The Strategic Nature of False Recognition in the DRM Paradigm

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition

Volumn 37, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 1228-1235

  Miller, Michael B ^a   Guerin, Scott A ^b   Wolford, George L ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory   (United States)

Author keywords

Criterion shifts; False memory; Recognition; Signal detection analysis; Warnings

Indexed keywords

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEFENSE MECHANISM; FEMALE; HUMAN; LINGUISTICS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RECOGNITION; STUDENT; UNIVERSITY;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; RECOGNITION (PSYCHOLOGY); REPRESSION, PSYCHOLOGY; STUDENTS; UNIVERSITIES; VOCABULARY;

EID: 80052830985     PISSN: 02787393     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0024539     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Anastasi J.S., Rhodes M.G., Burns M.C. Distinguishing between memory illusions and actual memories using phenomenological measurements and explicit warnings. American Journal of Psychology 2000, 113:1-26. 10.2307/1423458.
2. Brainerd C.J., Reyna V.F. When things that were never experienced are easier to " remember" than things that were. Psychological Science 1998, 9:484-489. 10.1111/1467-9280.00089.
3. Brainerd C.J., Reyna V.F. Fuzzy trace theory and false memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2002, 11:164-169. 10.1111/1467-8721.00192.
4. Brainerd C.J., Wright R., Reyna V.F., Mojardin A.H. Conjoint recognition and phantom recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2001, 27:307-327.
5. Dobbins I.G., Kroll N.E.A. Distinctiveness and the recognition mirror effect: Evidence for an item-based criterion placement heuristic. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2005, 31:1186-1198. 10.1037/0278-7393.31.6.1186.
6. Gallo D.A., Roediger H.L. Variability among word lists in eliciting memory illusions: Evidence for associative activation and monitoring. Journal of Memory and Language 2002, 47:469-497. 10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00013-X.
7. Gallo D.A., Roediger H.L., McDermott K.B. Associative false recognition occurs without strategic criterion shifts. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2001, 8:579-586. 10.3758/BF03196194.
8. Gallo D.A., Weiss J.A., Schacter D.L. Reducing false recognition with criterial recollection tests: Distinctiveness heuristic versus criterion shifts. Journal of Memory and Language 2004, 51:473-493. 10.1016/j.jml.2004.06.002.
9. Hege A.C.G., Dodson C.S. Why distinctive information reduces false memories: Evidence for both impoverished relational-encoding and distinctiveness heuristic accounts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2004, 30:787-795. 10.1037/0278-7393.30.4.787.
10. Hintzman D.L. Judgments of frequency and recognition memory in a multiple trace memory model. Psychological Review 1988, 95:528-551. 10.1037/0033-295X.95.4.528.
11. Hunt R.R., Einstein G.O. Relational and item-specific information in memory. Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior 1981, 20:497-514. 10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90138-9.
12. Macmillan N.A., Creelman C.D. Detection theory: A user's guide 1991, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.
13. McCabe D.P., Smith A.D. The effect of warnings on false memories in young and older adults. Memory & Cognition 2002, 30:1065-1077. 10.3758/BF03194324.
14. McDermott K.B., Roediger H.L. Attempting to avoid illusory memories: Robust false recognition of associates persists under conditions of explicit warnings and immediate testing. Journal of Memory and Language 1998, 39:508-520. 10.1006/jmla.1998.2582.
15. Miller M.B., Wolford G.L. The role of criterion shift in false memory. Psychological Review 1999, 106:398-405. 10.1037/0033-295X.106.2.398.
16. Multhaup K.S., Connor C.A. The effects of considering nonlist sources on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott memory illusion. Journal of Memory and Language 2002, 47:214-228. 10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00007-4.
17. Neuschatz J.S., Benoit G.E., Payne D.G. Effective warnings in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott false-memory paradigm: The role of identifiability. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2003, 29:35-40. 10.1037/0278-7393.29.1.35.
18. Neuschatz J.S., Payne D.G., Lampinen J.M., Toglia M.P. Assessing the effectiveness of warnings and the phenomenological characteristics of false memories. Memory 2001, 9:53-71. 10.1080/09658210042000076.
19. Rhodes M.G., Jacoby L.L. On the dynamic nature of response criterion in recognition memory: Effects of base rate, awareness, and feedback. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2007, 33:305-320. 10.1037/0278-7393.33.2.305.
20. Robinson K.J., Roediger H.L. Associative processes in false recall and false recognition. Psychological Science 1997, 8:231-237. 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00417.x.
21. Roediger H.L. Memory illusions. Journal of Memory and Language 1996, 35:76-100. 10.1006/jmla.1996.0005.
22. Roediger H.L., Balota D.A., Watson J.M. Spreading activation and arousal of false memories. The nature of remembering: Essays in honor of Robert G. Crowder 2001, 95-115. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC. 10.1037/10394-006. H.L. Roediger, J.S. Nairne (Eds.).
23. Roediger H.L., McDermott K.B. Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 1995, 21:803-814. 10.1037/0278-7393.21.4.803.
24. Roediger H.L., McDermott K.B. False alarms about false memory. Psychological Review 1999, 106:406-410. 10.1037/0033-295X.106.2.406.
25. Simpson A.J., Fritter M.J. What is the best index of detectability?. Psychological Bulletin 1973, 80:481-488. 10.1037/h0035203.
26. Singer M., Wixted J.T. Effect of delay on recognition decisions: Evidence for a criterion shift. Memory & Cognition 2006, 34:125-137. 10.3758/BF03193392.
27. Starns J.J., Lane S.M., Alonzo J.D., Roussel C.C. Metamnemonic control over the discriminability of memory evidence: A signal detection analysis of warning effects in the associative list paradigm. Journal of Memory and Language 2007, 56:592-607. 10.1016/j.jml.2006.08.013.
28. Verde M.F., Rotello C.M. Memory strength and the decision process in recognition memory. Memory & Cognition 2007, 35:254-262. 10.3758/BF03193446.
29. Westerberg C.E., Marsolek C.J. Sensitivity reductions in false recognition: A measure of false memories with stronger theoretical implications. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2003, 29:747-759. 10.1037/0278-7393.29.5.747.
30. Wickens T.D., Hirshman E. False memories and statistical decision theory: Comment on Miller and Wolford (1999) and Roediger and McDermott (1999). Psychological Review 2000, 107:377-383. 10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.377.
31. Wixted J.T., Stretch V. The evidence against a criterion-shift account of false memory. Psychological Review 2000, 107:368-376. 10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.368.