Peer victimization, depressive symptoms, and high salivary cortisol predict poorer memory in children

Brain and Cognition

Volumn 77, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 191-199

  Vaillancourt, Tracy ^a,b   Duku, Eric ^a,b   Becker, Suzanna ^b   Schmidt, Louis A ^b   Nicol, Jeffrey ^c   Muir, Cameron ^d   MacMillan, Harriet ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

^b MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c NIPISSING UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^d BROCK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Children; Cortisol; Depressive symptoms; Longitudinal; Memory; Peer victimization

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE;

ARTICLE; BRAIN FUNCTION; CHILD; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; HIPPOCAMPUS; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEMORY; MENTAL HEALTH; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PEER VICTIMIZATION; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SALIVA LEVEL; SCHOOL CHILD;

BULLYING; CHILD; CRIME VICTIMS; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MEMORY; MEMORY DISORDERS; MENTAL HEALTH; PEER GROUP; SALIVA;

EID: 80054067437     PISSN: 02782626     EISSN: 10902147     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.06.012     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Aimone J.B., Deng W., Gage F.H. Adult neurogenesis: integrating theories and separating functions. Trends in Cognitive Neurosciences 2010, 14:325-337.
2. Angold A., Worthman C.W. Puberty onset of gender differences in rates of depression: A developmental, epidemiologic and neuroendocrine perspective. Journal of Affective Disorders 1993, 29:145-158.
3. Appleby P.A., Wiskott L. Additive neurogenesis as a strategy for avoiding interference in a sparsely-coding dentate gyrus. Network-Computation in Neural Systems 2009, 20:137-161.
4. Arseneault L., Walsh E., Trzesniewski K., Newcombe R., Caspi A., Moffitt T.E. Bullying victimization uniquely contributes to adjustment problems in young children: A nationally representative cohort study. Pediatrics 2006, 118:130-139.
5. Becker S. A computational principle for hippocampal learning and neurogenesis. Hippocampus 2005, 15:722-738.
6. Becker S., MacQueen G., Wojtowicz J.M. Computational modeling and empirical studies of hippocampal neurogenesis dependent memory: Effects of interference, stress and depression. Brain Research 2009, 1299:45-52.
7. Becker S., Wojtowicz J.M. A model of hippocampal neurogenesis in memory and mood disorders. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2007, 11:70-76.
8. Bremner J.D., Vermetten E. Stress and development: Behavioral and biological consequences. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:473-489.
9. Buhs E.S., Ladd G.W., Herald S.L. Peer exclusion and victimization: Processes that mediate the relation between peer group rejection and children's classroom engagement and achievement?. Journal of Educational Psychology 2006, 98:1-13.
10. Burt D.B., Zembar M.J., Niederehe G. Depression and memory impairment: A meta-analysis of the association, its pattern, and specificity. Psychological Bulletin 1995, 117:285-305.
11. Campbell S., Marriott M., Nahmias C., MacQueen G.M. Lower hippocampal volume in patients suffering from depression: A meta-analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry 2004, 161:598-607.
12. Carré J., Muir C., Belanger J., Putnam S.K. Pre-competition hormonal and psychological levels of elite hockey players: Relationship to the ''home advantage''. Physiology & Behavior 2006, 89:392-398.
13. Castaneda A.E., Suvisaari J., Marttunen M., Perala J., Saarni S.I., Aalto-Setala T., et al. Cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of young adults with a history of non-psychotic unipolar depressive disorders without psychiatric comorbidity. Journal of Affective Disorders 2008, 110:36-45.
14. Chambers R.A., Conroy S.K. Network modeling of adult neurogenesis: Shifting rates of neuronal turnover optimally gears network learning according to novelty gradient. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2007, 19:1-12.
15. Clelland C.D., Choi M., Romberg C., Clemenson G.D., Fragniere A., Tyers P., et al. A functional role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in spatial pattern separation. Science 2009, 325:210-213.
16. Delis D.C., Kramer J.H., Kaplan E., Ober B.A. California verbal learning Test-Children's Version 1994, The psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX.
17. Dupret D., Revest J.M., Koehl M., Ichas F., De Giorgi F., Costet P., et al. Spatial relational memory requires hippocampal adult neurogenesis. PLoS ONE 2008, 3:e1959.
18. Elliott R., Sahakian B.J., McKay A.P., Herrod J.J., Robbins T.W., Paykel E.S. Neuropsychological impairments in unipolar depression: The influence of perceived failure on subsequent performance. Psychological Medicine 1996, 26:975-989.
19. Fisher P.A., Stoolmiller M., Gunnar M., Burraston B.O. Effects if therapeutic intervention for foster preschoolers on diurnal cortisol activity. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007, 32:892-905.
20. Garthe J.B., Kempermann G. Adult-generated hippocampal neurons allow the flexible use of spatially precise learning strategies. PLoS ONE 2009, 4:e5464.
21. Gold P.W., Goodwin F.K., Chrousos J.P. Clinical and biochemical manifestations of depression. New England Journal of Medicine 1988, 319:413-420.
22. Gomez R.G., Posener J.A., Keller J., DeBattista C., Solvason B., Schatzberg A.F. Effects of major depression diagnosis and cortisol levels on indices of neurocognitive function. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009, 34:1012-1018.
23. Goodyer I.M., Herbert J., Altham P.M.E. Adrenal steroid secretion and major depression in 8- to 16-year-olds, III. Influence of cortisol/DHEA ratio at presentation on subsequent rates of disappointing life events and persistent major depression. Psychological Medicine 1998, 28:265-273.
24. Grant M.M., Thase M.E., Sweeney J.A. Cognitive disturbance in outpatient depressed younger adults: Evidence of modest impairment. Biological Psychiatry 2001, 50:35-43.
25. Hawker D.S.J., Boulton M.J. Twenty years' research on peer victimization and psychosocial maladjustment: A meta-analytic review of cross-sectional studies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 2000, 41:441-455.
26. Hinkelmann K., Moritz S., Botzenhardt J., Riedesel K., Wiedemann K., Kellner M., et al. Cognitive impairment in major depression: Association with salivary cortisol. Biological Psychiatry 2009, 66:879-885.
27. Johnson S.C., Saykin A.J., Flashman L.A., McAllister T.W., Sparling M.B. Brain activation on fMRI and verbal memory ability: Functional neuroanatomic correlates of CVLT performance. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2001, 7:55-62.
28. Kliewer W. Violence exposure and cortisol responses in urban youth. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 2006, 13:109-120.
29. Knack J., Jensen-Campbell L.A., Baum A. Worse than sticks and stones? Bullying is associated with altered HPA axis functioning and poorer health. Brain and Cognition 2010.
30. Kovacs M. Children's depression inventory: Technical manual update 2001, Multi-Health Systems, New York.
31. Kronmuller K.T., Pantel J., Kohler S., Victor D., Giesel F., Magnotta V.A., et al. Hippocampal volume and 2-year outcome in depression. British Journal of Psychiatry 2008, 192:472-473.
32. Kudielka B.M., Broderick J.E., Kirschbaum C. Compliance with saliva sampling protocols: Electronic monitoring reveals invalid cortisol daytime profiles in noncompliant subjects. Psychosomatic Medicine 2003, 65:313-319.
33. Lopez-Duran N.L., Kovacs M., George C.J. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation in depressed children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009, 34:1272-1283.
34. Luethi M., Meier B., Sandi C. Stress effects on working memory, explicit memory, and implicit memory for neutral and emotional stimuli in healthy men. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 2010, 4:12-20.
35. Lupien S.J., DeLeon M., DeSanti S., Convit A., Tarshish C., Nair N.P.V., et al. Longitudinal increase in cortisol during human aging predicts hippocampal atrophy and memory deficits. Nature Neuroscience 1998, 1:69-73.
36. Lupien S.J., Fiocco A., Wan N., Maheu F., Lord C., Scramek T., et al. Stress hormones and human memory function across the lifespan. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005, 30:225-242.
37. Maciejewski P.K., Prigerson H.G., Mazure C.M. Sex differences in event-related risk for major depression. Psychological Medicine 2001, 31:593-604.
38. MacQueen G.M., Campbell S., McEwen B.S., Macdonald K., Amano S., Joffe R.T., et al. Course of illness, hippocampal function, and hippocampal volume in major depression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2003, 100:1387-1392.
39. MacQueen G.M., Yucel K., Taylor V.H., Macdonald K., Joffe R. Posterior hippocampal volumes are associated with remission rates in patients with major depressive disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2008, 64:880-883.
40. Matthews K., Coghill D., Rhodes S. Neuropsychological functioning in depressed adolescent girls. Journal of Affective Disorders 2008, 111:113-118.
41. Michopoulos I., Zervas I.M., Pantelis C., Tsaltas E., Papakosta V.M., Boufidou F., et al. Neuropsychological and hypothalamic-pituitary-axis function in female patients with melancholic and non-melancholic depression. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 2008, 258:217-225.
42. Miller G.E., Chen E., Zhou E.S. If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans. Psychological Bulletin 2007, 133:25-45.
43. Munro C., Stabenfeldt G. Development of a cortisol enzyme immunoassay in plasma. Clinical Chemistry 1985, 31:956.
44. O'Jile J.R., Schrimsher G.W., O'Bryant S.E. The relation of self-report of mood and anxiety to CVLT-C, CVLT, and CVLT-2 in a psychiatric sample. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 2005, 20:547-553.
45. Olweus D. Sweden. The nature of school bullying: A cross-national perspective 1999, 2-27. Routledge, London and New York. P.K. Smith, Y. Morita, J. Junger-Tas, D. Olweus, R. Catalano, P. Slee (Eds.).
46. Owen A.M., Sahakian B.J., Semple J., Polkey C.E., Robbins T.W. Visuo-spatial short-term recognition memory and learning after temporal lobe excisions, frontal lobe excisions or amygdalo-hippocampectomy in man. Neuropsychologia 1995, 33:1-24.
47. Pepler D.J., Craig W.M., Connolly J.A., Yuile A., McMaster L., Jiang D. A developmental perspective on bullying. Aggressive Behavior 2006, 32:376-384.
48. Rudolph K.D., Troop-Gordon W., Granger D. Individual differences in biological stress responses moderate the contribution of early peer victimization to subsequent depressive symptoms. Psychopharmacology 2011, 241:209-219.
49. Sapolsky R.M., Romero L.M., Munck A.U. How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions. Endocrine Reviews 2000, 21:55-89.
50. Saxbe D.E. A field (researcher's) guide to cortisol: Tracking HPA axis functioning in everyday life. Health Psychology Review 2008, 2:163-190.
51. Shea A., Walsh C., MacMillan H., Steiner M. Child maltreatment and HPA axis dysregulation: Relationship to major depressive disorder and post traumatic stress disorder in females. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005, 30:162-178.
52. Shors T.J., Miesegaes G., Beylin A., Zhao M.R., Rydel T., Gould E. Neurogenesis in the adult is involved in the formation of trace memories. Nature 2001, 41:372-376.
53. Snyder J.S., Hong N.S., McDonald R.J., Wojtowicz J.M. A role for adult neurogenesis in spatial long-term memory. Journal of Neuroscience 2005, 130:843-852.
54. Solberg M.E., Olweus D. Prevalence estimation of school bullying with the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. Aggressive Behavior 2003, 29:239-268.
55. Sweeting H., Young R., West P., Der G. Peer victimization and depression in early-mid adolescence. A longitudinal study. British Journal of Educational Psychology 2006, 76:577-594.
56. Tanapat P., Galea L.A., Gould E. Stress inhibits the proliferation of granule cell precursors in the developing dentate gyrus. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 1998, 16:235-239.
57. Teicher M.H., Samson J.A., Sheu Y-S., Polcari A., McGreenery C.E. Hurtful words: Association of exposure to peer verbal abuse with elevated psychiatric symptom scores and corpos callosum abnormalities. American Journal of Psychiatry 2010, 167:1464-1471.
58. UNICEF (2007). Child poverty in perspective: A comprehensive assessment of the lives and well-being of children and adolescents in the economically advanced nations. UNICEF Innocenti Report Card 7. UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, Florence.
59. Vaillancourt T., Brittain H., Bennett L., Arnocky S., McDougall P., Hymel S., et al. Places to avoid: population-based study of student reports of unsafe and high bullying areas at school. Canadian Journal of School Psychology 2010, 25:40-54.
60. Vaillancourt T., Clinton J., McDougall P., Schmidt L., Hymel S. The neurobiology of peer victimization and rejection. The handbook of bullying in schools: An international perspective 2010, 293-327. Routledge, New York. S.R. Jimerson, S.M. Swearer, D.L. Espelage (Eds.).
61. Vaillancourt T., Duku E., deCatanzaro D., MacMillan H., Muir C., Schmidt L.A. Variation in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity among bullied and non-bullied children. Aggressive Behavior 2008, 34:294-305.
62. Vaillancourt T., Trinh V., McDougall P., Duku E., Cunningham L., Cunningham C., et al. Optimizing population screening of bullying in school-aged children. Journal of School Violence 2010, 9:233-250.
63. Van Praag H., Kempermann G., Gage F.H. Neural consequences of environmental enrichment. Nature Review Neuroscience 2000, 1:191-198.
64. Winocur G., Wojtowicz J.M., Sekeres M., Snyder J.S., Wang S. Inhibition of neurogenesis interferes with hippocampus-dependent memory function. Hippocampus 2006, 16:296-304.
65. Wolf O.T. HPA axis and memory. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2003, 17:287-299.