A heat pulse technique for the determination of small-scale flow directions and flow velocities in the streambed of sand-bed streams

Hydrological Processes

Volumn 25, Issue 20, 2011, Pages 3244-3255

  Lewandowski, Jörg ^a   Angermann, Lisa ^a,b   Nützmann, Gunnar ^a   Fleckenstein, Jan H ^b,c  

^a LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY AND INLAND FISHERIES   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH   (Germany)

^c HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH UFZ   (Germany)

Author keywords

Flow direction; Flow velocity; Heat pulse technique; Hyporheic zone; Sandy beds

Indexed keywords

BIOGEOCHEMICAL REACTIONS; BREAK THROUGH CURVE; FIELD CONDITIONS; FIELD DETERMINATION; FIELD TEST; FLOW DIRECTION; FLOW PATH; HEAT PULSE; HEAT TRANSPORT; HYPORHEIC; HYPORHEIC ZONE; IN-SITU; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; NUMERICAL MODELLING; POINT SOURCES; RIVERINE SYSTEMS; ROBUST METHODS; ROUGH DATA; SAND-BEDS; SANDY BEDS; SEDIMENT DEPTH; SHORT HEAT PULSE; SMALL-SCALE FLOWS; STREAMBEDS; SURFACE FLOW;

ANALYTICAL GEOCHEMISTRY; ANOXIC SEDIMENTS; DATA REDUCTION; EXPERIMENTS; FLOW PATTERNS; FLOW VELOCITY; SEDIMENTOLOGY; STREAM FLOW;

VELOCITY;

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; BREAKTHROUGH CURVE; FLOW PATTERN; FLOW VELOCITY; HEAT TRANSFER; HYPORHEIC ZONE; STREAM BED; STREAMFLOW;

EID: 80052916787     PISSN: 08856087     EISSN: 10991085     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hyp.8062     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Alden AS, Munster CL. 1997. Field test of the in situ permeable ground water flow sensor. Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation 17: 81-88.
2. Anderson MP. 2005. Heat as a ground water tracer. Ground Water 43: 951-968.
3. Anderson MP, Woessner WW. 1992. Applied Groundwater Modeling: Simulation of Flow and Advective Transport. Academic Press: San Diego, CA.
4. Angermann L. 2009. Determination of small scale flow direction and velocity in the hyporheic interstitial. Diploma thesis, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fischeries, Berlin.
5. Anibas C, Fleckenstein JH, Volze N, Buis K, Verhoeven R, Meire P, Batelaan O. 2009. Transient or steady-state? Using vertical temperature profiles to quantify groundwater-surface water exchange. Hydrological Processes 23: 2165-2177.
6. Anneser B, Einsiedl F, Meckenstock RU, Richters L, Wisotzky F, Griebler C. 2008. High-resolution monitoring of biogeochemical gradients in a tar oil-contaminated aquifer. Applied Geochemistry 23: 1715-1730.
7. Ballard S. 1996. The in situ permeable flow sensor: a ground-water flow velocity meter. Ground Water 34: 231-240.
8. Ballard S, Barker GT, Nichols RL. 1996. A test of the in situ permeable flow sensor at Savannah River, SC. Ground Water 34: 389-396.
9. Beesley K, Oakes DB, Dudgeon C. 1982. Low flow measurement in boreholes by heat pulse flow meter. Hydrological Sciences Journal 27: 180-181.
10. Boano F, Camporeale C, Revelli R, Ridolfi L. 2006. Sinuosity-driven hyporheic exchange in meandering rivers. Geophysical Research Letters 33: L18406. DOI: 10.1029/2006GL027630.
11. Boulton AJ, Findlay S, Marmonier P, Stanley EH, Valett HM. 1998. The functional significance of the hyporheic zone in streams and rivers. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29: 59-81.
12. Brunke M, Gonser T. 1997. The ecological significance of exchange processes between rivers and groundwater. Freshwater Biology 37: 1-33.
13. Byrne GF, Drummond JE, Rose CW. 1967. A sensor for water flux in soil. "Point source" instrument. Water Resources Research 3: 1073-1078.
14. Campbell GS, Calissendorff C, Williams JH. 1991. Probe for measuring soil specific-heat using a heat-pulse method. Soil Science Society of America Journal 55: 291-293.
15. Cardenas MB, Wilson JL. 2007. Hydrodynamics of coupled flow above and below a sediment-water interface with triangular bedforms. Advances in Water Resources 30: 301-313.
16. Constantz J. 2008. Heat as a tracer to determine streambed water exchanges. Water Resources Research 44: W00D10. DOI: 10.1029/2008WR006996.
17. Davison W, Grime GW, Morgan JAW, Clarke K. 1991. Distribution of dissolved iron in sediment pore waters at submillimetre resolution. Nature 352: 323-325.
18. Duff JH, Murphy F, Fuller CC, Triska FJ, Harvey JW, Jackman AP. 1998. A mini drivepoint sampler for measuring pore water solute concentrations in the hyporheic zone of sand-bottom streams. Limnology and Oceanography 43: 1378-1383.
19. Elliott AH, Brooks NH. 1997. Transfer of nonsorbing solutes to a streambed with bed forms: theory. Water Resources Research 33: 123-136.
20. Fleckenstein JH, Niswonger RG, Fogg GE. 2006. River-aquifer interactions, geologic heterogeneity, and low-flow management. Ground Water 44: 837-852.
21. Findlay S. 1995. Importance of surface-subsurface exchange in stream ecosystems-the hyporheic zone. Limnology and Oceanography 40: 159-164.
22. Freeze RA, Cherry JA. 1979. Groundwater. Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
23. Gooseff MN, Anderson JK, Wondzell S, LaNier J, Haggerty R. 2006. A modeling study of hyporheic exchange pattern and the sequence, size, and spacing of stream bedforms in mountain stream networks, Oregon, USA. Hydrological Processes 20: 2443-2457.
24. Greswell RB. 2005. High-resolution in situ monitoring of flow between aquifers and surface waters. Science Report SC030155/SR4. Environmental Agency: Bristol.
25. Greswell RB, Riley MS, Alves PF, Tellam JH. 2009. A heat perturbation flow meter for application in soft sediments. Journal of Hydrology 370: 73-82.
26. Grimm NB. 1996. In Methods in Stream Ecology, Hauer FR, Lamberti GA (eds). Academic Press: San Diego, CA; 625-646.
27. Häfner F, Sames D, Voigt HD. 1992. Wärme- und Stofftransport. Springer: Berlin.
28. Harvey JW, Wagner BJ. 2000. In Streams and Ground Waters, Jones JB, Mulholland PJ (eds). Academic: San Diego, CA; 3-44.
29. Hesslein RH. 1976. An in situ sampler for close interval pore water studies. Limnology and Oceanography 21: 912-914.
30. Hester ET, Gooseff MN. 2010. Moving beyond the banks: hyporheic restoration is fundamental to restoring ecological services and functions of streams. Environmental Science & Technology 44: 1521-1525.
31. Hopmans JW, Simunek J, Bristow KL. 2002. Indirect estimation of soil thermal properties and water flux using heat pulse probe measurements: geometry and dispersion effects. Water Resources Research 38: 1-14.
32. Hsieh PA, Wingle W, Healy RW. 2000. VS2DI-A graphical software package for simulating fluid flow and solute or energy transport in variably saturated porous media. Water Resources Investigations Report 99-4130. U. S. Geological Survey: Lakewood.
33. Huettel M, Webster IT. 2001. In The Benthic Boundary Layer, Boudreau BP, Jorgensen BB (eds). Oxford University Press: New York; 144-179.
34. Kalbus E, Reinstorf F, Schirmer M. 2006. Measuring methods for groundwater-surface water interactions: a review. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 10: 873-887.
35. Kawanishi H. 1983. A soil-water flux sensor and its use for field studies of transfer processes in surface soil. Journal of Hydrology 60: 357-365.
36. Keery J, Binley AE, Crook N, Smith JWN. 2006. Temporal and spatial variability of groundwater-surface water fluxes: development and application of an analytical method using temperature time series. Journal of Hydrology 336: 1-16.
37. Kennedy CD, Genereux DP, Corbett DR, Mitasova H. 2007. Design of a light-oil piezomanometer for measurement of hydraulic head differences and collection of groundwater samples. Water Resources Research 43: W09501. DOI: 10.1029/2007WR005904.
38. Krom MD, Davison P, Zhang H, Davison W. 1994. High-resolution pore-water sampling with a gel sampler. Limnology and Oceanography 39: 1967-1972.
39. Labaky W. 2004. An in situ probe for measuring groundwater velocity. PhD thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
40. Lee DR. 1977. Device for measuring seepage flux in lakes and estuaries. Limnology and Oceanography 22: 140-147.
41. Lewandowski J, Rüter K, Hupfer M. 2002. Two-dimensional small-scale variability of pore water phosphate in freshwater lakes: results from a novel dialysis sampler. Environmental Science & Technology 36: 2039-2047.
42. Marion A, Packman AI, Zaramella M, Bottacin-Busolin A. 2008. Hyporheic flows in stratified beds. Water Resources Research 44: W09433. DOI: 10.1029/2007WR006079.
43. Mattheß G, Ubell K. 2003. Lehrbuch der Hydrogeologie, Band 1. Allgemeine Hydrogeologie-Grundwasserhaushalt. Bornträger: Stuttgart.
44. Melville JG, Molz FJ, Guven O. 1985. Laboratory investigation and analysis of a groundwater flowmeter. Ground Water 23: 486-495.
45. Mori Y, Hopmans JW, Mortensen AP, Kluitenberg GJ. 2003. Multi-functional heat pulse probe for the simultaneous measurement of soil water content, solute concentration, and heat transport parameters. Vadose Zone Journal 2: 561-571.
46. Mortensen AP, Hopmans JW, Mori Y, Simunek J. 2006. Multi-functional heat pulse probe measurements of coupled vadose zone flow and transport. Advances in Water Resources 29: 250-267.
47. Mull R, Holländer H. 2002. Grundwasserhydraulik und- hydrologie: Eine Einführung. Springer: Berlin.
48. Murdoch LC, Kelly SE. 2003. Factors affecting the performance of conventional seepage meters. Water Resources Research 39: 1163. DOI: 10.1029/2002WR001347.
49. Mutz M, Kalbus E, Meinecke S. 2007. Effect of instream wood on vertical water flux in low-energy sand bed flume experiments. Water Resources Research 43: W10424. DOI: 10.1029/2006WR005676.
50. Mutz M, Rohde A. 2003. Processes of surface-subsurface water exchange in a low energy sand-bed stream. International Review of Hydrobiology 88: 290-303.
51. Ren T, Kluitenberg GJ, Horton R. 2000. Determining soil water flux and pore water velocity by a heat pulse technique. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64: 552-560.
52. Rivett MO, Ellis PA, Greswell RB, Ward RS, Roche RS, Cleverly MG, Walker C, Conran D, Fitzgerald PJ, Willcox T, Dowle J. 2008. Cost-effective mini drive-point piezometers and multilevel samplers for monitoring the hyporheic zone. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 41: 49-60.
53. Rosenberry DO. 2008. A seepage meter designed for use in flowing water. Journal of Hydrology 359: 118-130.
54. Savant SA, Reible DD, Thibodeaux LJ. 1987. Convective-transport within stable river sediments. Water Resources Research 23: 1763-1768.
55. Schmidt C, Bayer-Raich M, Schirmer M. 2006. Characterization of spatial heterogeneity of groundwater-stream water interactions using multiple depth streambed temperature measurements at the reach scale. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 10: 849-859.
56. Schmidt C, Conant B, Bayer-Raich M, Schirmer M. 2007. Evaluation and field-scale application of an analytical method to quantify groundwater discharge using mapped streambed temperatures. Journal of Hydrology 347: 292-307.
57. Schulz HD. 1992. In Geohydrologische Markierungstechnik, Lehrbuch der Hydrologie, Käss W (ed.). Bornträger: Stuttgart; 324-362.
58. Sophocleous M. 2002. Interactions between groundwater and surface water: the state of the science. Hydrogeology Journal 10: 52-67.
59. Stofleth JM, Shields FD, Fox GA. 2008. Hyporheic and total transient storage in small, sand-bed streams. Hydrological Processes 22: 1885-1894.
60. Stonestrom DA, Constantz J. 2003. Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams. Circular 1260, U. S. Geological Survey: Lakewood.
61. Stonestrom DA, Constantz J. 2004. Using temperature to study stream-ground water exchanges. Fact Sheet 2004-3010, U. S. Geological Survey: Lakewood.
62. Su GW, Freifeld BM, Oldenburg CM, Jordan PD, Daley PF. 2006. Interpreting velocities from heat-based flow sensors by numerical simulation. Ground Water 44: 386-393.
63. Thibodeaux LJ, Boyle JD. 1987. Bedform-generated convective-transport in bottom sediment. Nature 325: 341-343.
64. Vaux WG. 1968. Intergravel flow and interchange of water in a streambed. Fishery Bulletin 66: 479-489.
65. Vogt T, Schneider P, Hahn-Woernle L, Cirpka OA. 2010. Estimation of seepage rates in a losing stream by means of fiber-optic high-resolution vertical temperature profiling. Journal of Hydrology 380: 154-164.
66. Wagner FH, Bretschko G. 2002. Interstitial flow through preferential flow paths in the hyporheic zone of the Oberer Seebach, Austria. Aquatic Sciences 64: 307-316.
67. Wang QJ, Ochsner TE, Horton R. 2002. Mathematical analysis of heat pulse signals for soil water flux determination. Water Resources Research 38: 1091.
68. White DS. 1990. Biological relationships to convective flow patterns within stream beds. Hydrobiologia 196: 149-158.
69. White DS. 1993. Perspectives on defining and delineating hyporheic zones. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 12: 61-69.
70. Wiese B, Nützmann G. 2009. Transient leakage and infiltration characteristics during lake bank filtration. Ground Water 47: 57-68.
71. Williams DD. 1993. Nutrient and flow vector dynamics at the hyporheic groundwater interface and their effects on the interstitial fauna. Hydrobiologia 251: 185-198.
72. Wilson JT, Mandell WA, Paillet FL, Bayless ER, Hanson RT, Kearl PM, Kerfoot WB, Newhouse MW, Pedler WH. 2001. An evaluation of borehole flowmeters used to measure horizontal ground-water flow in limestones of Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee, 1999. Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4139. U. S. Geological Survey: Lakewood.
73. Woessner WW. 2000. Stream and fluvial plain ground water interactions: rescaling hydrogeologic thought. Ground Water 38: 423-429.