Faces in places: Humans and machines make similar face detection errors

PLoS ONE

Volumn 6, Issue 10, 2011, Pages

  't Hart, Bernard Marius ^a   Abresch, Tilman Gerrit Jakob ^a   Einhäuser, Wolfgang ^a  

^a PHILIPPS UNIVERSITY MARBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ADULT; ANALYTICAL ERROR; ARTICLE; CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHM; COMPUTER ANALYSIS; COMPUTER SYSTEM; CONTROLLED STUDY; EYE DOMINANCE; EYE MOVEMENT; FACE PROFILE; FEMALE; GAZE; HUMAN; MALE; MAN MACHINE INTERACTION; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; STIMULUS RESPONSE; VISUAL DISCRIMINATION; VISUAL STIMULATION; ADOLESCENT; ALGORITHM; COMPARATIVE STUDY; COMPUTER; FACE; HISTOLOGY; ILLUSION; PHOTOSTIMULATION; PHYSIOLOGY; VISION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ALGORITHMS; COMPUTERS; EYE MOVEMENTS; FACE; FEMALE; HUMANS; ILLUSIONS; MALE; PHOTIC STIMULATION; VISUAL PERCEPTION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 80053645922     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025373     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Crouzet SM, Kirchner H, Thorpe SJ, (2010) Fast saccades toward faces: face detection in just 100 ms. J Vis 10(4):16: 1-17.
2. Kirchner H, Thorpe SJ, (2006) Ultra-rapid object detection with saccade eye movements: visual processing speed revisited. Vision Res 46 (11): 1762-1776.
3. Sergent J, Ohta S, MacDonald B, (1992) Functional neuroanatomy of face and object processing: a positron emission tomography study. Brain 115: 15-36.
4. Kanwisher N, McDermott J, Chun MM, (1997) The fusiform face area: a module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception. J Neurosci 17 (11): 4302-4311.
5. Mondloch CJ, Lewis TL, Budreau DR, Maurer D, Dannemiller JL, et al. (1999) Face perception during early infancy. Psychol Sci 10 (5): 419-422.
6. Pascalis O, Scott LS, Kelly DJ, Shannon RW, Nicholson E, et al. (2005) Plasticity of face processing in infancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci 102 (14): 5297-5300.
7. Mondloch CJ, Maurer D, Ahola S, (2006) Becoming a face expert. Psychol Sci 17 (11): 930-934.
8. Ferri F, Stoianov IP, Gianelli C, D'Amico L, Borghi AM, et al. (2010) When action meets emotions: how facial displays of emotion influence goal-related behavior. PLoS ONE 5 (10): 1-8.
9. Felisberti FM, Pavey L, (2010) Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition. PLoS ONE 5 (9): 1-9.
10. Hershler O, Hochstein S, (2005) At first sight: a high-level pop out effect for faces. Vision Res 45 (13): 1707-1724.
11. VanRullen R, (2006) On second glance: still no high-level pop-out effect for faces. Vision Res 46 (18): 3017-3027.
12. Hershler O, Hochstein S, (2006) With a careful look: still no low-level confound to face pop-out. Vision Res 46 (18): 3028-3035.
13. Honey C, Kirchner H, VanRullen R, (2008) Faces in the cloud: fourier power spectrum biases ultrarapid face detection. J Vis 8(12):9: 1-13.
14. Viola P, Jones MJ, (2001) Rapid object detection using a boosted cascade of simple features. Comput Vis Pattern Recog 1: 511-518.
15. Hubel DH, Wiesel TN, (1962) Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J Physiol 160: 106-154.
16. Einhäuser W, Schumann F, Vockeroth J, Bartl K, Cerf M, et al. (2009) Distinct roles for eye and head movements in selecting salient image parts during natural exploration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1164: 188-193.
17. Graf ABA, Wichmann FA, Bülthoff HH, Schölkopf B, (2006) Classification of faces in man and machine. Neural Comput 18 (1): 143-165.
18. Dakin SC, Watt RJ, (2009) Biological "bar codes" in human faces. J Vis 9(4):2: 1-10.
19. Yin RK, (1969) Looking at upside-down faces. J Exp Psychol Gen 81 (1): 141-145.
20. Goffeaux V, Dakin SC, (2010) Horizontal information drives the behavioral signatures of face processing. Front Psychol 1:143: 1-14.
21. Tong F, Nakayama K, Moscovitch M, Weinrib O, Kanwisher N, (2000) Response properties of the human fusiform face area. Cogn Neuropsychol 17 (1/2/3): 257-279.
22. Busigny T, Joubert S, Felician O, Ceccaldic M, Rossion B, (2010) Holistic perception of the individual face is specific and necessary: Evidence from an extensive case study of acquired prosopagnosia. Neuropsychologia 48: 4057-4092.
23. Rossion B, Dricot L, Goebel R, Busigny T, (2011) Holistic face categorization in higher order visual areas of the normal and prosopagnosic brain: toward a non-hierarchical view of face perception. Front Hum Neurosci 4:225: 1-30.
24. Garrido L, Duchaine B, Nakayama K, (2008) Face detection in normal and prosopagnosic individuals. J Neuropsychol 2: 119-140.
25. Joyce CA, Schyns PG, Gosselin F, Cottrell GW, Rossion B, (2006) Early selection of diagnostic facial information in the human visual cortex. Vision Res 46 (6-7): 800-813.
26. Cerf M, Harel J, Einhäuser W, Koch C, (2008) Predicting human gaze using low-level saliency combined with face detection. In: Platt JC, Koller D, Singer Y, Roweis S, editors. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 20: 241-248.
27. Cerf M, Frady EP, Koch C, (2009) Faces and text attract gaze independent of the task: experimental data and computer model. J Vis 9(12):10: 1-15.
28. Li Z, (2002) A saliency map in primary visual cortex. Trends Cogn Sci 6 (1): 9-16.
29. Hochstein S, Ahissar M, (2002) View from the Top: Hierarchies and Reverse Hierarchies in the Visual System. Neuron 36: 791-804.
30. Schneider E, Villgrattner T, Vockeroth J, Bartl K, Kohlbecher S, et al. (2009) Eyeseecam: an eye movement-driven head camera for the examination of natural visual exploration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1164: 461-467.
31. Bradsky G, Kaehler A, Pisarevsky W, (2005) Learning-based computer vision with intel's open source computer vision library. Intel Technol J 9 (2): 119-130.