메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 57, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 711-717

Evidence that 'food addiction' is a valid phenotype of obesity

Author keywords

Food addiction; Obesity; Validation; Yale Food Addiction Scale

Indexed keywords

ADDICTION; ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BINGE EATING DISORDER; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT TOOL; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; EMOTIONALLY DRIVEN EATING; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FEEDING DISORDER; FEMALE; FOOD ADDICTION; HEDONIC EATING; HUMAN; IMPULSIVENESS; MALE; OBESITY; YALE FOOD ADDICTION SCALE;

EID: 80052835865     PISSN: 01956663     EISSN: 10958304     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.08.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (387)

References (78)
  • 2
    • 74049158635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The causes, prevalence, and treatment of obesity revisited in 2009. What have we learned so far?
    • Apovian C.M. The causes, prevalence, and treatment of obesity revisited in 2009. What have we learned so far?. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2010, 91(Suppl.):277S-279S.
    • (2010) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , vol.91 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Apovian, C.M.1
  • 3
    • 77953990490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The omnivore's dilemma. The evolution of the brain and the determinants of food choice
    • Armelagos G.J. The omnivore's dilemma. The evolution of the brain and the determinants of food choice. Journal of Anthropological Research 2010, 66:161-186.
    • (2010) Journal of Anthropological Research , vol.66 , pp. 161-186
    • Armelagos, G.J.1
  • 4
    • 78649629521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The study of food addiction using animal models of binge eating
    • Avena N.A. The study of food addiction using animal models of binge eating. Appetite 2010, 55:734-737.
    • (2010) Appetite , vol.55 , pp. 734-737
    • Avena, N.A.1
  • 5
    • 0142258015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A diet promoting sugar dependency causes behavioral cross-sensitization to a low dose of amphetamine
    • Avena N.M., Hoebel B.G. A diet promoting sugar dependency causes behavioral cross-sensitization to a low dose of amphetamine. Neuroscience 2003, 122:17-20.
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.122 , pp. 17-20
    • Avena, N.M.1    Hoebel, B.G.2
  • 6
    • 36348989627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of sugar addiction. Behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake
    • Avena N.M., Rada P., Hoebel B.G. Evidence of sugar addiction. Behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 2008, 32:20-39.
    • (2008) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , vol.32 , pp. 20-39
    • Avena, N.M.1    Rada, P.2    Hoebel, B.G.3
  • 8
    • 0034969409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the behavioral responses to cocaine and amphetamine. Implications for mechanisms mediating gender differences in drug abuse
    • Becker J.B., Molenda H., Hummer D.L. Gender differences in the behavioral responses to cocaine and amphetamine. Implications for mechanisms mediating gender differences in drug abuse. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2001, 937:172-187.
    • (2001) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.937 , pp. 172-187
    • Becker, J.B.1    Molenda, H.2    Hummer, D.L.3
  • 10
    • 77957755109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High fructose corn syrup causes characteristics of obesity in rats. Increased body weight, body fat and triglyceride levels
    • Bocarsly M.E., Powell E.S., Avena N.M., Hoebel B.G. High fructose corn syrup causes characteristics of obesity in rats. Increased body weight, body fat and triglyceride levels. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 2010, 97:101-106.
    • (2010) Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior , vol.97 , pp. 101-106
    • Bocarsly, M.E.1    Powell, E.S.2    Avena, N.M.3    Hoebel, B.G.4
  • 12
    • 36849004400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neurobiology and genetics of impulse control disorders. Relationships to drug addictions
    • Brewer J.A., Potenza M.N. The neurobiology and genetics of impulse control disorders. Relationships to drug addictions. Biochemical Pharmacology 2008, 75:63-75.
    • (2008) Biochemical Pharmacology , vol.75 , pp. 63-75
    • Brewer, J.A.1    Potenza, M.N.2
  • 13
    • 77957138153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder on opioid dependence severity and psychiatric comorbidity in chronic methadone-maintained patients
    • Carpentier P.J., van Gogh M.T., Knapen L.J.M., Buitelaar J.K., De Jong C.A.J. Influence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder on opioid dependence severity and psychiatric comorbidity in chronic methadone-maintained patients. European Addiction Research 2011, 17:10-20.
    • (2011) European Addiction Research , vol.17 , pp. 10-20
    • Carpentier, P.J.1    van Gogh, M.T.2    Knapen, L.J.M.3    Buitelaar, J.K.4    De Jong, C.A.J.5
  • 14
    • 35649013725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is binge eating experienced as an addiction?
    • Cassin S.E., von Ranson K.M. Is binge eating experienced as an addiction?. Appetite 2007, 49:687-690.
    • (2007) Appetite , vol.49 , pp. 687-690
    • Cassin, S.E.1    von Ranson, K.M.2
  • 15
    • 0033921319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development and validation of the state and trait food-cravings questionnaires
    • Cepeda-Benito A., Gleaves D.H., Williams T.L., Erath S.A. The development and validation of the state and trait food-cravings questionnaires. Behavior Therapy 2000, 31:151-173.
    • (2000) Behavior Therapy , vol.31 , pp. 151-173
    • Cepeda-Benito, A.1    Gleaves, D.H.2    Williams, T.L.3    Erath, S.A.4
  • 16
    • 0042766446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gambling and the trait of addiction in a sample of New Zealand university students
    • Clarke D. Gambling and the trait of addiction in a sample of New Zealand university students. New Zealand Journal of Psychology 2003, 32:39-48.
    • (2003) New Zealand Journal of Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 39-48
    • Clarke, D.1
  • 18
    • 62749168327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symposium overview - food addiction. Fact or fiction?
    • Corwin R.L., Grigson P.S. Symposium overview - food addiction. Fact or fiction?. Journal of Nutrition 2009, 139:617-619.
    • (2009) Journal of Nutrition , vol.139 , pp. 617-619
    • Corwin, R.L.1    Grigson, P.S.2
  • 19
    • 0035211697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated social defeat stress, cocaine or morphine. Effects on behavioral sensitization and intravenous cocaine self-administration "binges"
    • Covington H.E., Miczek K.A. Repeated social defeat stress, cocaine or morphine. Effects on behavioral sensitization and intravenous cocaine self-administration "binges". Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 2001, 158:388-398.
    • (2001) Psychopharmacology (Berlin) , vol.158 , pp. 388-398
    • Covington, H.E.1    Miczek, K.A.2
  • 20
    • 0033777331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reward discounting as a measure of impulsive behavior in a psychiatric outpatient population
    • Crean J.P., de Wit H., Richards J.B. Reward discounting as a measure of impulsive behavior in a psychiatric outpatient population. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2000, 8:155-162.
    • (2000) Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology , vol.8 , pp. 155-162
    • Crean, J.P.1    de Wit, H.2    Richards, J.B.3
  • 22
    • 77958156782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Associations with overeating and obesity
    • Davis C. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Associations with overeating and obesity. Current Psychiatry Reports 2010, 12:389-395.
    • (2010) Current Psychiatry Reports , vol.12 , pp. 389-395
    • Davis, C.1
  • 23
    • 67649846285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compulsive overeating as an addiction disorder. A review of theory and evidence
    • Davis C., Carter J.C. Compulsive overeating as an addiction disorder. A review of theory and evidence. Appetite 2009, 53:1-8.
    • (2009) Appetite , vol.53 , pp. 1-8
    • Davis, C.1    Carter, J.C.2
  • 24
    • 78650198446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Features and prevalence of patients with probable adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who request treatment for cocaine use disorders
    • de los Cobos J.P., Sinol N., Puerta C., Cantillano V., Zurita C.L., Trujois J. Features and prevalence of patients with probable adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who request treatment for cocaine use disorders. Psychiatry Research 2011, 185:205-210.
    • (2011) Psychiatry Research , vol.185 , pp. 205-210
    • de los Cobos, J.P.1    Sinol, N.2    Puerta, C.3    Cantillano, V.4    Zurita, C.L.5    Trujois, J.6
  • 25
    • 26844554477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS)
    • John Wiley and Sons, New York, M. Hersen, M.J. Hilsenroth, D.L. Segal (Eds.)
    • Dozois D.J.A., Covin R. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS). Comprehensive handbook of psychological assessment. Personality assessment 2004, 50-69. John Wiley and Sons, New York. M. Hersen, M.J. Hilsenroth, D.L. Segal (Eds.).
    • (2004) Comprehensive handbook of psychological assessment. Personality assessment , pp. 50-69
    • Dozois, D.J.A.1    Covin, R.2
  • 26
    • 0034995925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in cocaine craving among non-treatment-seeking individuals with cocaine dependence
    • Elman I., Karlsgodt K.H., Gastfriend D.R. Gender differences in cocaine craving among non-treatment-seeking individuals with cocaine dependence. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2001, 27:193-202.
    • (2001) American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , vol.27 , pp. 193-202
    • Elman, I.1    Karlsgodt, K.H.2    Gastfriend, D.R.3
  • 28
    • 0001879817 scopus 로고
    • The eating disorder examination
    • New York, Guilford Press, G. Fairburn, G.T. Wilson (Eds.)
    • Fairburn C.G., Cooper Z. The eating disorder examination. Binge eating. Nature, assessment, and treatment 1993, 317-360. New York, Guilford Press. G. Fairburn, G.T. Wilson (Eds.).
    • (1993) Binge eating. Nature, assessment, and treatment , pp. 317-360
    • Fairburn, C.G.1    Cooper, Z.2
  • 30
    • 37549048519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms predict nicotine dependence and progression to regular smoking from adolescence to young adulthood
    • Fuemmeler B.F., Kollins S.H., McClernon F.J. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms predict nicotine dependence and progression to regular smoking from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2007, 32:1203-1213.
    • (2007) Journal of Pediatric Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 1203-1213
    • Fuemmeler, B.F.1    Kollins, S.H.2    McClernon, F.J.3
  • 32
    • 60749120851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale
    • Gearhardt A.N., Corbin W.R., Brownell K.D. Preliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Appetite 2009, 52:430-436.
    • (2009) Appetite , vol.52 , pp. 430-436
    • Gearhardt, A.N.1    Corbin, W.R.2    Brownell, K.D.3
  • 33
    • 80955152648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The addiction potential of hyperpalatable foods
    • Current Drug Abuse Reviews, in press.
    • Gearhardt, A. N., Davis, C., Kuschner, R., & Brownell, K. D. The addiction potential of hyperpalatable foods. Current Drug Abuse Reviews, in press.
    • Gearhardt, A.N.1    Davis, C.2    Kuschner, R.3    Brownell, K.D.4
  • 35
    • 78650274939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in prefrontal cortex function and the transition from drug use to drug dependence
    • George O., Koob G.F. Individual differences in prefrontal cortex function and the transition from drug use to drug dependence. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 2010, 35:232-247.
    • (2010) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , vol.35 , pp. 232-247
    • George, O.1    Koob, G.F.2
  • 37
    • 79751523845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Support for a two-factor model of impulsivity and hazardous substance use in British and Australian young adults
    • Gullo M.J., Ward E., Dawe S., Powell J., Jackson C.J. Support for a two-factor model of impulsivity and hazardous substance use in British and Australian young adults. Journal of Research in Personality 2011, 45:10-18.
    • (2011) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.45 , pp. 10-18
    • Gullo, M.J.1    Ward, E.2    Dawe, S.3    Powell, J.4    Jackson, C.J.5
  • 38
    • 0018962692 scopus 로고
    • A further investigation into the personality of drugs addicts in treatment
    • Gossop M.R., Eysenck S.B.G. A further investigation into the personality of drugs addicts in treatment. British Journal of Addiction 1980, 75:305-311.
    • (1980) British Journal of Addiction , vol.75 , pp. 305-311
    • Gossop, M.R.1    Eysenck, S.B.G.2
  • 39
    • 0019851902 scopus 로고
    • Binge eating and vomiting. A survey of a college population
    • Halmi K.A., Falk J.R., Schwartz E. Binge eating and vomiting. A survey of a college population. Psychological Medicine 1981, 11:697-706.
    • (1981) Psychological Medicine , vol.11 , pp. 697-706
    • Halmi, K.A.1    Falk, J.R.2    Schwartz, E.3
  • 40
    • 70349243429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural addiction. A behavioral and circuit model based on sugar addiction in rats
    • Hoebel B.G., Avena N.M., Bocarsly M.E., Rada P. Natural addiction. A behavioral and circuit model based on sugar addiction in rats. Journal of Addiction Medicine 2009, 3:33-41.
    • (2009) Journal of Addiction Medicine , vol.3 , pp. 33-41
    • Hoebel, B.G.1    Avena, N.M.2    Bocarsly, M.E.3    Rada, P.4
  • 43
    • 77951666149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D2 receptors in addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats
    • Johnson P.M., Kenny P.J. Dopamine D2 receptors in addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats. Nature Neuroscience 2010, 13:635-641.
    • (2010) Nature Neuroscience , vol.13 , pp. 635-641
    • Johnson, P.M.1    Kenny, P.J.2
  • 44
    • 79951699573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reward mechanisms in obesity. New insights and future directions
    • Kenny P.J. Reward mechanisms in obesity. New insights and future directions. Neuron 2011, 69:664-679.
    • (2011) Neuron , vol.69 , pp. 664-679
    • Kenny, P.J.1
  • 45
    • 85035146867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
    • Kessler R.C., Adler L., Barkley R., Biederman J., Conners C.K., Demler O., et al. The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. American Journal of Psychiatry 2006, 163:716-723.
    • (2006) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.163 , pp. 716-723
    • Kessler, R.C.1    Adler, L.2    Barkley, R.3    Biederman, J.4    Conners, C.K.5    Demler, O.6
  • 46
    • 0028156958 scopus 로고
    • Life-time and 12-month prevalence of DSM-IIIR psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey
    • Kessler R.C., McGonagle K.A., Zhao S., Nelson C.B., Hughes M., Eshleman S., et al. Life-time and 12-month prevalence of DSM-IIIR psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry 1994, 51:8-19.
    • (1994) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 8-19
    • Kessler, R.C.1    McGonagle, K.A.2    Zhao, S.3    Nelson, C.B.4    Hughes, M.5    Eshleman, S.6
  • 48
    • 77951427605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Curcumin inhibits hepatic protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B and prevents hypertriglyceridemia and hepatic steatosis in fructose-fed rats
    • Li J.-M., Li Y.-C., Kong L.-D., Hu Q.-H. Curcumin inhibits hepatic protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B and prevents hypertriglyceridemia and hepatic steatosis in fructose-fed rats. Hepatology 2010, 51:1555-1566.
    • (2010) Hepatology , vol.51 , pp. 1555-1566
    • Li, J.-M.1    Li, Y.-C.2    Kong, L.-D.3    Hu, Q.-H.4
  • 49
    • 67649840676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Power of Food Scale. A new measure of the psychological influence of the food environment
    • Lowe M.R., Butryn M.L., Didie E.R., Annunziato R.A., Thomas J.G., Crerand C.E., et al. The Power of Food Scale. A new measure of the psychological influence of the food environment. Appetite 2009, 53:114-118.
    • (2009) Appetite , vol.53 , pp. 114-118
    • Lowe, M.R.1    Butryn, M.L.2    Didie, E.R.3    Annunziato, R.A.4    Thomas, J.G.5    Crerand, C.E.6
  • 50
    • 62749116046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homeostatic and hedonic signals interact in the regulation of food intake
    • Lutter M., Nestler E.J. Homeostatic and hedonic signals interact in the regulation of food intake. The Journal of Nutrtition 2009, 139:629-632.
    • (2009) The Journal of Nutrtition , vol.139 , pp. 629-632
    • Lutter, M.1    Nestler, E.J.2
  • 51
    • 77956627688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fructose. Metabolic, hedonic, and societal parallels with ethanol
    • Lustig R.H. Fructose. Metabolic, hedonic, and societal parallels with ethanol. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2010, 110:1307-1321.
    • (2010) Journal of the American Dietetic Association , vol.110 , pp. 1307-1321
    • Lustig, R.H.1
  • 53
    • 77952500711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are there different sociocultural influences on body image and body change strategies for overweight adolescent boys and girls?
    • McCabe M.P., Ricciardelli L.A., Holt K. Are there different sociocultural influences on body image and body change strategies for overweight adolescent boys and girls?. Eating Behaviors 2010, 11:156-163.
    • (2010) Eating Behaviors , vol.11 , pp. 156-163
    • McCabe, M.P.1    Ricciardelli, L.A.2    Holt, K.3
  • 54
    • 0036135228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental regulation of the development of mesolimbic dopamine systems. A neurobiological mechanism for vulnerability to drug abuse?
    • Meaney M.J., Brake W., Gratton A. Environmental regulation of the development of mesolimbic dopamine systems. A neurobiological mechanism for vulnerability to drug abuse?. Psychoneuroenocrinology 2002, 27:127-138.
    • (2002) Psychoneuroenocrinology , vol.27 , pp. 127-138
    • Meaney, M.J.1    Brake, W.2    Gratton, A.3
  • 56
    • 0032746113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond discounting. Possible experimental models of impulse control
    • Monterosso J., Ainslie G. Beyond discounting. Possible experimental models of impulse control. Psychopharmacology 1999, 146:339-347.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology , vol.146 , pp. 339-347
    • Monterosso, J.1    Ainslie, G.2
  • 57
    • 47249113972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weighing weight. Trends in body weight evaluation among young adults
    • Neighbors L., Sobal J., Liff C., Amiraian D. Weighing weight. Trends in body weight evaluation among young adults. Sex Roles 2008, 59:68-80.
    • (2008) Sex Roles , vol.59 , pp. 68-80
    • Neighbors, L.1    Sobal, J.2    Liff, C.3    Amiraian, D.4
  • 59
    • 79954718559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delay discounting. Trait variable?
    • Odum A. Delay discounting. Trait variable?. Behavioural Processes 2011, 87:1-9.
    • (2011) Behavioural Processes , vol.87 , pp. 1-9
    • Odum, A.1
  • 60
  • 63
    • 0031079867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food cravings in young and elderly adults
    • Pelchat M.L. Food cravings in young and elderly adults. Appetite 1997, 28:103-113.
    • (1997) Appetite , vol.28 , pp. 103-113
    • Pelchat, M.L.1
  • 64
    • 62749188827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food addiction in humans
    • Pelchat M.L. Food addiction in humans. Journal of Nutrition 2009, 139:620-622.
    • (2009) Journal of Nutrition , vol.139 , pp. 620-622
    • Pelchat, M.L.1
  • 65
    • 74049148850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent dynamics suggest selected countries catching up to US obesity
    • Popkin B.M. Recent dynamics suggest selected countries catching up to US obesity. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2010, 91(Suppl.):284S-288S.
    • (2010) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , vol.91 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Popkin, B.M.1
  • 70
    • 0034027751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Craving and food addiction. A critical review of the evidence from a biopsychosocial perspective
    • Rogers P.J., Smit H.J. Craving and food addiction. A critical review of the evidence from a biopsychosocial perspective. Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior 2000, 66:3-14.
    • (2000) Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior , vol.66 , pp. 3-14
    • Rogers, P.J.1    Smit, H.J.2
  • 74
    • 0022597174 scopus 로고
    • The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior
    • Van Strien T., Frijters J.E., Bergers G.P., Defares P.B. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior. International Journal of Eating Disorders 1986, 5:295-315.
    • (1986) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.5 , pp. 295-315
    • Van Strien, T.1    Frijters, J.E.2    Bergers, G.P.3    Defares, P.B.4
  • 75
    • 0028212149 scopus 로고
    • Imaging endogenous dopamine competition with [C-11] raclopride in the human brain
    • Volkow N.D., Wang G.J., Fowler J.S., Logan J., Schlyer D., Hitzemann R., et al. Imaging endogenous dopamine competition with [C-11] raclopride in the human brain. Synapse 1994, 16:255-262.
    • (1994) Synapse , vol.16 , pp. 255-262
    • Volkow, N.D.1    Wang, G.J.2    Fowler, J.S.3    Logan, J.4    Schlyer, D.5    Hitzemann, R.6
  • 76
    • 17844398708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How can drug addiction help us understand obesity?
    • Volkow N.D., Wise R.A. How can drug addiction help us understand obesity?. Nature Neuroscience 2005, 8:555-560.
    • (2005) Nature Neuroscience , vol.8 , pp. 555-560
    • Volkow, N.D.1    Wise, R.A.2
  • 77
    • 49449098216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary fructose consumption among US children and adults. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    • Vos M.B., Kimmons J.E., Gillespie C., Welsh J., Blanck H.M. Dietary fructose consumption among US children and adults. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Medscape Journal of Medicine 2008, 10:160.
    • (2008) Medscape Journal of Medicine , vol.10 , pp. 160
    • Vos, M.B.1    Kimmons, J.E.2    Gillespie, C.3    Welsh, J.4    Blanck, H.M.5
  • 78
    • 0027174126 scopus 로고
    • The Wender Utah Rating Scale. An aid in the retrospective diagnosis of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
    • Ward M.F., Wender P.H., Reimherr F.W. The Wender Utah Rating Scale. An aid in the retrospective diagnosis of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 1993, 150:885-890.
    • (1993) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 885-890
    • Ward, M.F.1    Wender, P.H.2    Reimherr, F.W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.