Pathophysiology and clinical management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Medicine

Volumn 39, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 592-596

  Mouralidarane, Angelina ^a   Oben, Jude A ^b,c   Soeda, Junpei ^d  

^a ST GEORGE S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c ST THOMAS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^d Oben Research Group   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

cirrhosis; developmental programming; insulin resistance; non alcoholic fatty liver disease; obesity

Indexed keywords

ADIPONECTIN; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; AMIODARONE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; BETAINE; CARBOHYDRATE; CYTOKINE; GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; GLITAZONE DERIVATIVE; INTERFERON; LIVER ENZYME; LOSARTAN; METFORMIN; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PIOGLITAZONE; RIMONABANT; S ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; SIBUTRAMINE; TETRACYCLINE; TETRAHYDROLIPSTATIN; TROGLITAZONE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID; VALPROIC ACID; ZIDOVUDINE;

ABDOMINAL FAT; ADRENERGIC SYSTEM; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIET; DYSLIPIDEMIA; ECHOGRAPHY; ELASTOGRAPHY; EXERCISE; FATTY ACID OXIDATION; FIBROGENESIS; GAMMA GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; HEPATOMEGALY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIPODYSTROPHY; LIPOGENESIS; LIVER BIOPSY; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER FIBROSIS; LIVER HISTOLOGY; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; OBESITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PATHOGENESIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 80053307356     PISSN: 13573039     EISSN: 13654357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2011.07.014     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. J. Ludwig, T.R. Viggiano, D.B. McGill, and B.J. Oh Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease Mayo Clin Proc 55 1980 434 438 (Pubitemid 10057164)
2. G. Marchesini, M. Brizi, and G. Bianchi Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a feature of the metabolic syndrome Diabetes 50 2001 1844 1850 (Pubitemid 33641605)
3. E. Bugianesi, N. Leone, and E. Vanni Expanding the natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: from cryptogenic cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma Gastroenterology 123 2002 134 140 (Pubitemid 34747534)
4. E.E. Powell, W.G. Cooksley, R. Hanson, J. Searle, J.W. Halliday, and L.W. Powell The natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a follow-up study of forty-two patients for up to 21 years Hepatology 11 1990 74 80 (Pubitemid 20075105)
5. C.E. Ruhl, and J.E. Everhart Relation of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase activity with iron and antioxidant levels in the United States Gastroenterology 124 2003 1821 1829 (Pubitemid 36666778)
6. L.S. Szczepaniak, P. Nurenberg, and D. Leonard Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hepatic triglyceride content: prevalence of hepatic steatosis in the general population Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 288 2005 E462 E468
7. J.G. Fan, and G.C. Farrell Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China J Hepatol 50 2009 204 210
8. J.D. Browning, L.S. Szczepaniak, and R. Dobbins Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicity Hepatology 40 2004 1387 1395 (Pubitemid 39657013)
9. G. Bedogni, L. Miglioli, F. Masutti, C. Tiribelli, G. Marchesini, and S. Bellentani Prevalence of and risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the Dionysos nutrition and liver study Hepatology 42 2005 44 52 (Pubitemid 40911310)
10. S. Bellentani, and M. Marino Epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Ann Hepatol 8 suppl 1 2009 S4 S8
11. A.S. Yu, and E.B. Keeffe Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Rev Gastroenterol Disord 2 2002 11 19 (Pubitemid 34467665)
12. A.H. Mokdad, E.S. Ford, and B.A. Bowman Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001 JAMA 289 2003 76 79 (Pubitemid 36026281)
13. M. Charlton Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a review of current understanding and future impact Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2 2004 1048 1058 (Pubitemid 40037633)
14. E. Bugianesi, A. Gastaldelli, and E. Vanni Insulin resistance in non-diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: sites and mechanisms Diabetologia 48 2005 634 642 (Pubitemid 40591217)
15. I.R. Wanless, and J.S. Lentz Fatty liver hepatitis (steatohepatitis) and obesity: an autopsy study with analysis of risk factors Hepatology 12 1990 1106 1110
16. I.R. Willner, B. Waters, S.R. Patil, A. Reuben, J. Morelli, and C.A. Riely Ninety patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: insulin resistance, familial tendency, and severity of disease Am J Gastroenterol 96 2001 2957 2961 (Pubitemid 32959539)
17. J.A. Oben, A. Mouralidarane, and A.M. Samuelsson Maternal obesity during pregnancy and lactation programs the development of offspring non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice J Hepatol 52 2010 913 920
18. M.R. Teli, O.F. James, A.D. Burt, M.K. Bennett, and C.P. Day The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver: a follow-up study Hepatology 22 1995 1714 1719
19. C.A. Matteoni, Z.M. Younossi, T. Gramlich, N. Boparai, Y.C. Liu, and A.J. McCullough Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity Gastroenterology 116 1999 1413 1419 (Pubitemid 29258890)
20. M. Ekstedt, L.E. Franzen, and U.L. Mathiesen Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes Hepatology 44 2006 865 873 (Pubitemid 46489550)
21. L.A. Adams, J.F. Lymp, and S.J. St The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study Gastroenterology 129 2005 113 121 (Pubitemid 41002048)
22. H.B. El-Serag, T. Tran, and J.E. Everhart Diabetes increases the risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma Gastroenterology 126 2004 460 468 (Pubitemid 38182303)
23. A.J. McCullough Update on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease J Clin Gastroenterol 34 2002 255 262 (Pubitemid 34177381)
24. A. Nikolopoulos, and J.A. Oben Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease S. Sargent, Liver Diseases: An essential guide for nurses and health care professionals. Chapter 8 2009 Wiley-Blackwell Oxford, UK
25. E.M. Brunt Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: pathologic features and differential diagnosis Semin Diagn Pathol 22 2005 330 338 (Pubitemid 44118640)
26. S. Saadeh, Z.M. Younossi, and E.M. Remer The utility of radiological imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Gastroenterology 123 2002 745 750 (Pubitemid 34977081)
27. S.R. Mehta, E.L. Thomas, J.D. Bell, D.G. Johnston, and S.D. Taylor-Robinson Non-invasive means of measuring hepatic fat content World J Gastroenterol 14 2008 3476 3483
28. A. Kettaneh, P. Marcellin, and C. Douvin Features associated with success rate and performance of FibroScan measurements for the diagnosis of cirrhosis in HCV patients: a prospective study of 935 patients J Hepatol 46 2007 628 634 (Pubitemid 46420381)
29. A.A. Bravo, S.G. Sheth, and S. Chopra Liver biopsy N Engl J Med 344 2001 495 500 (Pubitemid 32164902)
30. D.E. Kleiner, E.M. Brunt, and N.M. Van Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatology 41 2005 1313 1321 (Pubitemid 40770284)
31. C.P. Day, and O.F. James Steatohepatitis: a tale of two "hits"? Gastroenterology 114 1998 842 845
32. S.A. Harrison, and A.M. Di Bisceglie Advances in the understanding and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Drugs 63 2003 2379 2394 (Pubitemid 37392905)
33. P. Letteron, B. Fromenty, B. Terris, C. Degott, and D. Pessayre Acute and chronic hepatic steatosis lead to in vivo lipid peroxidation in mice J Hepatol 24 1996 200 208 (Pubitemid 26059117)
34. H. Tilg, and A.M. Diehl Cytokines in alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis N Engl J Med 343 2000 1467 1476
35. N.M. de Alwis, and C.P. Day Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the mist gradually clears J Hepatol 48 suppl 1 2008 S104 S112
36. K.B. Scribner, D.B. Pawlak, and D.S. Ludwig Hepatic steatosis and increased adiposity in mice consuming rapidly vs. slowly absorbed carbohydrate Obesity (Silver Spring) 15 2007 2190 2199 (Pubitemid 350004086)
37. J.M. Schwarz, P. Linfoot, D. Dare, and K. Aghajanian Hepatic de novo lipogenesis in normoinsulinemic and hyperinsulinemic subjects consuming high-fat, low-carbohydrate and low-fat, high-carbohydrate isoenergetic diets Am J Clin Nutr 77 2003 43 50 (Pubitemid 36015371)
38. B. Fromenty, and D. Pessayre Inhibition of mitochondrial beta-oxidation as a mechanism of hepatotoxicity Pharmacol Ther 67 1995 101 154
39. N. Mendez-Sanchez, D. Zamora-Valdes, and R. Pichardo-Bahena Endocannabinoid receptor CB2 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Liver Int 27 2007 215 219 (Pubitemid 46680725)
40. J.A. Oben, T. Roskams, and S. Yang Norepinephrine induces hepatic fibrogenesis in leptin deficient ob/ob mice Biochem Biophys Res Commun 308 2003 284 292 (Pubitemid 36937177)
41. J.A. Oben, T. Roskams, and S. Yang Hepatic fibrogenesis requires sympathetic neurotransmitters Gut 53 2004 438 445 (Pubitemid 38241344)
42. T. Ueno, H. Sugawara, and K. Sujaku Therapeutic effects of restricted diet and exercise in obese patients with fatty liver J Hepatol 27 1997 103 107 (Pubitemid 27357062)
43. V. Ratziu, and S. Zelber-Sagi Pharmacologic therapy of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Clin Liver Dis 13 2009 667 688
44. J.M. Clark, A.R. Alkhuraishi, S.F. Solga, P. Alli, A.M. Diehl, and T.H. Magnuson Roux-en-Y gastric bypass improves liver histology in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Obes Res 13 2005 1180 1186
45. J.M. Clark Weight loss as a treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease J Clin Gastroenterol 40 suppl 1 2006 S39 S43
46. M. Gary-Bobo, G. Elachouri, and J.F. Gallas Rimonabant reduces obesity-associated hepatic steatosis and features of metabolic syndrome in obese Zucker fa/fa rats Hepatology 46 2007 122 129 (Pubitemid 47171928)
47. H.Z. Lin, S.Q. Yang, C. Chuckaree, F. Kuhajda, G. Ronnet, and A.M. Diehl Metformin reverses fatty liver disease in obese, leptin-deficient mice Nat Med 6 2000 998 1003
48. S.H. Caldwell, E.E. Hespenheide, J.A. Redick, J.C. Iezzoni, E.H. Battle, and B.L. Sheppard A pilot study of a thiazolidinedione, troglitazone, in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Am J Gastroenterol 96 2001 519 525
49. N.P. Chalasani, A.J. Sanyal, and K.V. Kowdley Pioglitazone versus vitamin E versus placebo for the treatment of non-diabetic patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: PIVENS trial design Contemp Clin Trials 30 2009 88 96
50. R. Belfort, S.A. Harrison, and K. Brown A placebo-controlled trial of pioglitazone in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis N Engl J Med 355 2006 2297 2307 (Pubitemid 44837778)
51. A.J. Sanyal, P.S. Mofrad, and M.J. Contos A pilot study of vitamin E versus vitamin E and pioglitazone for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2 2004 1107 1115 (Pubitemid 40037642)
52. A. Hirose, M. Ono, and T. Saibara Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker inhibits fibrosis in rat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Hepatology 45 2007 Jun 1375 1381 (Pubitemid 46918321)
53. J.A. Oben, T. Roskams, and S. Yang Sympathetic nervous system inhibition increases hepatic progenitors and reduces liver injury Hepatology 38 2003 664 673 (Pubitemid 37052153)