메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 5, 2011, Pages

Antibiotics in critically ill patients: A systematic review of the pharmacokinetics of β-lactams

Author keywords

Administration; Dosage; ICU; Microdialysis; Pharmacodynamics; Pharmacokinetics; lactam antibiotics

Indexed keywords

BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CARBAPENEM; CEFEPIME; CEFPIROME; CEFTAZIDIME; IMIPENEM; MEROPENEM; PIPERACILLIN; TAZOBACTAM;

EID: 80052672933     PISSN: 13648535     EISSN: 1466609X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/cc10441     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (321)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 0034108825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of the systemic inflammatory response
    • Brun-Buisson C. The epidemiology of the systemic inflammatory response. Intensive Care Med 2000, 26(Suppl 1):S64-S74.
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Brun-Buisson, C.1
  • 2
    • 72249087115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units
    • 10.1001/jama.2009.1754, 19952319, EPIC II Group of Investigators
    • Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, Moreno R, Lipman J, Gomersall C, Sakr Y, . EPIC II Group of Investigators International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA 2009, 302:2323-2329. 10.1001/jama.2009.1754, 19952319, EPIC II Group of Investigators.
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.302 , pp. 2323-2329
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Rello, J.2    Marshall, J.3    Silva, E.4    Anzueto, A.5    Martin, C.D.6    Moreno, R.7    Lipman, J.8    Gomersall, C.9    Sakr, Y.10
  • 3
    • 43149113658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum markers in community-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3282f47c32, 18317039
    • Póvoa P. Serum markers in community-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2008, 21:157-162. 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3282f47c32, 18317039.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.21 , pp. 157-162
    • Póvoa, P.1
  • 4
    • 0347694556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic pharmacodynamics of antibacterials with clinical applications to the use of β-lactams, glycopeptides, and linezolid
    • 10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00065-5, 14711073
    • Craig WA. Basic pharmacodynamics of antibacterials with clinical applications to the use of β-lactams, glycopeptides, and linezolid. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2003, 17:479-501. 10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00065-5, 14711073.
    • (2003) Infect Dis Clin North Am , vol.17 , pp. 479-501
    • Craig, W.A.1
  • 5
    • 0031730360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial agents
    • 10.4065/73.11.1114, 9818049
    • Estes L. Review of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial agents. Mayo Clin Proc 1998, 73:1114-1122. 10.4065/73.11.1114, 9818049.
    • (1998) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.73 , pp. 1114-1122
    • Estes, L.1
  • 6
    • 25144470553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial therapy in critically ill patients: a review of pathophysiological conditions responsible for altered disposition and pharmacokinetic variability
    • 10.2165/00003088-200544100-00002, 16176116
    • Pea F, Viale P, Furlanut M. Antimicrobial therapy in critically ill patients: a review of pathophysiological conditions responsible for altered disposition and pharmacokinetic variability. Clin Pharmacokinet 2005, 44:1009-1034. 10.2165/00003088-200544100-00002, 16176116.
    • (2005) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.44 , pp. 1009-1034
    • Pea, F.1    Viale, P.2    Furlanut, M.3
  • 7
    • 12944307865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations in critical illness
    • 10.1007/s00134-004-2428-9, 15536528
    • Mehrotra R, De Gaudio R, Palazzo M. Antibiotic pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations in critical illness. Intensive Care Med 2004, 30:2145-2156. 10.1007/s00134-004-2428-9, 15536528.
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 2145-2156
    • Mehrotra, R.1    De Gaudio, R.2    Palazzo, M.3
  • 9
    • 79958051236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of estimates of glomerular filtration in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance
    • 10.1186/cc10262, 21651804
    • Baptista JP, Udy AA, Sousa E, Pimentel J, Wang L, Roberts JA, Lipman J. A comparison of estimates of glomerular filtration in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance. Crit Care 2011, 15:R139. 10.1186/cc10262, 21651804.
    • (2011) Crit Care , vol.15
    • Baptista, J.P.1    Udy, A.A.2    Sousa, E.3    Pimentel, J.4    Wang, L.5    Roberts, J.A.6    Lipman, J.7
  • 10
    • 20644467056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How monitoring of the microcirculation may help us at the bedside
    • 10.1097/01.ccx.0000158849.94225.11, 15928473
    • Verdant C, De Backer D. How monitoring of the microcirculation may help us at the bedside. Curr Opin Crit Care 2005, 11:240-244. 10.1097/01.ccx.0000158849.94225.11, 15928473.
    • (2005) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.11 , pp. 240-244
    • Verdant, C.1    De Backer, D.2
  • 11
    • 1442317155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetics of the interstitial space in humans
    • 194216, 12890292
    • Levitt DG. The pharmacokinetics of the interstitial space in humans. BMC Clin Pharmacol 2003, 3:3. 194216, 12890292.
    • (2003) BMC Clin Pharmacol , vol.3 , pp. 3
    • Levitt, D.G.1
  • 14
    • 33746784161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibacterial dosing in intensive care: pharmacokinetics, degree of disease and pharmacodynamics of sepsis
    • 10.2165/00003088-200645080-00001, 16884316
    • Roberts JA, Lipman J. Antibacterial dosing in intensive care: pharmacokinetics, degree of disease and pharmacodynamics of sepsis. Clin Pharmacokinet 2006, 45:755-773. 10.2165/00003088-200645080-00001, 16884316.
    • (2006) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.45 , pp. 755-773
    • Roberts, J.A.1    Lipman, J.2
  • 15
    • 34447126309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials
    • Drusano GL. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials. Clin Infect Dis 2007, 45(Suppl 1):S89-S95.
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Drusano, G.L.1
  • 16
    • 0347063839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of pharmacodynamics on breakpoint selection for susceptibility testing
    • 10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00062-X, 14711078
    • Mouton JW. Impact of pharmacodynamics on breakpoint selection for susceptibility testing. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2003, 17:579-598. 10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00062-X, 14711078.
    • (2003) Infect Dis Clin North Am , vol.17 , pp. 579-598
    • Mouton, J.W.1
  • 17
    • 77957314307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of antibacterial dosing in continuous renal replacement therapy
    • 10.1159/000321488, 20924175
    • Choi G, Gomersall CD, Tian Q, Joynt GM, Li AM, Lipman J. Principles of antibacterial dosing in continuous renal replacement therapy. Blood Purif 2010, 30:195-212. 10.1159/000321488, 20924175.
    • (2010) Blood Purif , vol.30 , pp. 195-212
    • Choi, G.1    Gomersall, C.D.2    Tian, Q.3    Joynt, G.M.4    Li, A.M.5    Lipman, J.6
  • 18
    • 37249010057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parenteral carbapenems
    • 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01868.x, 18154543
    • Shah PM. Parenteral carbapenems. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008, 14:175-180. 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01868.x, 18154543.
    • (2008) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.14 , pp. 175-180
    • Shah, P.M.1
  • 19
    • 0033940957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meropenem pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • 10.1093/jac/46.1.150, 10882710
    • de Stoppelaar F, Stolk L, van Tiel F, Beysens A, van der Geest S, de Leeuw P. Meropenem pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. J Antimicrob Chemother 2000, 46:150-151. 10.1093/jac/46.1.150, 10882710.
    • (2000) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.46 , pp. 150-151
    • de Stoppelaar, F.1    Stolk, L.2    van Tiel, F.3    Beysens, A.4    van der Geest, S.5    de Leeuw, P.6
  • 20
    • 16244372376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the pharmacodynamics of meropenem in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia following administration by 3-hour infusion or bolus injection
    • 10.1128/AAC.49.4.1337-1339.2005, 1068632, 15793108
    • Jaruratanasirikul S, Sriwiriyajan S, Punyo J. Comparison of the pharmacodynamics of meropenem in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia following administration by 3-hour infusion or bolus injection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005, 49:1337-1339. 10.1128/AAC.49.4.1337-1339.2005, 1068632, 15793108.
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 1337-1339
    • Jaruratanasirikul, S.1    Sriwiriyajan, S.2    Punyo, J.3
  • 21
    • 0036177106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meropenem in critically ill patients
    • 10.1016/S0924-8579(01)00474-5, 11850162
    • Kitzes-Cohen R, Farin D, Piva G, De Myttenaere-Bursztein SA. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meropenem in critically ill patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002, 19:105-110. 10.1016/S0924-8579(01)00474-5, 11850162.
    • (2002) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.19 , pp. 105-110
    • Kitzes-Cohen, R.1    Farin, D.2    Piva, G.3    De Myttenaere-Bursztein, S.A.4
  • 24
    • 67449090359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meropenem dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis and without renal dysfunction: intermittent bolus versus continuous administration? Monte Carlo dosing simulations and subcutaneous tissue distribution
    • 10.1093/jac/dkp139, 19398460
    • Roberts JA, Kirkpatrick CM, Roberts MS, Robertson TA, Dalley AJ, Lipman J. Meropenem dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis and without renal dysfunction: intermittent bolus versus continuous administration? Monte Carlo dosing simulations and subcutaneous tissue distribution. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009, 64:142-150. 10.1093/jac/dkp139, 19398460.
    • (2009) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.64 , pp. 142-150
    • Roberts, J.A.1    Kirkpatrick, C.M.2    Roberts, M.S.3    Robertson, T.A.4    Dalley, A.J.5    Lipman, J.6
  • 25
    • 39449096286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of meropenem determined by microdialysis in the peritoneal fluid of patients with severe peritonitis associated with septic shock
    • 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100312, 17687272
    • Karjagin J, Lefeuvre S, Oselin K, Kipper K, Marchand S, Tikkerberi A, Starkopf J, Couet W, Sawchuk RJ. Pharmacokinetics of meropenem determined by microdialysis in the peritoneal fluid of patients with severe peritonitis associated with septic shock. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008, 83:452-459. 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100312, 17687272.
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.83 , pp. 452-459
    • Karjagin, J.1    Lefeuvre, S.2    Oselin, K.3    Kipper, K.4    Marchand, S.5    Tikkerberi, A.6    Starkopf, J.7    Couet, W.8    Sawchuk, R.J.9
  • 26
    • 33846363598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary activity of meropenem and comparator broad-spectrum agents: MYSTIC program report from the United States component (2005)
    • 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.07.009, 16949243
    • Rhomberg PR, Jones RN. Contemporary activity of meropenem and comparator broad-spectrum agents: MYSTIC program report from the United States component (2005). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2007, 57:207-215. 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.07.009, 16949243.
    • (2007) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.57 , pp. 207-215
    • Rhomberg, P.R.1    Jones, R.N.2
  • 28
    • 0842300407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imipenem levels are not predictable in the critically ill patient
    • 10.1097/01.TA.0000056164.26493.28, 14749576
    • Belzberg H, Zhu J, Cornwell EE, Murray JA, Sava J, Salim A, Velmahos GC, Gill MA. Imipenem levels are not predictable in the critically ill patient. J Trauma 2004, 56:111-117. 10.1097/01.TA.0000056164.26493.28, 14749576.
    • (2004) J Trauma , vol.56 , pp. 111-117
    • Belzberg, H.1    Zhu, J.2    Cornwell, E.E.3    Murray, J.A.4    Sava, J.5    Salim, A.6    Velmahos, G.C.7    Gill, M.A.8
  • 29
    • 19544392338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic evaluation of meropenem and imipenem in critically ill patients with sepsis
    • 10.2165/00003088-200544050-00007, 15871639
    • Novelli A, Adembri C, Livi P, Fallani S, Mazzei T, De Gaudio AR. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of meropenem and imipenem in critically ill patients with sepsis. Clin Pharmacokinet 2005, 44:539-549. 10.2165/00003088-200544050-00007, 15871639.
    • (2005) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.44 , pp. 539-549
    • Novelli, A.1    Adembri, C.2    Livi, P.3    Fallani, S.4    Mazzei, T.5    De Gaudio, A.R.6
  • 30
    • 60649106757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the pharmacodynamics of imipenem in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia following administration by 2 or 0.5 h infusion
    • 10.1093/jac/dkn543, 19153079
    • Jaruratanasirikul S, Sudsai T. Comparison of the pharmacodynamics of imipenem in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia following administration by 2 or 0.5 h infusion. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009, 63:560-563. 10.1093/jac/dkn543, 19153079.
    • (2009) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.63 , pp. 560-563
    • Jaruratanasirikul, S.1    Sudsai, T.2
  • 31
    • 35948970570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of continuous versus short-term infusion of imipenem-cilastatin in critically ill patients in a randomized, controlled trial
    • 10.1128/AAC.01318-06, 2043189, 17620371
    • Sakka SG, Glauner AK, Bulitta JB, Kinzig-Schippers M, Pfister W, Drusano GL, Sörgel F. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of continuous versus short-term infusion of imipenem-cilastatin in critically ill patients in a randomized, controlled trial. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007, 51:3304-3310. 10.1128/AAC.01318-06, 2043189, 17620371.
    • (2007) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.51 , pp. 3304-3310
    • Sakka, S.G.1    Glauner, A.K.2    Bulitta, J.B.3    Kinzig-Schippers, M.4    Pfister, W.5    Drusano, G.L.6    Sörgel, F.7
  • 33
    • 42049096296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of basic pharmacokinetic concepts to analysis of microdialysis data: illustration with imipenem muscle distribution
    • 10.2165/00003088-200847030-00004, 18307372
    • Dahyot C, Marchand S, Bodin M, Debeane B, Mimoz O, Couet W. Application of basic pharmacokinetic concepts to analysis of microdialysis data: illustration with imipenem muscle distribution. Clin Pharmacokinet 2008, 47:181-189. 10.2165/00003088-200847030-00004, 18307372.
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.47 , pp. 181-189
    • Dahyot, C.1    Marchand, S.2    Bodin, M.3    Debeane, B.4    Mimoz, O.5    Couet, W.6
  • 34
    • 0029744020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of aztreonam and imipenem in critically ill patients with pneumonia
    • McKindley DS, Boucher BA, Hess MM, Croce MA, Fabian TC. Pharmacokinetics of aztreonam and imipenem in critically ill patients with pneumonia. Pharmacotherapy 1996, 16:924-931.
    • (1996) Pharmacotherapy , vol.16 , pp. 924-931
    • McKindley, D.S.1    Boucher, B.A.2    Hess, M.M.3    Croce, M.A.4    Fabian, T.C.5
  • 37
    • 33751508210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of renal function on trough serum concentrations of piperacillin in intensive care unit patients
    • 10.1007/s00134-006-0421-1, 17061021
    • Conil JM, Georges B, Mimoz O, Dieye E, Ruiz S, Cougot P, Samii K, Houin G, Saivin S. Influence of renal function on trough serum concentrations of piperacillin in intensive care unit patients. Intensive Care Med 2006, 32:2063-2066. 10.1007/s00134-006-0421-1, 17061021.
    • (2006) Intensive Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 2063-2066
    • Conil, J.M.1    Georges, B.2    Mimoz, O.3    Dieye, E.4    Ruiz, S.5    Cougot, P.6    Samii, K.7    Houin, G.8    Saivin, S.9
  • 38
    • 0030031055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics of piperacillin-tazobactam combination in patients with major burns and signs of infection
    • 163072, 8787895
    • Bourget P, Lesne-Hulin A, Le Reveillé R, Le Bever H, Carsin H. Clinical pharmacokinetics of piperacillin-tazobactam combination in patients with major burns and signs of infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996, 40:139-145. 163072, 8787895.
    • (1996) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.40 , pp. 139-145
    • Bourget, P.1    Lesne-Hulin, A.2    Le Reveillé, R.3    Le Bever, H.4    Carsin, H.5
  • 39
    • 34548671161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and sulbactam during intermittent and continuous intravenous infusion
    • 10.1159/000107725, 17785973
    • Langgartner J, Lehn N, Glück T, Herzig H, Kees F. Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and sulbactam during intermittent and continuous intravenous infusion. Chemotherapy 2007, 53:370-377. 10.1159/000107725, 17785973.
    • (2007) Chemotherapy , vol.53 , pp. 370-377
    • Langgartner, J.1    Lehn, N.2    Glück, T.3    Herzig, H.4    Kees, F.5
  • 40
    • 33746300236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy of continuous infusion of piperacillin compared with intermittent dosing in septic critically ill patients
    • 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.02.020, 16815689
    • Rafati MR, Rouini MR, Mojtahedzadeh M, Najafi A, Tavakoli H, Gholami K, Fazeli MR. Clinical efficacy of continuous infusion of piperacillin compared with intermittent dosing in septic critically ill patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2006, 28:122-127. 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.02.020, 16815689.
    • (2006) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.28 , pp. 122-127
    • Rafati, M.R.1    Rouini, M.R.2    Mojtahedzadeh, M.3    Najafi, A.4    Tavakoli, H.5    Gholami, K.6    Fazeli, M.R.7
  • 41
    • 2442546683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steady-state plasma and intrapulmonary concentrations of piperacillin/tazobactam 4 g/0.5 g administered to critically ill patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia
    • 10.1007/s00134-004-2222-8, 15057512
    • Boselli E, Breilh D, Cannesson M, Xuereb F, Rimmelé T, Chassard D, Saux MC, Allaouchiche B. Steady-state plasma and intrapulmonary concentrations of piperacillin/tazobactam 4 g/0.5 g administered to critically ill patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2004, 30:976-979. 10.1007/s00134-004-2222-8, 15057512.
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 976-979
    • Boselli, E.1    Breilh, D.2    Cannesson, M.3    Xuereb, F.4    Rimmelé, T.5    Chassard, D.6    Saux, M.C.7    Allaouchiche, B.8
  • 42
    • 0028029957 scopus 로고
    • Penetration of piperacillin-tazobactam into bronchial secretions after multiple doses to intensive care patients
    • 188285, 7695262
    • Jehl F, Muller-Serieys C, de Larminat V, Monteil H, Bergogne-Berezin E. Penetration of piperacillin-tazobactam into bronchial secretions after multiple doses to intensive care patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994, 38:2780-2784. 188285, 7695262.
    • (1994) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.38 , pp. 2780-2784
    • Jehl, F.1    Muller-Serieys, C.2    de Larminat, V.3    Monteil, H.4    Bergogne-Berezin, E.5
  • 43
    • 42949092695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alveolar concentrations of piperacillin/tazobactam administered in continuous infusion to patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318170ba21, 18434883
    • Boselli E, Breilh D, Rimmelé T, Guillaume C, Xuereb F, Saux MC, Bouvet L, Chassard D, Allaouchiche B. Alveolar concentrations of piperacillin/tazobactam administered in continuous infusion to patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2008, 36:1500-1506. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318170ba21, 18434883.
    • (2008) Crit Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 1500-1506
    • Boselli, E.1    Breilh, D.2    Rimmelé, T.3    Guillaume, C.4    Xuereb, F.5    Saux, M.C.6    Bouvet, L.7    Chassard, D.8    Allaouchiche, B.9
  • 44
    • 0035112931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired target site penetration of β-lactams may account for therapeutic failure in patients with septic shock
    • 10.1097/00003246-200102000-00030, 11246321
    • Joukhadar C, Frossard M, Mayer BX, Brunner M, Klein N, Siostrzonek P, Eichler HG, Müller M. Impaired target site penetration of β-lactams may account for therapeutic failure in patients with septic shock. Crit Care Med 2001, 29:385-391. 10.1097/00003246-200102000-00030, 11246321.
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 385-391
    • Joukhadar, C.1    Frossard, M.2    Mayer, B.X.3    Brunner, M.4    Klein, N.5    Siostrzonek, P.6    Eichler, H.G.7    Müller, M.8
  • 45
    • 62849124143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Piperacillin penetration into tissue of critically ill patients with sepsis: bolus versus continuous administration?
    • 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181968e44, 19237898
    • Roberts JA, Roberts MS, Robertson TA, Dalley AJ, Lipman J. Piperacillin penetration into tissue of critically ill patients with sepsis: bolus versus continuous administration?. Crit Care Med 2009, 37:926-933. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181968e44, 19237898.
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 926-933
    • Roberts, J.A.1    Roberts, M.S.2    Robertson, T.A.3    Dalley, A.J.4    Lipman, J.5
  • 46
    • 72449120921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-dose and steady-state population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of piperacillin by continuous or intermittent dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis
    • Roberts JA, Kirkpatrick CM, Roberts MS, Dalley AJ, Lipman J. First-dose and steady-state population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of piperacillin by continuous or intermittent dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009, 35:156-163.
    • (2009) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.35 , pp. 156-163
    • Roberts, J.A.1    Kirkpatrick, C.M.2    Roberts, M.S.3    Dalley, A.J.4    Lipman, J.5
  • 47
    • 0033006752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of cefpirome during the posttraumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome
    • 10.1007/s001340050885, 10401943
    • Jacolot A, Incagnoli P, Edouard AR, Tod M, Petitjean O, Samii K, Mimoz O. Pharmacokinetics of cefpirome during the posttraumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Intensive Care Med 1999, 25:486-491. 10.1007/s001340050885, 10401943.
    • (1999) Intensive Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 486-491
    • Jacolot, A.1    Incagnoli, P.2    Edouard, A.R.3    Tod, M.4    Petitjean, O.5    Samii, K.6    Mimoz, O.7
  • 48
    • 0035096092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low cefpirome levels during twice daily dosing in critically ill septic patients: pharmacokinetic modelling calls for more frequent dosing
    • 10.1007/s001340000741, 11396280
    • Lipman J, Wallis SC, Rickard CM, Fraenkel D. Low cefpirome levels during twice daily dosing in critically ill septic patients: pharmacokinetic modelling calls for more frequent dosing. Intensive Care Med 2001, 27:363-370. 10.1007/s001340000741, 11396280.
    • (2001) Intensive Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 363-370
    • Lipman, J.1    Wallis, S.C.2    Rickard, C.M.3    Fraenkel, D.4
  • 49
    • 0141458039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cefepime versus cefpirome: the importance of creatinine clearance
    • Lipman J, Wallis SC, Boots RJ. Cefepime versus cefpirome: the importance of creatinine clearance. Anesth Analg 2003, 97:1149-1154.
    • (2003) Anesth Analg , vol.97 , pp. 1149-1154
    • Lipman, J.1    Wallis, S.C.2    Boots, R.J.3
  • 50
    • 34247616140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cefpirome in critically ill patients against Gram-negative bacteria
    • 10.1007/s00134-007-0573-7, 17342515
    • Roos JF, Lipman J, Kirkpatrick CM. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cefpirome in critically ill patients against Gram-negative bacteria. Intensive Care Med 2007, 33:781-788. 10.1007/s00134-007-0573-7, 17342515.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 781-788
    • Roos, J.F.1    Lipman, J.2    Kirkpatrick, C.M.3
  • 56
    • 0032841482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low plasma cefepime levels in critically ill septic patients: pharmacokinetic modeling indicates improved troughs with revised dosing
    • 89521, 10508045
    • Lipman J, Wallis SC, Rickard C. Low plasma cefepime levels in critically ill septic patients: pharmacokinetic modeling indicates improved troughs with revised dosing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999, 43:2559-2561. 89521, 10508045.
    • (1999) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.43 , pp. 2559-2561
    • Lipman, J.1    Wallis, S.C.2    Rickard, C.3
  • 59
    • 65649084153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetics of high-dose, prolonged-infusion cefepime in adult critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • 10.1128/AAC.01141-08, 2663089, 19188394
    • Nicasio AM, Ariano RE, Zelenitsky SA, Kim A, Crandon JL, Kuti JL, Nicolau DP. Population pharmacokinetics of high-dose, prolonged-infusion cefepime in adult critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009, 53:1476-1481. 10.1128/AAC.01141-08, 2663089, 19188394.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 1476-1481
    • Nicasio, A.M.1    Ariano, R.E.2    Zelenitsky, S.A.3    Kim, A.4    Crandon, J.L.5    Kuti, J.L.6    Nicolau, D.P.7
  • 60
    • 34547224444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic rationale for cefepime dosing regimens in intensive care units
    • 10.1093/jac/dkl349, 16943209
    • Roos JF, Bulitta J, Lipman J, Kirkpatrick CM. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic rationale for cefepime dosing regimens in intensive care units. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006, 58:987-993. 10.1093/jac/dkl349, 16943209.
    • (2006) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.58 , pp. 987-993
    • Roos, J.F.1    Bulitta, J.2    Lipman, J.3    Kirkpatrick, C.M.4
  • 62
    • 33748760932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of cephalosporins in the sputum of patients with nosocomial bronchopneumonia
    • 10.1128/JCM.00893-06, 1594714, 16954290
    • Klekner A, Bágyi K, Bognár L, Gáspár A, Andrási M, Szabó J. Effectiveness of cephalosporins in the sputum of patients with nosocomial bronchopneumonia. J Clin Microbiol 2006, 44:3418-3421. 10.1128/JCM.00893-06, 1594714, 16954290.
    • (2006) J Clin Microbiol , vol.44 , pp. 3418-3421
    • Klekner, A.1    Bágyi, K.2    Bognár, L.3    Gáspár, A.4    Andrási, M.5    Szabó, J.6
  • 63
    • 0041778291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steady-state plasma and intrapulmonary concentrations of cefepime administered in continuous infusion in critically ill patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia
    • 10.1097/01.CCM.0000069734.38738.C8, 12973166
    • Boselli E, Breilh D, Duflo F, Saux MC, Debon R, Chassard D, Allaouchiche B. Steady-state plasma and intrapulmonary concentrations of cefepime administered in continuous infusion in critically ill patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2003, 31:2102-2106. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000069734.38738.C8, 12973166.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 2102-2106
    • Boselli, E.1    Breilh, D.2    Duflo, F.3    Saux, M.C.4    Debon, R.5    Chassard, D.6    Allaouchiche, B.7
  • 65
    • 0030802009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent bolus dosing of ceftazidime in critically ill patients
    • 10.1093/jac/40.2.269, 9301994
    • Young RJ, Lipman J, Gin T, Gomersall CD, Joynt GM, Oh TE. Intermittent bolus dosing of ceftazidime in critically ill patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1997, 40:269-273. 10.1093/jac/40.2.269, 9301994.
    • (1997) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.40 , pp. 269-273
    • Young, R.J.1    Lipman, J.2    Gin, T.3    Gomersall, C.D.4    Joynt, G.M.5    Oh, T.E.6
  • 66
    • 0344483897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in critically ill patients
    • 89369, 10390248
    • Gómez CM, Cordingly JJ, Palazzo MG. Altered pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in critically ill patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999, 43:1798-1802. 89369, 10390248.
    • (1999) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.43 , pp. 1798-1802
    • Gómez, C.M.1    Cordingly, J.J.2    Palazzo, M.G.3
  • 67
    • 0030067765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous infusion versus intermittent administration of ceftazidime in critically ill patients with suspected gram-negative infections
    • 163181, 8851594
    • Benko AS, Cappelletty DM, Kruse JA, Rybak MJ. Continuous infusion versus intermittent administration of ceftazidime in critically ill patients with suspected gram-negative infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996, 40:691-695. 163181, 8851594.
    • (1996) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.40 , pp. 691-695
    • Benko, A.S.1    Cappelletty, D.M.2    Kruse, J.A.3    Rybak, M.J.4
  • 68
    • 0033059826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous infusion ceftazidime in intensive care: a randomized controlled trial
    • 10.1093/jac/43.2.309, 11252342
    • Lipman J, Gomersall CD, Gin T, Joynt GM, Young RJ. Continuous infusion ceftazidime in intensive care: a randomized controlled trial. J Antimicrob Chemother 1999, 43:309-311. 10.1093/jac/43.2.309, 11252342.
    • (1999) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.43 , pp. 309-311
    • Lipman, J.1    Gomersall, C.D.2    Gin, T.3    Joynt, G.M.4    Young, R.J.5
  • 69
    • 2442466013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma and lung concentrations of ceftazidime administered in continuous infusion to critically ill patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia
    • 10.1007/s00134-004-2171-2, 14985960
    • Boselli E, Breilh D, Rimmelé T, Poupelin JC, Saux MC, Chassard D, Allaouchiche B. Plasma and lung concentrations of ceftazidime administered in continuous infusion to critically ill patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2004, 30:989-991. 10.1007/s00134-004-2171-2, 14985960.
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 989-991
    • Boselli, E.1    Breilh, D.2    Rimmelé, T.3    Poupelin, J.C.4    Saux, M.C.5    Chassard, D.6    Allaouchiche, B.7
  • 70
    • 0033799928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent and continuous ceftazidime infusion for critically ill trauma patients
    • 10.1016/S0002-9610(00)00388-3, 11004326
    • Hanes SD, Wood GC, Herring V, Croce MA, Fabian TC, Pritchard E, Boucher BA. Intermittent and continuous ceftazidime infusion for critically ill trauma patients. Am J Surg 2000, 179:436-440. 10.1016/S0002-9610(00)00388-3, 11004326.
    • (2000) Am J Surg , vol.179 , pp. 436-440
    • Hanes, S.D.1    Wood, G.C.2    Herring, V.3    Croce, M.A.4    Fabian, T.C.5    Pritchard, E.6    Boucher, B.A.7
  • 71
    • 0034012806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic evaluation of ceftazidime continuous infusion vs intermittent bolus injection in septicaemic melioidosis
    • 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2000.00179.x, 2014399, 10930972
    • Angus BJ, Smith MD, Suputtamongkol Y, Mattie H, Walsh AL, Wuthiekanun V, Chaowagul W, White NJ. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic evaluation of ceftazidime continuous infusion vs intermittent bolus injection in septicaemic melioidosis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2000, 50:184-191. 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2000.00179.x, 2014399, 10930972.
    • (2000) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.50 , pp. 184-191
    • Angus, B.J.1    Smith, M.D.2    Suputtamongkol, Y.3    Mattie, H.4    Walsh, A.L.5    Wuthiekanun, V.6    Chaowagul, W.7    White, N.J.8
  • 72
    • 77955170808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective determination of serum ceftazidime concentrations in intensive care units
    • 10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181e60ca6, 20571462
    • Aubert G, Carricajo A, Coudrot M, Guyomarc'h S, Auboyer C, Zeni F. Prospective determination of serum ceftazidime concentrations in intensive care units. Ther Drug Monit 2010, 32:517-519. 10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181e60ca6, 20571462.
    • (2010) Ther Drug Monit , vol.32 , pp. 517-519
    • Aubert, G.1    Carricajo, A.2    Coudrot, M.3    Guyomarc'h, S.4    Auboyer, C.5    Zeni, F.6
  • 73
    • 70349315443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in intensive care unit patients: influence of glomerular filtration rate, mechanical ventilation, and reason for admission
    • 10.1128/AAC.00430-09, 2764213, 19635962
    • Georges B, Conil JM, Seguin T, Ruiz S, Minville V, Cougot P, Decun JF, Gonzalez H, Houin G, Fourcade O, Saivin S. Population pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in intensive care unit patients: influence of glomerular filtration rate, mechanical ventilation, and reason for admission. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009, 53:4483-4489. 10.1128/AAC.00430-09, 2764213, 19635962.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 4483-4489
    • Georges, B.1    Conil, J.M.2    Seguin, T.3    Ruiz, S.4    Minville, V.5    Cougot, P.6    Decun, J.F.7    Gonzalez, H.8    Houin, G.9    Fourcade, O.10    Saivin, S.11
  • 74
    • 0036158038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in serum and peritoneal exudate during continuous versus intermittent administration to patients with severe intra-abdominal infections
    • 10.1093/jac/49.1.121, 11751775
    • Buijk SL, Gyssens IC, Mouton JW, Van Vliet A, Verbrugh HA, Bruining HA. Pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in serum and peritoneal exudate during continuous versus intermittent administration to patients with severe intra-abdominal infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002, 49:121-128. 10.1093/jac/49.1.121, 11751775.
    • (2002) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 121-128
    • Buijk, S.L.1    Gyssens, I.C.2    Mouton, J.W.3    Van Vliet, A.4    Verbrugh, H.A.5    Bruining, H.A.6
  • 75
    • 27744496551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A retrospective analysis using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate recommended ceftazidime dosing regimens in healthy volunteers, patients with cystic fibrosis, and patients in the intensive care unit
    • 10.1016/j.clinthera.2005.06.013, 16117983
    • Mouton JW, Punt N, Vinks AA. A retrospective analysis using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate recommended ceftazidime dosing regimens in healthy volunteers, patients with cystic fibrosis, and patients in the intensive care unit. Clin Ther 2005, 27:762-772. 10.1016/j.clinthera.2005.06.013, 16117983.
    • (2005) Clin Ther , vol.27 , pp. 762-772
    • Mouton, J.W.1    Punt, N.2    Vinks, A.A.3
  • 76
    • 0026355344 scopus 로고
    • Penetration of ceftazidime into bronchial secretions in critically ill patients
    • 10.1093/jac/28.6.925, 1816189
    • Langer M, Cantoni P, Bellosta C, Boccazzi A. Penetration of ceftazidime into bronchial secretions in critically ill patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1991, 28:925-932. 10.1093/jac/28.6.925, 1816189.
    • (1991) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.28 , pp. 925-932
    • Langer, M.1    Cantoni, P.2    Bellosta, C.3    Boccazzi, A.4
  • 77
    • 0026643687 scopus 로고
    • Endotracheal and aerosol administrations of ceftazidime in patients with nosocomial pneumonia: pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability
    • 191594, 1510435
    • Bressolle F, de La Coussaye JE, Ayoub R, Fabre D, Gomeni R, Saissi G, Eledjam JJ, Galtier M. Endotracheal and aerosol administrations of ceftazidime in patients with nosocomial pneumonia: pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992, 36:1404-1411. 191594, 1510435.
    • (1992) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.36 , pp. 1404-1411
    • Bressolle, F.1    de La Coussaye, J.E.2    Ayoub, R.3    Fabre, D.4    Gomeni, R.5    Saissi, G.6    Eledjam, J.J.7    Galtier, M.8
  • 78
    • 0032813966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance of antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in United States hospitals: Project ICARE Phase 2
    • 10.1086/520193, 10476720, Project Intensive Care Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology (ICARE) Hospitals
    • Fridkin SK, Steward CD, Edwards JR, Pryor ER, McGowan JE, Archibald LK, Gaynes RP, Tenover FC, . Project Intensive Care Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology (ICARE) Hospitals Surveillance of antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in United States hospitals: Project ICARE Phase 2. Clin Infect Dis 1999, 29:245-252. 10.1086/520193, 10476720, Project Intensive Care Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology (ICARE) Hospitals.
    • (1999) Clin Infect Dis , vol.29 , pp. 245-252
    • Fridkin, S.K.1    Steward, C.D.2    Edwards, J.R.3    Pryor, E.R.4    McGowan, J.E.5    Archibald, L.K.6    Gaynes, R.P.7    Tenover, F.C.8
  • 79
    • 0036215360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cefepime-induced neurotoxicity: an underestimated complication of antibiotherapy in patients with acute renal failure
    • 10.1007/s00134-001-1170-9, 11907668
    • Chatellier D, Jourdain M, Mangalaboyi J, Ader F, Chopin C, Derambure P, Fourrier F. Cefepime-induced neurotoxicity: an underestimated complication of antibiotherapy in patients with acute renal failure. Intensive Care Med 2002, 28:214-217. 10.1007/s00134-001-1170-9, 11907668.
    • (2002) Intensive Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 214-217
    • Chatellier, D.1    Jourdain, M.2    Mangalaboyi, J.3    Ader, F.4    Chopin, C.5    Derambure, P.6    Fourrier, F.7
  • 81
    • 77049103406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic-based clinical pathway for empiric antibiotic choice in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • 10.1016/j.jcrc.2009.02.014, 19427167
    • Nicasio AM, Eagye KJ, Nicolau DP, Shore E, Palter M, Pepe J, Kuti JL. Pharmacodynamic-based clinical pathway for empiric antibiotic choice in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. J Crit Care 2010, 25:69-77. 10.1016/j.jcrc.2009.02.014, 19427167.
    • (2010) J Crit Care , vol.25 , pp. 69-77
    • Nicasio, A.M.1    Eagye, K.J.2    Nicolau, D.P.3    Shore, E.4    Palter, M.5    Pepe, J.6    Kuti, J.L.7
  • 82
    • 40849085072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of area under the inhibitory curve (AUIC) and time above the minimum inhibitory concentration (T > MIC) as predictors of outcome for cefepime and ceftazidime in serious bacterial infections
    • 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.009, 18313273
    • McKinnon PS, Paladino JA, Schentag JJ. Evaluation of area under the inhibitory curve (AUIC) and time above the minimum inhibitory concentration (T > MIC) as predictors of outcome for cefepime and ceftazidime in serious bacterial infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2008, 31:345-351. 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.009, 18313273.
    • (2008) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.31 , pp. 345-351
    • McKinnon, P.S.1    Paladino, J.A.2    Schentag, J.J.3
  • 83
    • 0026045089 scopus 로고
    • Randomized comparison of cefepime and ceftazidime for treatment of skin, surgical wound, and complicated urinary tract infections in hospitalized subjects
    • 245387, 1804010
    • Gentry LO, Rodriguez-Gomez G. Randomized comparison of cefepime and ceftazidime for treatment of skin, surgical wound, and complicated urinary tract infections in hospitalized subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991, 35:2371-2374. 245387, 1804010.
    • (1991) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.35 , pp. 2371-2374
    • Gentry, L.O.1    Rodriguez-Gomez, G.2
  • 85
    • 0030985564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of activity of ceftazidime during continuous and intermittent infusion
    • 163784, 9087479
    • Mouton JW, Vinks AA, Punt NC. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of activity of ceftazidime during continuous and intermittent infusion. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997, 41:733-738. 163784, 9087479.
    • (1997) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.41 , pp. 733-738
    • Mouton, J.W.1    Vinks, A.A.2    Punt, N.C.3
  • 86
    • 45949106769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic optimization of β-lactams in the patient care setting
    • 2607110, 19105800
    • Nicolau DP. Pharmacodynamic optimization of β-lactams in the patient care setting. Crit Care 2008, 12:S2. 2607110, 19105800.
    • (2008) Crit Care , vol.12
    • Nicolau, D.P.1
  • 87
    • 23944504296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous versus intermittent intravenous administration of antibiotics: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70218-8, 16122681
    • Kasiakou SK, Sermaides GJ, Michalopoulos A, Soteriades ES, Falagas ME. Continuous versus intermittent intravenous administration of antibiotics: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet Infect Dis 2005, 5:581-589. 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70218-8, 16122681.
    • (2005) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.5 , pp. 581-589
    • Kasiakou, S.K.1    Sermaides, G.J.2    Michalopoulos, A.3    Soteriades, E.S.4    Falagas, M.E.5
  • 88
    • 66449092115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review on clinical benefits of continuous administration of β-lactam antibiotics
    • 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181a0054d, 19384201
    • Roberts JA, Webb S, Paterson D, Ho KM, Lipman J. A systematic review on clinical benefits of continuous administration of β-lactam antibiotics. Crit Care Med 2009, 37:2071-2078. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181a0054d, 19384201.
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 2071-2078
    • Roberts, J.A.1    Webb, S.2    Paterson, D.3    Ho, K.M.4    Lipman, J.5
  • 89
    • 0026736467 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of meropenem and its metabolite in young and elderly healthy men
    • 191600, 1510440
    • Ljungberg B, Nilsson-Ehle I. Pharmacokinetics of meropenem and its metabolite in young and elderly healthy men. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992, 36:1437-1440. 191600, 1510440.
    • (1992) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.36 , pp. 1437-1440
    • Ljungberg, B.1    Nilsson-Ehle, I.2
  • 91
    • 0026658473 scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal activities of cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin
    • 245460, 1444289
    • Paradis D, Vallée F, Allard S, Bisson C, Daviau N, Drapeau C, Auger F, LeBel M. Comparative study of pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal activities of cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992, 36:2085-2092. 245460, 1444289.
    • (1992) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.36 , pp. 2085-2092
    • Paradis, D.1    Vallée, F.2    Allard, S.3    Bisson, C.4    Daviau, N.5    Drapeau, C.6    Auger, F.7    LeBel, M.8


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.