The impact of therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia on intelligence quotients; Results of the risk-stratified randomized central nervous system treatment trial MRC UKALL XI

Journal of Hematology and Oncology

Volumn 4, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Halsey, Christina ^a,b   Buck, Georgina ^c   Richards, Sue ^c   Vargha Khadem, Faraneh ^d   Hill, Frank ^e   Gibson, Brenda ^a  

^a ROYAL HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^c CLINICAL TRIAL SERVICE UNIT   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^e BIRMINGHAM CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; central nervous system; cranial radiotherapy; IQ; methotrexate; morbidity; neuropsychometric; paediatric

Indexed keywords

METHOTREXATE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT;

ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ARTICLE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG DOSAGE FORM COMPARISON; DRUG MEGADOSE; FEMALE; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORBIDITY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SKULL IRRADIATION; STRATIFIED SAMPLE; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMOR; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFECT; INFANT; INTELLIGENCE;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM NEOPLASMS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; INTELLIGENCE; MALE; METHOTREXATE; PRECURSOR CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA;

EID: 80053924320     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17568722     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-4-42     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pui CH, Evans WE, N Engl J Med 2006 354 2 166 178 10.1056/NEJMra052603 16407512 (Pubitemid 43076714)
2. Minimal neuropsychological sequelae following prophylactic treatment of the central nervous system in adult leukaemia and lymphoma. Tucker J, Prior PF, Green CR, Ede GM, Stevenson JF, Gawler J, Jamal GA, Charlesworth M, Thakkar CM, Patel P, et al. Br J Cancer 1989 60 5 775 780 10.1038/bjc.1989.358 2508738 (Pubitemid 19275749)
3. Mapping changes in the human cortex throughout the span of life. Sowell ER, Thompson PM, Toga AW, Neuroscientist 2004 10 4 372 392 10.1177/ 1073858404263960 15271264 (Pubitemid 38971216)
4. Declines in IQ scores and cognitive dysfunctions in children with acute lymphocytic leukaemia treated with cranial irradiation. Meadows AT, Gordon J, Massari DJ, Littman P, Fergusson J, Moss K, Lancet 1981 2 8254 1015 1018 6118478 (Pubitemid 11027578)
5. Cognitive effects of cranial irradiation in leukaemia: a survey and meta-analysis. Cousens P, Waters B, Said J, Stevens M, J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1988 29 6 839 852 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00757.x 3069852
6. The neurodevelopmental sequelae of childhood leukaemia and its treatment. Temming P, Jenney ME, Arch Dis Child 2010 95 11 936 940 10.1136/adc.2008.153809 20980277
7. Comprehensive handbook of childhood cancer and sickle cell disease: a biopsychosocial approach. Brown RT, Oxford: Oxford University Press 2006
8. Neuropsychological effects of central nervous system prophylactic treatment in childhood leukemia: methodological considerations. Butler RW, Copeland DR, J Pediatr Psychol 1993 18 3 319 338 10.1093/jpepsy/18.3.319 8340842 (Pubitemid 23197288)
9. Central nervous system-directed therapy in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and studies of neurobehavioral outcome: Children's Cancer Group trials. Kaleita TA, Curr Oncol Rep 2002 4 2 131 141 10.1007/s11912-002-0074-3 11822985
10. Intellectual performance after presymptomatic cranial radiotherapy for leukaemia: effects of age and sex. Christie D, Leiper AD, Chessells JM, Vargha-Khadem F, Arch Dis Child 1995 73 2 136 140 10.1136/adc.73.2.136 7574857
11. Academic career after treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Kingma A, Rammeloo LA, van Der Does-van den Berg A, Rekers-Mombarg L, Postma A, Arch Dis Child 2000 82 5 353 357 10.1136/adc.82.5.353 10799421 (Pubitemid 30307760)
12. Very high-dose methotrexate (33.6 g/m(2)) as central nervous system preventive therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of National Cancer Institute/Children's Cancer Group trials CCG-191P, CCG-134P and CCG-144P. Nathan PC, Whitcomb T, Wolters PL, Steinberg SM, Balis FM, Brouwers P, Hunsberger S, Feusner J, Sather H, Miser J, et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2006 47 12 2488 2504 10.1080/10428190600942769 17169794 (Pubitemid 44932641)
13. Effects of different forms of central nervous system prophylaxis on neuropsychologic function in childhood leukemia. Rowland JH, Glidewell OJ, Sibley RF, Holland JC, Tull R, Berman A, Brecher ML, Harris M, Glicksman AS, Forman E, et al. J Clin Oncol 1984 2 12 1327 1335 6595350 (Pubitemid 15179533)
14. Cognitive and academic outcome following cranial irradiation and chemotherapy in children: a longitudinal study. Anderson VA, Godber T, Smibert E, Weiskop S, Ekert H, Br J Cancer 2000 82 2 255 262 10646874 (Pubitemid 30045367)
15. Neuropsychologic effects of cranial irradiation, intrathecal methotrexate, and systemic methotrexate in childhood cancer. Butler RW, Hill JM, Steinherz PG, Meyers PA, Finlay JL, J Clin Oncol 1994 12 12 2621 2629 7989937 (Pubitemid 24379648)
16. No major cognitive impairment in young children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia using chemotherapy only: a prospective longitudinal study. Kingma A, Van Dommelen RI, Mooyaart EL, Wilmink JT, Deelman BG, Kamps WA, J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2002 24 2 106 114 10.1097/00043426-200202000-00010 11990695 (Pubitemid 34150549)
17. Almost normal cognitive function in patients during therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia without cranial irradiation according to ALL-BFM 95 and COALL 06-97 protocols: results of an Austrian-German multicenter longitudinal study and implications for follow-up. Krappmann P, Paulides M, Stohr W, Ittner E, Plattig B, Nickel P, Lackner H, Schrappe M, Janka G, Beck JD, et al. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2007 24 2 101 109 10.1080/08880010601123281 17454775 (Pubitemid 46594597)
18. Comparison of long-term neurocognitive outcomes in young children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with cranial radiation or high-dose or very high-dose intravenous methotrexate. Spiegler BJ, Kennedy K, Maze R, Greenberg ML, Weitzman S, Hitzler JK, Nathan PC, J Clin Oncol 2006 24 24 3858 3864 10.1200/JCO.2006.05.9055 16921038 (Pubitemid 46630732)
19. Cognitive changes in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia with chemotherapy only according to the Pediatric Oncology Group 9605 protocol. Montour-Proulx I, Kuehn SM, Keene DL, Barrowman NJ, Hsu E, Matzinger MA, Dunlap H, Halton JM, J Child Neurol 2005 20 2 129 133 10.1177/08830738050200020901 15794179 (Pubitemid 40484853)
20. A meta-analysis of the neuropsychological sequelae of chemotherapy-only treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Peterson CC, Johnson CE, Ramirez LY, Huestis S, Pai AL, Demaree HA, Drotar D, Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008 51 1 99 104 10.1002/pbc.21544 18322925 (Pubitemid 351717398)
21. A meta-analysis of the neurocognitive sequelae of treatment for childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. Campbell LK, Scaduto M, Sharp W, Dufton L, Van Slyke D, Whitlock JA, Compas B, Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007 49 1 65 73 10.1002/pbc.20860 16628558 (Pubitemid 46847070)
22. The vulnerable preschool child: the impact of biomedical and social risks on neurodevelopmental function. Msall ME, Bier JA, LaGasse L, Tremont M, Lester B, Semin Pediatr Neurol 1998 5 1 52 61 10.1016/S1071-9091(98)80019-3 9548642 (Pubitemid 28146590)
23. Influence of age, sex, and concurrent intrathecal methotrexate therapy on intellectual function after cranial irradiation during childhood: a report from the Children's Cancer Study Group. Bleyer WA, Fallavollita J, Robison L, Balsom W, Meadows A, Heyn R, Sitarz A, Ortega J, Miller D, Constine L, et al. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1990 7 4 329 338 10.3109/08880019009033410 2268533 (Pubitemid 20376681)
24. Association of 1800 cGy cranial irradiation with intellectual function in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. ISPACC. International Study Group on Psychosocial Aspects of Childhood Cancer. Jankovic M, Brouwers P, Valsecchi MG, Van Veldhuizen A, Huisman J, Kamphuis R, Kingma A, Mor W, Van Dongen-Melman J, Ferronato L, et al. Lancet 1994 344 8917 224 227 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92997- 1 7913156 (Pubitemid 24229009)
25. The relationship of sex and treatment modality to neuropsychologic outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Waber DP, Tarbell NJ, Kahn CM, Gelber RD, Sallan SE, J Clin Oncol 1992 10 5 810 817 1569453
26. A prospective comparison of neuropsychologic performance of children surviving leukemia who received 18-Gy, 24-Gy, or no cranial irradiation. Mulhern RK, Fairclough D, Ochs J, J Clin Oncol 1991 9 8 1348 1356 2072138
27. Successful treatment without cranial radiotherapy of children receiving intensified chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: results of the risk-stratified randomized central nervous system treatment trial MRC UKALL XI (ISRC TN 16757172). Hill FG, Richards S, Gibson B, Hann I, Lilleyman J, Kinsey S, Mitchell C, Harrison CJ, Eden OB, Br J Haematol 2004 124 1 33 46 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04738.x 14675406 (Pubitemid 38021621)
28. Neuropsychological outcomes from a randomized trial of triple intrathecal chemotherapy compared with 18 Gy cranial radiation as CNS treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: findings from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium Protocol 95-01. Waber DP, Turek J, Catania L, Stevenson K, Robaey P, Romero I, Adams H, Alyman C, Jandet-Brunet C, Neuberg DS, et al. J Clin Oncol 2007 25 31 4914 4921 10.1200/JCO.2007.10.8464 17971588 (Pubitemid 350220422)
29. A comparative study of the long term psychosocial functioning of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors treated by intrathecal methotrexate with or without cranial radiation. Hill JM, Kornblith AB, Jones D, Freeman A, Holland JF, Glicksman AS, Boyett JM, Lenherr B, Brecher ML, Dubowy R, et al. Cancer 1998 82 1 208 218 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19980101)82:1<208:: AID-CNCR26>3.0.CO;2-5 9428499 (Pubitemid 28070499)
30. Neuropsychological effects of cranial irradiation in young children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia 9 months after diagnosis. The Children's Cancer Group. MacLean WE Jr, Noll RB, Stehbens JA, Kaleita TA, Schwartz E, Whitt JK, Cantor NL, Waskerwitz M, Ruymann F, Novak LJ, et al. Arch Neurol 1995 52 2 156 160 7848124
31. Cerebral pathology and neuropsychological effects. Differential effects of cranial radiation as a function of age. Dowell RE Jr, Copeland DR, Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1987 9 1 68 72 10.1097/00043426-198721000-00012 3296824 (Pubitemid 17038777)
32. Intellectual and academic achievement status after CNS relapse: a retrospective analysis of 40 children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mulhern RK, Ochs J, Fairclough D, Wasserman AL, Davis KS, Williams JM, J Clin Oncol 1987 5 6 933 940 3473185 (Pubitemid 17120000)
33. Comparison of neuropsychologic functioning and clinical indicators of neurotoxicity in long-term survivors of childhood leukemia given cranial radiation or parenteral methotrexate: a prospective study. Ochs J, Mulhern R, Fairclough D, Parvey L, Whitaker J, Ch'ien L, Mauer A, Simone J, J Clin Oncol 1991 9 1 145 151 1985164
34. Interactions of steroid, methotrexate, and radiation determine neurotoxicity in an animal model to study therapy for childhood leukemia. Mullenix PJ, Kernan WJ, Schunior A, Howes A, Waber DP, Sallan SE, Tarbell NJ, Pediatr Res 1994 35 2 171 178 8165051 (Pubitemid 24039144)
35. Cognitive sequelae of treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: cranial radiation requires an accomplice. Waber DP, Tarbell NJ, Fairclough D, Atmore K, Castro R, Isquith P, Lussier F, Romero I, Carpenter PJ, Schiller M, et al. J Clin Oncol 1995 13 10 2490 2496 7595698
36. Cognitive and academic late effects among children previously treated for acute lymphocytic leukemia receiving chemotherapy as CNS prophylaxis. Brown RT, Madan-Swain A, Walco GA, Cherrick I, Ievers CE, Conte PM, Vega R, Bell B, Lauer SJ, J Pediatr Psychol 1998 23 5 333 340 10.1093/jpepsy/23.5.333 9782681 (Pubitemid 28432425)
37. Neuropsychological, neuroanatomical, and neurophysiological consequences of CNS chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Moleski M, Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2000 15 7 603 630 14590198
38. Neuropsychological sequelae of childhood cancer in long-term survivors. Copeland DR, Fletcher JM, Pfefferbaum-Levine B, Jaffe N, Ried H, Maor M, Pediatrics 1985 75 4 745 753 3838584 (Pubitemid 15079531)
39. Methotrexate-induced subacute neurotoxicity in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia carrying genetic polymorphisms related to folate homeostasis. Vagace JM, Caceres-Marzal C, Jimenez M, Casado MS, de Murillo SG, Gervasini G, Am J Hematol 2011 86 1 98 101 10.1002/ajh.21897 21064136
40. Quantitative MRI assessment of leukoencephalopathy. Reddick WE, Glass JO, Langston JW, Helton KJ, Magn Reson Med 2002 47 5 912 920 10.1002/mrm.10124 11979570 (Pubitemid 34454049)
41. Working memory in survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia: functional neuroimaging analyses. Robinson KE, Livesay KL, Campbell LK, Scaduto M, Cannistraci CJ, Anderson AW, Whitlock JA, Compas BE, Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010 54 4 585 590 19953649
42. Cognitive sequelae in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia with dexamethasone or prednisone. Waber DP, Carpentieri SC, Klar N, Silverman LB, Schwenn M, Hurwitz CA, Mullenix PJ, Tarbell NJ, Sallan SE, J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2000 22 3 206 213 10.1097/00043426-200005000-00004 10864051 (Pubitemid 32268304)
43. Elevation of homocysteine and excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters in the CSF of children who receive methotrexate for the treatment of cancer. Quinn CT, Griener JC, Bottiglieri T, Hyland K, Farrow A, Kamen BA, J Clin Oncol 1997 15 8 2800 2806 9256122 (Pubitemid 27330006)
44. Intelligence quotient pattern over age: comparisons among siblings and parent-child pairs. McCall RB, Science 1970 170 958 644 648 10.1126/science.170. 3958.644 5470723
45. Deterioration of intellect among children surviving leukemia: IQ test changes modify estimates of treatment toxicity. Mulhern RK, Ochs J, Fairclough D, J Consult Clin Psychol 1992 60 3 477 480 1619103
46. Analytic implications of changing neuropsychological test versions during a longitudinal study because of aging in a pediatric cohort. Usner D, FitzGerald G, Control Clin Trials 1999 20 5 476 478 10503807 (Pubitemid 29460924)
47. Test-retest gains in WAIS scores after four retest intervals. Catron DW, Thompson CC, J Clin Psychol 1979 35 2 352 357 10.1002/1097-4679(197904)35: 2<352::AID-JCLP2270350226>3.0.CO;2-2 457898 (Pubitemid 9183067)
48. The Flynn effect and its relevance to neuropsychology. Hiscock M, J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2007 29 5 514 529 10.1080/13803390600813841 17564917 (Pubitemid 46918935)