414-424.
7. Ozaki O, Ito K, Kobayashi K, Toshima K, Iwasaki H, Yashiro T. Thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease. World J Surg 1990;14: 437-440; discussion 440-441.
8. Mazzaferri EL. Thyroid cancer and Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;70:826-829.
9. Katoh R, Sasaki J, Kurihara H, Suzuki K, Iida Y, Kawaoi A. Multiple thyroid involvement (intraglandular metastasis) in papillary thyroid carcinoma. A clinicopathologic study of 105 consecutive patients. Cancer (Phila) 1992;70:1585-1590.
10. Lindsay S. Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland. Springfield: Thomas, 1960.
11. Johnson TL, Lloyd RV, Thompson NW, Beierwaltes WH, Sisson JC. Prognostic implications of the tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1988;12:22-27.
12. Hawk WA, Hazard JB. The many appearances of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Cleve Clin Q. 1976;43(4):207-215.
13. Moreno-Egea A, Rodriguez-Gonzalez JM, Sola-Perez J, Soria- Cogollos T, Parrilla-Paricio P. Multivariate analysis of histopathological features as prognostic factors in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Br J Surg 1995;82:1092-1094.
14. Moreno Egea A, Rodriguez Gonzalez JM, Sola Perez J, Soria Cogollos T, Parrilla Paricio P. Prognostic value of the tall cell variety of papillary cancer of the thyroid. Eur J Surg Oncol 1993;19:517-521.
15. Vickery AL Jr. Thyroid papillary carcinoma. Pathological and philosophical controversies. Am J Surg Pathol 1983;7:797-807.
16. Moreno Egea A, Rodriguez Gonzalez JM, Sola Perez J, Soria T, Parrilla Paricio P. Clinicopathological study of the diffuse sclerosing variety of papillary cancer of the thyroid. Presentation of 4 new cases and review of the literature. Eur J Surg Oncol 1994; 20:7-11.
17. Herrera MF, Hay ID, Wu PS, et al. Hurthle cell (oxyphilic) papillary thyroid carcinoma: a variant with more aggressive biologic behavior. World J Surg 1992:16:669-674; discussion 674-685.
18. Shore RE. Issues and epidemiological evidence regarding radiation- induced thyroid cancer. Radiat Res 1992;131:98-111.
19. Shore RE, Hildreth N, Dvoretsky P, Andresen E, Moseson M, Pasternack B. Thyroid cancer among persons given x-ray treatment in infancy for an enlarged thymus gland. Am J Epidemiol 1993;137:1068-1080.
20. Ron E, Lubin JH, Shore RE, et al. Thyroid cancer after exposure to external radiation: a pooled analysis of seven studies. Radiat Res 1995;141:259-277.
21. Ron E, Modan B. Benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms after childhood irradiation for tinea capitis. J Natl Cancer Inst 1980; 65:7-11.
22. Perkel VS, Gail MH, Lubin J, et al. Radiation-induced thyroid neoplasms: evidence for familial susceptibility factors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988;66:1316-1322.
23. Schneider AB, Ron E, Lubin J, Stovall M, Gierlowski TC. Doseresponse relationships for radiation-induced thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules: evidence for the prolonged effects of radiation on the thyroid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993;77:362-369.
24. Kerber RA, Till JE, Simon SL, et al. A cohort study of thyroid disease in relation to fallout from nuclear weapons testing [see comment]. JAMA 1993;270:2076-2082.
25. Hamilton TE, van Belle G, LoGerfo JP. Thyroid neoplasia in Marshall islanders exposed to nuclear fallout. JAMA 1987;258: 629-636.
26. Nikiforov Y, Gnepp DR. Pediatric thyroid cancer after the Chernobyl disaster. Cancer (Phila) 1994;74:748-766.
27. Cetta F, Montalto G, Gori M, Curia MC, Cama A, Olschwang S. Germline mutations of the APC gene in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis-associated thyroid carcinoma: results from a European cooperative study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:286-292.
28. Cetta F, Curia MC, Montalto G, et al. Thyroid carcinoma usually occurs in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis in the absence of biallelic inactivation of the adenomatous polyposis coli gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 2001;86:427-432.
29. Hay ID, Grant CS, Bergstralh EJ, Thompson GB, van Heerden JA, Goellner JR. Unilateral total lobectomy: is it sufficient surgical treatment for patients with AMES low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma? Surgery (St. Louis) 1998;124:958-964; discussion 964-966.
30. Reeve T, Thompson NW. Complications of thyroid surgery: how to avoid them, how to manage them, and observations on their possible effect on the whole patient. World J Surg 2000;24:971-975.
31. Ley PB, Roberts JW, Symmonds J, et al. Safety and efficacy of total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a 20- year review. Am Surg 1993;59:110-114.
32. Akslen LA. Prognostic importance of histologic grading in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer (Phila) 1993;72:2680-2685.
33. Akslen LA, Haldorsen T, Thoresen SO, Glattre A. Survival and causes of death in thyroid cancer: a population-based study of 2479 cases from Norway. Cancer Res 1991;51:1234-1241.
34. Pineda JD, Lee T, Ain K, Reynolds JC, Robbins J. Iodine-131 therapy for thyroid cancer patients with elevated thyroglobulin and negative diagnostic scan [see comment]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:1488-1492.
35. Ain KB. Papillary thyroid carcinoma. Etiology, assessment, and therapy. Endocrinol Metabol Clin N Am 1995;24:711-760.
36. Correa P, Chen VW. Endocrine gland cancer. Cancer (Phila) 1995; 75:338-352.
37. Rosai J, Carcangiu ML, DeLellis RA. Tumors of the Thyroid Gland, Series 3, Fascicle 5. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1992.
38. Bacher-Stier C, Riccabona G, Totsch M, Kemmler G, Oberaigner W, Moncayo R. Incidence and clinical characteristics of thyroid carcinoma after iodine prophylaxis in an endemic goiter country. Thyroid 1997;7:733-741.
39. Pacini F, Vorontsova T, Demidchik EP, et al. Post-Chernobyl thyroid carcinoma in Belarus children and adolescents: comparison with naturally occurring thyroid carcinoma in Italy and France. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:3563-3569.
40. Cooper DS, Schneyer CR. Follicular and Hurthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 1990;19:577-591.
41. Hay ID. Papillary thyroid carcinoma. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 1990;19:545-576.
42. Grebe SK, Hay ID. Follicular thyroid cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 1995;24:761-801.
43. Mazzaferri EL. An overview of the management of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 1999;9:421-427.
44. Mazzaferi FL. Papillary thyroid carcinoma: factors influencing prognosis and current therapy. Semin Oncol 1987;14:315-332.
45. Grebe SK, Hay ID. Follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas. Cancer Treat Res 1997;89:91-140.
46. Robbins J, Merino MJ, Boice JD Jr, et al. Thyroid cancer: a lethal endocrine neoplasm. Ann Intern Med 1991;115:133-147.
47. Greene F. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 6th ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2002.
48. Hundahl SA, Fleming ID, Fremgen AM, Menck HR. A National Cancer Data Base report on 53,856 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the U.S., 1985-1995 [see comments]. Cancer (Phila) 1998;83:2638-2648.
49. Dean DS, Hay ID. Prognostic indicators in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Control 2000;7:229-239.
50. Hay ID, Bergstralh EJ, Goellner JR, Ebersold JR, Grant CS. Predicting outcome in papillary thyroid carcinoma: development of a reliable prognostic scoring system in a cohort of 1779 patients surgically treated at one institution during 1940 through 1989. Surgery (St. Louis) 1993;114:1050-1057; discussion 1057-1058.
51. Kouvaraki MA, Shapiro SE, Fornage BD, et al. Role of preoperative ultrasonography in the surgical management of patients with thyroid cancer. Surgery (St. Louis) 2003;134:946-954; discussion 954-955.
52. Grebe SK, Hay ID. Thyroid cancer nodal metastases: biologic significance and therapeutic considerations. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 1996;5:43-63.
53. Jorda M, Gonzalez-Campora R, Mora J, Herrero-Zapatero A, Otal C, Galera H. Prognostic factors in follicular carcinoma of the thyroid. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1993;117:631-635.
54. Cooper DS, Specker B, Ho M, et al. Thyrotropin suppression and disease progression in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: results from the National Thyroid Cancer Treatment Cooperative Registry. Thyroid 1998;8:737-744.
55. Toivonen J, Tahtela R, Laitinen K, Risteli J, Valimaki MJ. Markers of bone turnover in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer with and following withdrawal of thyroxine suppressive therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 1998;138:667-673.
56. Sawin CT, Geller A, Wolf PA, et al. Low serum thyrotropin concentrations as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation in older persons [see comment]. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1249-1252.
57. Thyroid Carcinoma Task Force. AACE/AAES medical/surgical guidelines for clinical practice: management of thyroid carcinoma. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. American College of Endocrinology. Endocr Pract 2001;7:202-220.
58. Hay ID, Grant CS, van Heerden JA, Goellner JR, Ebersold JR, Bergstralh EJ. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a study of 535 cases observed in a 50-year period. Surgery (St. Louis) 1992;112: 1139-1146; discussion 1146-1147.
59. Mazzaferri EL, Young RL. Papillary thyroid carcinoma: a 10 year follow-up report of the impact of therapy in 576 patients. Am J Med 1981;70:511-518.
60. DeGroot LJ, Kaplan EL, Straus FH, Shukla MS. Does the method of management of papillary thyroid carcinoma make a difference in outcome? World J Surg 1994;18:123-130.
61. Samaan NA, Schultz PN, Hickey RC, et al. The results of various modalities of treatment of well differentiated thyroid carcinomas: a retrospective review of 1599 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992;75:714-720.
62. Franklyn JA, Maisonneuve P, Sheppard M, Betteridge J, Boyle P. Cancer incidence and mortality after radioiodine treatment for hyperthyroidism: a population-based cohort study [see comment]. Lancet 1999;353:2111-2115.
63. Franklyn JA. Thyroid disease and its treatment: short- and longterm consequences. J R Coll Phys Lond 1999;33:564-567.
64. Hay ID, Bergstralh EJ, Grant CS, et al. Impact of primary surgery on outcome in 300 patients with pathologic tumor-node-metastasis stage III papillary thyroid carcinoma treated at one institution from 1940 through 1989. Surgery (St. Louis) 1999;126: 1173-1181; discussion 1181-1182.
65. Taylor T, Specker B, Robbins J, et al. Outcome after treatment of high-risk papillary and non-Hurthle-cell follicular thyroid carcinoma. Ann Intern Med 1998;129:622-627.
66. Sherman SI, Brierley JD, Sperling M, et al. Prospective multicenter study of thyroid carcinoma treatment: initial analysis of staging and outcome. National Thyroid Cancer Treatment Cooperative Study Registry Group [see comment]. Cancer (Phila) 1998;83:1012-1021.
67. Park HM, Park YH, Zhou XH. Detection of thyroid remnant/ metastasis without stunning: an ongoing dilemma. Thyroid 1997; 7:277-280.
68. Maxon MR, Smith HS. Radioactive 131I in the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic well differentiated thyroid cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 1990;19:685-718.
69. Ladenson PW, Braverman LE, Mazzaferri EL, et al. Comparison of administration of recombinant human thyrotropin with withdrawal of thyroid hormone for radioactive iodine scanning in patients with thyroid carcinoma [see comment]. N Engl J Med 1997;337:888-896.
70. Haugen BR, Pacini F, Reiners C, et al. A comparison of recombinant human thyrotropin and thyroid hormone withdrawal for the detection of thyroid remnant or cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:3877-3885.
71. Hooft L, Hoekstra OS, Deville W, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the follow-up of papillary or follicular thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:3779-3786.
72. Wang W, Macapinlac H, Larson SM, et al. [18F]-2-Fluoro-2-deoxy- D-glucose positron emission tomography localizes residual thyroid cancer in patients with negative diagnostic [131]I whole body scans and elevated serum thyroglobulin levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:2291-2302.
73. Gilliland FD, Hunt WC, Morris DM, Key CR. Prognostic factors for thyroid carcinoma. A population-based study of 15,698 cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program 1973-1991. Cancer (Phila) 1997;79:564-573.
74. McIver B, Hay ID, Giuffrida DF, et al. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: a 50-year experience at a single institution. Surgery (St. Louis) 2001;130:1028-1034.
75. Kobayashi T, Asakawa H, Umeshita K, et al. Treatment of 37 patients with anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Head Neck 1996;18:36-41.
76. Venkatesh YSS, Ordonez NG, Schultz PN, Hickey RC, Goepfert H, Samoan NA. Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Cancer (Phila) 1990;66:321-330.
77. Staunton MD. Thyroid cancer: a multivariate analysis on influence of treatment on long-term survival. Eur J Surg Oncol 1994;20:613-621.
78. van den Brekel MW, Hekkenberg RJ, Asa SL, Tomlinson G, Rosen IB, Freeman JL. Prognostic features in tall cell papillary carcinoma and insular thyroid carcinoma. Laryngoscope 1997; 107:254-259.
79. Kim JH, Leeper RD. Treatment of locally advanced thyroid carcinoma with combination doxorubicin and radiation therapy. Cancer (Phila) 1987;60:2372-2375.
80. Schlumberger M, Parmentier C, Delisle MJ, Couette JE, Droz JP, Sarrazin D. Combination therapy for anaplastic giant cell thyroid carcinoma. Cancer (Phila) 1991;67:564-566.
81. Sweeney PJ, Haraf DJ, Recant W, Kaplan EL, Vokes EE. Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Ann Oncol 1996;7:739-744.
82. Ain KB, Tofiq S, Taylor KD. Antineoplastic activity of taxol against human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:3650-3653.
83. Niccoli P, Wion-Barbot N, Caron P, et al. Interest of routine measurement of serum calcitonin: study in a large series of thyroidectomized patients. The French Medullary Study Group [see comment]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:338-341.
84. Hazard JB, Hawk WH, Creile GJ. Medullary (solid) carcinoma of the thyroid-clinicopathologic entity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1959;19:704.
85. Block MA, Jackson CE, Greenawald KA, et al. Clinical characteristics distinguishing hereditary from sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Surg 1980;115:142.
86. Apel RL, Alpert LC, Rizzo A, LiVolsi VA, Asa SL. A metastasizing composite carcinoma of the thyroid with distinct medullary and papillary components. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1994;118:1143-1147.
87. Lax SF, Beham A, Kronberger-Schonecker D, Langsteger W, Denk H. Coexistence of papillary and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland-mixed or collision tumour? Clinicopathological analysis of three cases. Virchows Arch 1994;424:441-447.
88. Moley JF. Medullary thyroid carcinoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2003;4:339-347.
89. Modigliani E, Cohen R, Campos JM, et al. Prognostic factors for survival and for biochemical cure in medullary thyroid carcinoma: results in 899 patients. The GETC Study Group. Groupe d'etude des tumeurs a calcitonine. Clin Endocrinol 1998;48: 265-273.
90. Bergholm U, Bergstrom R, Ekbom A. Long-term follow-up of patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Cancer (Phila) 1997;79:132-138.
91. Gimm O, Ukkat J, Dralle H. Determinative factors of biochemical cure after primary and reoperative surgery for sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. World J Surg 1998;22:562-567; discussion 567-568.
92. Moley JF, DeBenedetti MK. Patterns of nodal metastases in palpable medullary thyroid carcinoma: recommendations for extent of node dissection. Ann Surg 1999;229:880-887; discussion 887-888.
93. Moley JF, Debenedetti MK, Dilley WG, Tisell LE, Wells SA. Surgical management of patients with persistent or recurrent medullary thyroid cancer. J Intern Med 1998;243:521-526.
94. Skinner MA, DeBenedetti MK, Moley JF, Norton JA, Wells SA Jr. Medullary thyroid carcinoma in children with multiple endocrine neoplasia types 2A and 2B. J Pediatr Surg 1996;31: 177-181; discussion 181-182.
95. Wells SA Jr, Skinner MA. Prophylactic thyroidectomy, based on direct genetic testing, in patients at risk for the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndromes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1998;106:29-34.
96. Steinfeld AD. The role of radiation therapy in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Radiology 1977;123:745.
97. Sandelin K. Parathyroid carcinoma. Cancer Treat Res 1997;89: 183-192.
98. Sandelin K, Auer G, Bondeson L, Grimelius L, Farnebo LO. Prognostic factors in parathyroid cancer: a review of 95 cases. World J Surg 1992;16:724-731.
99. Bondeson L, Sandelin K, Grimelius L. Histopathological variables and DNA cytometry in parathyroid carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1993;17:820-829.
100. Shane E, Bilezikian JP. Parathyroid carcinoma: a review of 62 patients. Endocr Rev 1982;3:218.
101. Bilezikian JP. Management of acute hypercalcemia. N Engl J Med 1992;326:1196-1203.
102. Moley JF, Lairmore TC, Doherty GM, Brunt LM, DeBenedetti MK. Preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerves in thyroid and parathyroid reoperations. Surgery (St. Louis) 1999;126:673-677; discussion 677-679.