Sources and variability of inhalable road dust particles in three European cities

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 45, Issue 37, 2011, Pages 6777-6787

  Amato, F ^a   Pandolfi, M ^a   Moreno, T ^a   Furger, M ^b   Pey, J ^a   Alastuey, A ^a   Bukowiecki, N ^b   Prevot, A S H ^b   Baltensperger, U ^b   Querol, X ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND WATER RESEARCH   (Spain)

^b PAUL SCHERRER INSTITUTE   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Emissions; Mineralogy; Non exhaust; PM10; PMF; Source apportionment; Traffic

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION MODELS; BARCELONA; EMISSION FACTORS; EMISSION SOURCES; GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE; LARGE CITIES; MASS LOADINGS; NON-EXHAUST; ONE-FACTOR; PM10; PMF; POLLUTED SITES; POPULATION EXPOSURE; RE-SUSPENSION; ROAD DUSTS; ROAD SURFACES; ROAD TRAFFIC; ROAD WEAR; SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE; SMALL SCALE; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; TIRE WEAR; TRAFFIC CONDITIONS; TRAFFIC-RELATED; TRAFFIC-RELATED AIR POLLUTION; URBAN ENVIRONMENTS;

AIR POLLUTION; ANTIMONY; BARIUM; BISMUTH; CESIUM; CHEMICAL PROPERTIES; CHROMIUM; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; DUST; HIGHWAY TRAFFIC CONTROL; LEAD; LOADING; MANGANESE; MINERALOGY; MINERALS; MOLYBDENUM; PARTICULATE EMISSIONS; TELECOMMUNICATION TRAFFIC; TIN; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

ROADS AND STREETS;

ANTIMONY; BARIUM; BISMUTH; CARBON; CESIUM; CHROMIUM; COPPER; IRON; LEAD; MANGANESE; MINERAL; MOLYBDENUM; TIN; TUNGSTEN; ZINC;

ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; CHEMICAL PROPERTY; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DISPERSION; DUST; EMISSION INVENTORY; MINERALOGY; POLLUTANT SOURCE; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; RESUSPENSION; ROAD; TRAFFIC EMISSION; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; URBAN AREA; URBAN ATMOSPHERE;

ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; DUST; EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; EXHAUST GAS; MOTOR VEHICLE TIRE; PARTICLE RESUSPENSION; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPAIN; SWITZERLAND; URBAN AREA;

EUROPE;

EID: 80053902119     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: 18732844     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.06.003     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Adachi K., Tainosho Y. Characterization of heavy metal particles embedded in tire dust. Environment International 2004, 30:1009-1017.
2. Alley W.M., Smith P.E. Estimation of accumulation parameters for urban runoff quality modelling. Water Resources Research 1981, 17:1657-1664.
3. Amato F., Pandolfi M., Escrig A., Querol X., Alastuey A., Pey J., Perez N., Hopke P.K. Quantifying road dust resuspension in urban environment by multilinear engine: a comparison with PMF2. Atmospheric Environment 2009, 43(17):2770-2780.
4. Amato F., Pandolfi M., Viana M., Querol X., Alastuey A., Moreno T. Spatial and chemical patterns of PM10 in road dust deposited in urban environment. Atmospheric Environment 2009, 43(9):1650-1659.
5. Amato F., Nava S., Lucarelli F., Querol X., Alastuey A., Baldasano J.M., Pandolfi M. A comprehensive assessment of PM emissions from paved roads: real-world emission factors and intense street cleaning trials. Science of the Total Environment 2010, 408(20):4309-4318.
6. Anttila P., Paatero P., Tapper U., Järvinen O. Source identification of bulk wet deposition, in Finland by positive matrix factorization. Atmospheric Environment 1995, 29:1705-1718.
7. Ashbaugh L., Chang D., Flocchini R.G., Carvacho O.F., James T.A., Matsumara R.T. Traffic Generated PM10 'HotSpots'. Air Quality Group, Crocker Nuclear Laboratory August 1996, University of California, Davis.
8. Birch M.E., Cary R.A. Elemental carbon-based method for monitoring occupational exposures to particulate diesel exhaust. Aerosol Science and Technology 1996, 25:221-241.
9. Brunekreef B., Holgate S.T. Air pollution and health. Lancet 2002, 360(9341):1233-1242.
10. Brunekreef B., Forsberg B. Epidemiological evidence of effects of coarse airborne particles on health. European Respiratory Journal 2005, 26(2):309-318.
11. Bukowiecki N., Lienemann P., Hill M., Furger M., Richard A., Amato F., Prévôt A.S.H., Baltensperger U., Buchmann B., Gehrig R. PM10 emission factors for non-exhaust particles generated by road traffic in an urban street canyon and along a freeway in Switzerland. Atmospheric Environment 2010, 44(19):2330-2340.
12. Bukowiecki N., Lienemann P., Hill M., Figi R., Richard A., Furger M., Rickers K., Falkenberg G., Zhao Y., Cliff S.S., Prevot A.S.H., Baltensperger U., Buchmann B., Gehrig R. Real-world emission factors for antimony and other brake wear related trace elements: size-segregated values for light and heavy duty vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology 2009, 43(21):8072-8078.
13. Cheng M.D., Hopke P.K. Investigation on the use of chemical mass balance receptor model: numerical computations. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 1986, 1(1):33-44.
14. Chow J.C., Watson J.G., Kuhns H., Etyemezian V., Lowenthal D.H., Crow D., Kohl S.D., Engelbrecht J.P., Green M.C. Source profiles for industrial, mobile, and area sources in the big bend regional aerosol visibility and observational study. Chemosphere 2004, 54:185-208.
15. Council Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 may 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe. Official Journal of the European Union 11.6.2008, L 152:1-44.
16. Council Directive 2007/715/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information.
17. Council Directive 2002/51/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 July 2002 on the reduction of the level of pollutant emissions from two- and three-wheel motor vehicles and amending Directive 97/24/EC.
18. Dockery D.W., Pope C.A., Xu X., Spengler J.D., Ware J.H., Fay M.E., Ferris B.G., Speizer F.E. An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities. New England Journal of Medicine 1993, 329(24):1753-1759.
19. Dockery D.W., Pope C.A. Acute respiratory effects of particulate air pollution. Annual Review of Public Health 1994, 15:107-132.
20. Reporting on Ambient Air Quality Assessment in the EU Member States December 2010, EEA, 2008ETC/ACC Technical Paper 2010/11.
21. Escrig A., Monfort E., Celades I., Querol X., Amato F., Minguillón M.C., Hopke P.K. Application of optimally scaled target factor analysis for assessing source contribution of ambient PM10 in a complex industrial emissions scenario. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2009, 59(11):1296-1307.
22. Fujiwara F., Jiménez Rebagliati R., Dawidowski L., Gómez D., Polla G., Pereyra V., Smichowski P. Spatial and chemical patterns of size fractionated road dust collected in a megacitiy. Atmospheric Environment 2011, 45:1497-1505.
23. Gehrig R., Zeyer K., Bukowiecki N., Lienemann P., Poulikakos L.D., Furger M., Buchmann B. Mobile load simulators - a tool to distinguish between the emissions due to abrasion and resuspension of PM10 from road surfaces. Atmospheric Environment 2010, 44(38):4937-4943.
24. Gietl J., Lawrence R., Thorpe A., Harrison R. Identification of brake wear particles and derivation of a quantitative tracer for brake dust at a major road. Atmospheric Environment 2010, 44:141-146.
25. Grottker M. Runoff quality from a street with medium traffic loading. Science of the Total Environment 1987, 59:457-466.
26. Gustafsson M., Blomqvist G., Gudmundsson A., Dahl A., Jonsson P., Swietlicki E. Factors influencing PM10 emissions from road pavement wear. Atmospheric Environment 2009, 43(31):4699-4702.
27. Hall M.J., Hamilton R.S. Highway runoff transport modelling. Highway Pollution 1991, 131-164. Elsevier. R.S. Hamilton, R.M. Harrison (Eds.).
28. Han L., Zhuang G., Cheng S., Wang Y., Li J. Characteristics of re-suspended road dust and its impact on the atmospheric environment in Beijing. Atmospheric Environment 2007, 41(35):7485-7499.
29. Harrison R.M., Stedman J., Derwent D. Why are PM10 concentrations in europe not falling? new directions, atmospheric science perspectives special series. Atmospheric Environment 2008, 42:603-606.
30. Ho K.F., Lee S.C., Chow J.C., Watson J.G. Characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 source profiles for fugitive dust in Hong Kong. Atmospheric Environment 2003, 37:1023-1032.
31. Hoek G., Brunekreef B., Goldbohm S., Fischer P., van den Brandt P.A. Association between mortality and indicators of traffic-related air pollution in the Netherlands: a cohort study. The Lancet 2002, 360:1203-1209.
32. Hopke P.K., Song X.-H. The chemical mass balance as a multivariate calibration problem. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 1997, 37(1):5-14.
33. Hueglin C., Gehrig R., Baltensperger U., Gysel M., Monn C., Vonmont H. Chemical characterisation of PM2.5, PM10 and coarse particles at urban, near-city and rural sites in Switzerland. Atmospheric Environment 2005, 39(4):637-651.
34. Antimony trioxide and antimony trisulfide. IARC Monographs 1989, 291. IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer), IARC, Lyon, France. IARC (Ed.).
35. Iijima A., Sato K., Yano K., Tago H., Kato M., Kimura H., Furuta N. Particle size and composition distribution analysis of automotive brake abrasion dusts for the evaluation of Sb sources of airborne particulate matter. Atmospheric Environment 2007, 41:4908-4919.
36. Kantamaneni R., Adams G., Bamesberger L., Allwine E., Westberg H., Lamb B., Claiborn C. The measurement of roadway PM10 emission rates using atmospheric tracer ratio techniques. Atmospheric Environment 1996, 30(24):4209-4223.
37. Kupiainen K., Tervahattu H., Raisanen M. Experimental studies about the impact of traction sand on urban road dust composition. Science of the Total Environment 2003, 308(1-3):175-184.
38. Kupiainen K., Tervahattu H. The effect of traction sanding on urban suspended particles in Finland. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2004, 93(1-3):287-300.
39. Kupiainen K.J., Tervahattu H., Raisanen M., Makela T., Aurela M., Hillamo R. Size and composition of airborne particles from pavement wear, tires, and traction sanding. Environmental Science and Technology 2005, 39(3):699-706.
40. Manno E., Varrica D., Dongarrà G. Metal distribution in road dust samples collected in an urban area close to a petrochemical plant at Gela, Sicily. Atmospheric Environment 2006, 40:5929-5941.
41. McKenzie E., Money J., Green P., Young T. Metals associated with stormwater-relevant brake and tire samples. Science of the Total Environment 2009, 407:5855-5860.
42. Nicholson K.W., Branson J.R. Factors affecting resuspension by road traffic. Science of the Total Environment 1990, 93:349-358.
43. Nicholson K.W. The dry deposition of small particles: a review of experimental measurements. Atmospheric Environment 1988, 22(12):2653-2666.
44. Omstedt G., Bringfelt B., Johansson C. A model for vehicle-induced non-tailpipe emissions of particles along Swedish roads. Atmospheric Environment 2005, 39(33):6088-6097.
45. Paatero P. The multilinear engine: a table-driven least squares program for solving multilinear problems, including the n-way parallel factor analysis model. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 1999, 8:854-888.
46. Paatero P., Hopke P.K. Discarding or downweighting high-noisevariables in factor analytic models. Analytica Chimica Acta 2003, 490(1-2, 25):277-289.
47. Paatero P., Tapper U. Positive matrix factorization: a non-negative factor model with optimal utilization of error estimates of data values. Environmetrics 1994, 5:111-126.
48. Perez N., Pey J., Querol X., Alastuey A., López J.M., Viana M. Partitioning of major and trace components in PM10-PM2.5-PM1 at an urban site in Southern Europe. Atmospheric Environment 2008, 42:1677-1691.
49. Peters A., Dockery D.W., Muller J.E., Mittleman M.A. Increased particulate air pollution and the triggering of myocardial infarction. Circulation 2001, 103(23):2810-2815.
50. Pey J., Querol X., Alastuey A. Discriminating the regional and urban contributions in the North-Western Mediterranean: PM levels and composition. Atmospheric Environment 2010, 44:1587-1596.
51. Pitt R.E. Demonstration of Non-point Pollution Abatement through Improved Street Cleaning Practices 1979, EPA-600/2-79-161.
52. Pope C.A., Dockery D.W. Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: Lines that connect. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association 2006, 56(6):709-742.
53. Querol X., Alastuey A., Rodríguez S., Plana F., Ruiz C.R., Cots N., Massagué G., Puig O. PM10 and PM2.5 source apportionment in the Barcelona metropolitan area, Catalonia, Spain. Atmospheric Environment 2001, 35:6407-6419.
54. Querol X., Alastuey A., Rodríguez S., Plana F., Mantilla E., Ruiz C.R. Monitoring of PM10 and PM2.5 around primary particulate anthropogenic emission sources. Atmospheric Environment 2001, 35:845-858.
55. Querol X., Alastuey A., Ruiz C.R., Artiñano B., Hansson H.C., Harrison R.M., Buringh E., ten Brink H.M., Lutz M., Bruckmann P., Straehl P., Schneider J. Speciation and origin of PM10 and PM2.5 in selected European cities. Atmospheric Environment 2004, 38:6547-6555.
56. Raisanen M., Kupiainen K., Tervahattu H. The effect of mineralogy, texture and mechanical properties of anti-skid and asphalt aggregates on urban dust, stages II and III. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 2005, 64(3):247-256.
57. Raman R.S., Hopke P.K., Holsen T.M. Characterization of fine aerosol and its inorganic components at two rural locations in New York State. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2008, 144(1-3):351-366.
58. Schaap M., Manders A.M.M., Hendriks E.C.J., Cnossen J.M., Segers A.J.S., Denier van der Gon H.A.C., Jozwicka M., Sauter F.J., Velders G.J.M., Matthijsen J., Builtjes P.J.H. Regional Modelling of Particulate Matter for the Netherlands 2009, http://www.pbl.nl.
59. Schauer J.J., Lough G.C., Shafer M.M., Christensen W.F., Arndt M.F., DeMinter J.T., Park J.S. Characterization of Metals Emitted from Motor Vehicles 2006, Health Effects Institute.
60. Sternbeck J., Sjödin A.A., Andréasson K. Metal emissions from road traffic and the influence of resuspension - results from two tunnel studies. Atmospheric Environment 2002, 36:4735-4744.
61. Tervahattu H., Kupiainen K.J., Raisanen M., Makela T., Hillamo R. Generation of urban road dust from anti-skid and asphalt concrete aggregates. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2006, 132(1):39-46.
62. Thompson M. Variation of precision with concentration in an analytical system. Analyst 1988, 113(10):1579-1587.
63. Thompson M., Howarth R.J. Duplicate analysis in geochemical practice. Part I. Theoretical approach and estimation of analytical reproducibility. Analyst 1976, 101:690-698.
64. Thorpe A.J., Harrison R.M. Sources and properties of non-exhaust particulate matter from road traffic: a review. Science of the Total Environment 2008, 400:270-282.
65. Nagl C., Moosmann L., Schneider J. Assessment of Plans and Programs Reported under 1996/62/ec - Final Report 2006, Umweltbundesamt, Service contract to the European Commission, DG Environment Contract No. 070402/2005/421167/MAR/C1. REPORT REP-0079, Umweltbundesamt GmbH, Vienna, 139 pp. mailto:http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/ambient.htm.
66. Venkatram A. A critique of empirical emission factor models: a case study of the AP-42 model for estimating PM10 emissions from paved roads. Atmospheric Environment 2000, 34:1-11.
67. Venkatram A. Response to comments by Nicholson. A critique of empirical emission factor models: a case study of the AP-42 model for estimating PM10 emission from paved roads (Atmospheric Environment 34, 1-11). Atmospheric Environment 2001, 35(1):187.
68. von Uexkull O., Skerfving S., Doyle R., Braungart M. Antimony in brake pads - a carcinogenic component?. Journal of Cleaner Production 2005, 13:19-31.
69. Watson J.G., Cooper J.A., Huntzicker J.J. The effective variance weighting for least squares calculations applied to the mass balance receptor model. Atmospheric Environment 1984, 18(7):1347-1355.
70. Weckwerth G. Verification of traffic-emitted aerosol components in the ambient air of Cologne (Germany). Atmospheric Environment 2001, 35:5525-5536.
71. Zereini F., Alt F., Messerschmidt J., Wiseman C., Feldmann I., von Bohlen A., MÜller J., Liebl K., PÜttmann W. Concentration and distribution of heavy metals in urban airborne particulate matter in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Environment Science and. Technology 2005, 39(9):2983-2989.
72. Zhao P., Feng Y., Zhu T., Wu J. Characterizations of resuspended dust in six cities of North China. Atmospheric Environment 2006, 40:5807-5814.
73. Zimmer R.A., Reeser W.K., Cummins P. Evaluation of PM10 emission factors for paved streets. PM10 Standards and Non-traditional Particulate Source Controls 1992, 311-323. J.C. Chow, D.M. Ono (Eds.).