Managing pregnancy in inflammatory rheumatological diseases

Arthritis Research and Therapy

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2011, Pages

  Jain, Varsha ^a   Gordon, Caroline ^a,b  

^a CITY HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABATACEPT; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CODEINE; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HEPARIN; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; LANSOPRAZOLE; LEFLUNOMIDE; METHOTREXATE; MORPHINE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; OMEPRAZOLE; PARACETAMOL; PETHIDINE; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHASE INHIBITOR; RANITIDINE; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; RITUXIMAB; SALAZOSULFAPYRIDINE; TRAMADOL; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA INHIBITOR; UNINDEXED DRUG;

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; CESAREAN SECTION; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE EXACERBATION; FETUS WASTAGE; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; PREECLAMPSIA; PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; REVIEW; RHEUMATIC DISEASE; THROMBOSIS; VAGINAL DELIVERY; FEMALE; IMMUNOLOGY; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY OUTCOME;

ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS; FEMALE; FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; RHEUMATIC DISEASES;

EID: 80052738766     PISSN: 14786354     EISSN: 14786362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/ar3227     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. Vinet E, Pineau C, Gordon C, Clarke AE, Bernatsky S. Systemic lupus erythematosus in women: impact on family size. Arthritis Rheum 2008, 59:1656-1660. 10.1002/art.24203, 18975353.
2. Ekblom-Kullberg S, Kautiainen H, Alha P, Helve T, Leirisalo-Repo M, Julkunen H. Reproductive health in women with systemic lupus erythematosus compared to population controls. Scand J Rheumatol 2009, 38:375-380. 10.1080/03009740902763099, 19308803.
3. Costa M, Colia D. Treating infertility in autoimmune patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47(Suppl 3):iii38-iii41. 10.1093/rheumatology/ken156, 18504285.
4. Boumpas DT, Austin HA, Vaughan EM, Yarboro CH, Klippel JH, Balow JE. Risk for sustained amenorrhea in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving intermittent pulse cyclophosphamide therapy. Ann Intern Med 1993, 119:366-369.
5. Huong DL, Amoura Z, Duhaut P, Sbai A, Costedoat N, Wechsler B, Piette JC. Risk of ovarian failure and fertility after intravenous cyclophosphamide. A study in 84 patients. J Rheumatol 2002, 29:2571-2576.
6. Appenzeller S, Blatyta PF, Costallat LT. Ovarian failure in SLE patients using pulse cyclophosphamide: comparison of different regimes. Rheumatol Int 2008, 28:567-571. 10.1007/s00296-007-0478-3, 17968551.
7. Elizur SE, Chian RC, Pineau CA, Son WY, Holzer HE, Huang JY, Gidoni Y, Levin D, Demirtas E, Tan SL. Fertility preservation treatment for young women with autoimmune diseases facing treatment with gonadotoxic agents. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47:1506-1509. 10.1093/rheumatology/ken293, 18660508.
8. Huong DL, Wechsler B, Vauthier-Brouzes D, Duhaut P, Costedoat N, Lefebvre G, Piette JC. Importance of planning ovulation induction therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome: a single center retrospective study of 21 cases and 114 cycles. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2002, 32:174-188. 10.1053/sarh.2002.37212, 12528082.
9. Surita FG, Parpinelli MA, Yonehara E, Krupa F, Cecatti JG. Systemic lupus erythematosus and pregnancy: clinical evolution, maternal and perinatal outcomes and placental findings. Sao Paulo Med J 2007, 125:91-95. 10.1590/S1516-31802007000200005, 17625706.
10. Phadungkiatwattana P, Sirivatanapa P, Tongsong T. Outcomes of pregnancies complicated by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). J Med Assoc Thai 2007, 90:1981-1985.
11. Clowse ME. Lupus activity in pregnancy. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2007, 33:237-252. v, 2745966, 17499705, 10.1016/j.rdc.2007.01.002.
12. Gordon C. Pregnancy and autoimmune diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2004, 18:359-379.
13. Clowse ME, Jamison M, Myers E, James AH. A national study of the complications of lupus in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008, 199:127. e1-6, 2542836, 18456233, 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.03.012.
14. Mitchell K, Kaul M, Clowse ME. The management of rheumatic diseases in pregnancy. Scand J Rheumatol 2010, 39:99-108. 10.3109/03009740903449313, 20337545.
15. Chakravarty EF, Nelson L, Krishnan E. Obstetric hospitalizations in the United States for women with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2006, 54:899-907. 10.1002/art.21663, 16508972.
16. Rand JH. The antiphospholipid syndrome. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2007, 136-142.
17. Abrahams VM. Mechanisms of antiphospholipid antibody-associated pregnancy complications. Thromb Res 2009, 124:521-525. 10.1016/j.thromres.2009.07.011, 19665761.
18. McMillan E, Martin WL, Waugh J, Rushton I, Lewis M, Clutton-Brock T, Townend JN, Kilby MD, Gordon C. Management of pregnancy in women with pulmonary hypertension secondary to SLE and anti-phospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2002, 11:392-398. 10.1191/0961203302lu216xx, 12139379.
19. Prabu A, Patel K, Yee CS, Nightingale P, Situnayake RD, Thickett DR, Townend JN, Gordon C. Prevalence and risk factors for pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with lupus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009, 48:1506-1511. 10.1093/rheumatology/kep203, 19671698.
20. Yamada H, Atsumi T, Kobashi G, Ota C, Kato EH, Tsuruga N, Ohta K, Yasuda S, Koike T, Minakami H. Antiphospholipid antibodies increase the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and adverse pregnancy outcomes. J Reprod Immunol 2009, 79:188-195. 10.1016/j.jri.2008.11.001, 19211151.
21. Le Thi Thuong D, Tieulié N, Costedoat N, Andreu MR, Wechsler B, Vauthier-Brouzes D, Aumaître O, Piette JC. The HELLP syndrome in the antiphospholipid syndrome: retrospective study of 16 cases in 15 women. Ann Rheum Dis 2005, 64:273-278. 1755358, 15647435, 10.1136/ard.2003.019000.
22. Tsirigotis P, Mantzios G, Pappa V, Girkas K, Salamalekis G, Koutras A, Giannopoulou V, Spirou K, Balanika A, Papageorgiou S, Travlou A, Dervenoulas J. Antiphospholipid syndrome: a predisposing factor for early onset HELLP syndrome. Rheumatol Int 2007, 28:171-174. 10.1007/s00296-007-0386-6, 17576561.
23. Bornstein E, Barnhard Y, Atkin R, Divon MY. HELLP syndrome: a rare, early presentation at 17 weeks of gestation. Obstet Gynecol 2007, 110:525-527. 10.1097/01.AOG.0000268512.26170.ad, 17666652.
24. Marnach M, VanWinter J, Watson W. Myocarditis: an unusual cause of postpartum fever in pregnancy complicated by antiphospholipid syndrome. Am J Perinatol 2007, 24:405-408. 10.1055/s-2007-984406, 17624816.
25. de Man YA, Dolhain RJ, van de Geijn FE, Willemsen SP, Hazes JM. Disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy: results from a nationwide prospective study. Arthritis Rheum 2008, 59:1241-1248. 10.1002/art.24003, 18759316.
26. Keeling SO, Oswald AE. Pregnancy and rheumatic disease: 'by the book' or 'by the doc'. Clin Rheumatol 2009, 28:1-9. 10.1007/s10067-008-1031-9, 18987777.
27. Ostensen M, Villiger PM. The remission of rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy. Semin Immunopathol 2007, 29:185-191. 10.1007/s00281-007-0072-5, 17621703.
28. Forger F, Marcoli N, Gadola S, Moller B, Villiger PM, Ostensen M. Pregnancy induces numerical and functional changes of CD4+CD25 high regulatory T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2008, 67:984-990. 10.1136/ard.2007.075283, 17971458.
29. Haupl T, Ostensen M, Grutzkau A, Radbruch A, Burmester GR, Villiger PM. Reactivation of rheumatoid arthritis after pregnancy: increased phagocyte and recurring lymphocyte gene activity. Arthritis Rheum 2008, 58:2981-2992. 10.1002/art.23907, 18821679.
30. Haupl T, Ostensen M, Grutzkau A, Burmester GR, Villiger PM. Interaction between rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy: correlation of molecular data with clinical disease activity measures. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47(Suppl 3):iii19-iii22. 10.1093/rheumatology/ken157, 18504279.
31. Forger F, Ostensen M. Is IgG galactosylation the relevant factor for pregnancy-induced remission of rheumatoid arthritis?. Arthritis Res Ther 2010, 12:108. 2875646, 20236448, 10.1186/ar2919.
32. Forger F, Ostensen M, Schumacher A, Villiger PM. Impact of pregnancy on health related quality of life evaluated prospectively in pregnant women with rheumatic diseases by the SF-36 health survey. Ann Rheum Dis 2005, 64:1494-1499. 1755222, 15778241, 10.1136/ard.2004.033019.
33. Gran JT, Ostensen M. Spondyloarthritides in females. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol 1998, 12:695-715. 10.1016/S0950-3579(98)80045-9, 9928503.
34. Nelson JL, Ostensen M. Pregnancy and rheumatoid arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1997, 23:195-212. 10.1016/S0889-857X(05)70323-9, 9031383.
35. Miniati I, Guiducci S, Mecacci F, Mello G, Matucci-Cerinic M. Pregnancy in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47(Suppl 3):iii16-iii18. 10.1093/rheumatology/ken174, 18504278.
36. Steen VD. Pregnancy in scleroderma. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2007, 33:345-358. vii, 10.1016/j.rdc.2007.03.001, 17499711.
37. Harper L, Savage CO. ANCA-associated renal vasculitis at the end of the twentieth century--a disease of older patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005, 44:495-501. 10.1093/rheumatology/keh522, 15613403.
38. Koukoura O, Mantas N, Linardakis H, Hajiioannou J, Sifakis S. Successful term pregnancy in a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis: case report and literature review. Fertil Steril 2008, 89:457. e1-5, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.03.054, 17517407.
39. Doria A, Bajocchi G, Tonon M, Salvarani C. Pre-pregnancy counselling of patients with vasculitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47(Suppl 3):iii13-iii15. 10.1093/rheumatology/ken152, 18504277.
40. Kim SY, Linton JM, Kolasinski SL. Successful treatment of new onset Wegener's granulomatosis with IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulin) during pregnancy: a case report. Mod Rheumatol 2008, 18:177-180. 10.1007/s10165-008-0020-9, 18299958.
41. Alfhaily F, Watts R, Leather A. Wegener's granulomatosis occurring de novo during pregnancy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2009, 27(1 Suppl 52):S86-S88.
42. Owada K, Katoh T, Asano K, Watanabe K, Shigetomi S, Watanabe T. Successful pregnancy complicated by microscopic polyarteritis nodosa. Clin Nephrol 2005, 63:500-502.
43. Corradi D, Maestri R, Facchetti F. Postpartum Churg-Strauss syndrome with severe cardiac involvement: description of a case and review of the literature. Clin Rheumatol 2009, 28:739-743. 10.1007/s10067-009-1143-x, 19238502.
44. Sharma BK, Jain S, Vasishta K. Outcome of pregnancy in Takayasu arteritis. Int J Cardiol 2000, 75(Suppl 1):S159-S162. 10.1016/S0167-5273(00)00182-0, 10980356.
45. Jadaon J, Shushan A, Ezra Y, Sela HY, Ozcan C, Rojansky N. Behcet's disease and pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2005, 84:939-944.
46. Kale A, Akyildiz L, Akdeniz N, Kale E. Pregnancy complicated by superior vena cava thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in a patient with Behcet disease and the use of heparin for treatment. Saudi Med J 2006, 27:95-97.
47. Suri V, Aggarwal N, Keepanasseril A, Chopra S, Vijayvergiya R, Jain S. Pregnancy and Takayasu arteritis: a single centre experience from North India. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2010, 36:519-524. 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2010.01226.x, 20598031.
48. Saar P, Hermann W, Muller-Ladner U. Connective tissue diseases and pregnancy. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006, 45(Suppl 3):iii30-iii32. 10.1093/rheumatology/kel288, 16987830.
49. Levy RA, Jesus GR, Jesus NR. Obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome: still a challenge. Lupus 2010, 19:457-459. 10.1177/0961203309361484, 20353988.
50. Crane J, Armson A, Brunner M, De La Ronde S, Farine D, Keenan-Lindsay L, Leduc L, Schneider C, Van Aerde J, . Executive Committee of the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada Antenatal corticosteroid therapy for fetal maturation. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2003, 25:45-52. Executive Committee of the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada.
51. Cimaz R, Spence DL, Hornberger L, Silverman ED. Incidence and spectrum of neonatal lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of infants born to mothers with anti-Ro autoantibodies. J Pediatr 2003, 142:678-683. 10.1067/mpd.2003.233, 12838197.
52. Friedman DM, Rupel A, Buyon JP. Epidemiology, etiology, detection, and treatment of autoantibody-associated congenital heart block in neonatal lupus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2007, 9:101-108. 10.1007/s11926-007-0003-4, 17502039.
53. Brucato A, Cimaz R, Caporali R, Ramoni V, Buyon J. Pregnancy outcomes in patients with autoimmune diseases and anti-Ro/SSA antibodies. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2011, 40:27-41. 10.1007/s12016-009-8190-6, 20012231.
54. Buyon JP, Clancy RM, Friedman DM. Cardiac manifestations of neonatal lupus erythematosus: guidelines to management, integrating clues from the bench and bedside. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2009, 5:139-148. 10.1038/ncprheum1018, 19252519.
55. Chunharas A, Nuntnarumit P, Hongeng S, Chaunsumrit A. Neonatal lupus erythematosus: clinical manifestations and management. J Med Assoc Thai 2002, 85(Suppl 4):S1302-S1308.
56. Pisoni CN, Brucato A, Ruffatti A, Espinosa G, Cervera R, Belmonte-Serrano M, Sánchez-Román J, García-Hernández FG, Tincani A, Bertero MT, Doria A, Hughes GR, Khamashta MA. Failure of intravenous immunoglobulin to prevent congenital heart block: findings of a multicenter, prospective, observational study. Arthritis Rheum 2010, 62:1147-1152. 10.1002/art.27350, 20131278.
57. Chou AK, Hsieh SC, Su YN, Jeng SF, Chen CY, Chou HC, Tsao PN, Hsieh WS. Neonatal and pregnancy outcome in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a 10-year experience in one medical center. Pediatr Neonatol 2009, 50:143-146. 10.1016/S1875-9572(09)60052-8, 19750887.
58. Branch DW, Porter TF, Paidas MJ, Belfort MA, Gonik B. Obstetric uses of intravenous immunoglobulin: successes, failures, and promises. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001, 108(4 Suppl):S133-S138. 10.1067/mai.2001.117821, 11586281.
59. Petri M, Kim MY, Kalunian KC, Grossman J, Hahn BH, Sammaritano LR, Lockshin M, Merrill JT, Belmont HM, Askanase AD, McCune WJ, Hearth-Holmes M, Dooley MA, Von Feldt J, Friedman A, Tan M, Davis J, Cronin M, Diamond B, Mackay M, Sigler L, Fillius M, Rupel A, Licciardi F, Buyon JP, . OC-SELENA Trial Combined oral contraceptives in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2005, 353:2550-2558. 10.1056/NEJMoa051135, 16354891, OC-SELENA Trial.
60. Sánchez-Guerrero J, Uribe AG, Jiménez-Santana L, Mestanza-Peralta M, Lara-Reyes P, Seuc AH, Cravioto MD. A trial of contraceptive methods in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2005, 353:2539-2549. 10.1056/NEJMoa050817, 16354890.
61. Sammaritano LR. Therapy insight: guidelines for selection of contraception in women with rheumatic diseases. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2007, 3:273-281. 10.1038/ncprheum0484, 17471246.
62. De-Regil LM, Fernandez-Gaxiola AC, Dowswell T, Pena-Rosas JP. Effects and safety of periconceptional folate supplementation for preventing birth defects. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010, (10):CD007950.
63. Janssen NM, Genta MS. The effects of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory medications on fertility, pregnancy, and lactation. Arch Intern Med 2000, 160:610-619. 10.1001/archinte.160.5.610, 10724046.
64. Østensen M, Khamashta M, Lockshin M, Parke A, Brucato A, Carp H, Doria A, Rai R, Meroni P, Cetin I, Derksen R, Branch W, Motta M, Gordon C, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Spinillo A, Friedman D, Cimaz R, Czeizel A, Piette JC, Cervera R, Levy RA, Clementi M, De Carolis S, Petri M, Shoenfeld Y, Faden D, Valesini G, Tincani A. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs and reproduction. Arthritis Res Ther 2006, 8:209. 1526635, 16712713, 10.1186/ar1957.
65. Vinet E, Pineau C, Gordon C, Clarke AE, Bernatsky S. Biologic therapy and pregnancy outcomes in women with rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 61:587-592. 10.1002/art.24462, 19404999.
66. Vento M, Perez AA, Ledo A, Boso V, Carey JC. Mycophenolate mofetil during pregnancy: some words of caution. Pediatrics 2008, 122:184-185. 10.1542/peds.2008-0348, 18596003.
67. Minozzi S, Amato L, Vecchi S, Davoli M. Maintenance agonist treatments for opiate dependent pregnant women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008, (2):CD006318.
68. Brucato A. Prevention of congenital heart block in children of SSA-positive mothers. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47(Suppl 3):iii35-iii37. 10.1093/rheumatology/ken153, 18504284.
69. Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Amoura Z, Huong DL, Lechat P, Piette JC. Safety of hydroxychloroquine in pregnant patients with connective tissue diseases. Review of the literature. Autoimmun Rev 2005, 4:111-115. 10.1016/j.autrev.2004.11.009, 15722258.
70. Gayed M, Gordon C. Pregnancy and rheumatic diseases. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007, 46:1634-1640. 10.1093/rheumatology/kem156, 17623748.
71. Tincani A, Branch W, Levy RA, Piette JC, Carp H, Rai RS, Khamashta M, Shoenfeld Y. Treatment of pregnant patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2003, 12:524-529. 10.1191/0961203303lu393oa, 12892392.
72. Branch DW, Silver RM, Porter TF. Obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome: current uncertainties should guide our way. Lupus 2010, 19:446-452. 10.1177/0961203310361490, 20353986.
73. Laskin CA, Spitzer KA, Clark CA, Crowther MR, Ginsberg JS, Hawker GA, Kingdom JC, Barrett J, Gent M. Low molecular weight heparin and aspirin for recurrent pregnancy loss: results from the randomized, controlled HepASA Trial. J Rheumatol 2009, 36:279-287. 10.3899/jrheum.080763, 19208560.
74. Dekker G, Sibai B. Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of pre-eclampsia. Lancet 2001, 357:209-215. 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03599-6, 11213110.
75. Steegers EA, von Dadelszen P, Duvekot JJ, Pijnenborg R. Pre-eclampsia. Lancet 2010, 376:631-644. 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60279-6, 20598363.
76. Ruigómez A, García Rodríguez LA, Cattaruzzi C, Troncon MG, Agostinis L, Wallander MA, Johansson S. Use of cimetidine, omeprazole, and ranitidine in pregnant women and pregnancy outcomes. Am J Epidemiol 1999, 150:476-481.
77. Matok I, Gorodischer R, Koren G, Sheiner E, Wiznitzer A, Uziel E, Levy A. The safety of H(2)-blockers use during pregnancy. J Clin Pharmacol 2010, 50:81-87. 10.1177/0091270009350483, 19789371.
78. Gill SK, O'Brien L, Einarson TR, Koren G. The safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2009, 104:1541-1545. 10.1038/ajg.2009.122, 19491869.
79. Wetzl RG. Anaesthesiological aspects of pregnancy in patients with rheumatic diseases. Lupus 2004, 13:699-702. 10.1191/0961203304lu2013oa, 15485107.
80. Ip S, Chung M, Raman G, Chew P, Magula N, DeVine D, Trikalinos T, Lau J. Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 2007, (153):1-186.
81. Ostensen M, Motta M. Therapy insight: the use of antirheumatic drugs during nursing. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2007, 3:400-406. 10.1038/ncprheum0532, 17599074.
82. Sau A, Clarke S, Bass J, Kaiser A, Marinaki A, Nelson-Piercy C. Azathioprine and breastfeeding: is it safe?. BJOG 2007, 114:498-501. 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01232.x, 17261122.
83. Moretti ME, Verjee Z, Ito S, Koren G. Breast-feeding during maternal use of azathioprine. Ann Pharmacother 2006, 40:2269-2272. 10.1345/aph.1H152, 17132809.