메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 305-324

Management of fungal lung disease in the immunocompromised

Author keywords

antifungal treatment; aspergillosis; cryptococcosis; fungal lung disease; histoplasmosis; immunocompromised hosts

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B; AMPHOTERICIN B DEOXYCHOLATE; AMPHOTERICIN B LIPID COMPLEX; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; ATOVAQUONE; CARBAMAZEPINE; CASPOFUNGIN; CLINDAMYCIN; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOSPORIN; DAPSONE; FLUCONAZOLE; FLUCYTOSINE; ITRACONAZOLE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; MICAFUNGIN; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; PENTAMIDINE; POSACONAZOLE; PREDNISONE; PRIMAQUINE; RIFABUTIN; RIFAMPICIN; SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; TACROLIMUS; TRIMETHOPRIM; VORICONAZOLE;

EID: 80052640978     PISSN: 17534658     EISSN: 17534666     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1753465811398720     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (2)

References (93)
  • 2
    • 34249006027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic histoplasmosis: a 15-year retrospective institutional review of 111 patients
    • Assi M.A. Sandid M.S. Baddour L.M. Roberts G.D. Walker R.C. (2007) Systemic histoplasmosis: a 15-year retrospective institutional review of 111 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 86: 162–169.
    • (2007) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.86 , pp. 162-169
    • Assi, M.A.1    Sandid, M.S.2    Baddour, L.M.3    Roberts, G.D.4    Walker, R.C.5
  • 3
    • 0018663921 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of amphotericin B alone and combined with flucytosine in the treatment of cryptoccal meningitis
    • Bennett J.E. Dismukes W.E. Duma R.J. Medoff G. Sande M.A. Gallis H. (1979) A comparison of amphotericin B alone and combined with flucytosine in the treatment of cryptoccal meningitis. N Engl J Med 301: 126–131.
    • (1979) N Engl J Med , vol.301 , pp. 126-131
    • Bennett, J.E.1    Dismukes, W.E.2    Duma, R.J.3    Medoff, G.4    Sande, M.A.5    Gallis, H.6
  • 5
    • 11844302909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from transplant recipients are not selected for resistance to calcineurin inhibitors by current immunosuppressive regimens
    • Blankenship J.R. Singh N. Alexander B.D. Heitman J. (2005) Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from transplant recipients are not selected for resistance to calcineurin inhibitors by current immunosuppressive regimens. J Clin Microbiol 43: 464–467.
    • (2005) J Clin Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 464-467
    • Blankenship, J.R.1    Singh, N.2    Alexander, B.D.3    Heitman, J.4
  • 6
    • 0026028235 scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled trial of maintenance therapy with fluconazole after treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. California Collaborative Treatment Group
    • Bozzette S.A. Larsen R.A. Chiu J. Leal M.A. Jacobsen J. Rothman P. (1991) A placebo-controlled trial of maintenance therapy with fluconazole after treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. California Collaborative Treatment Group. N Engl J Med 324: 580–584.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 580-584
    • Bozzette, S.A.1    Larsen, R.A.2    Chiu, J.3    Leal, M.A.4    Jacobsen, J.5    Rothman, P.6
  • 7
    • 2542602231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination antifungal therapies for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a randomised trial
    • Brouwer A.E. Rajanuwong A. Chierakul W. Griffin G.E. Larsen R.A. White N.J. (2004) Combination antifungal therapies for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a randomised trial. Lancet 363: 1764–1767.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , pp. 1764-1767
    • Brouwer, A.E.1    Rajanuwong, A.2    Chierakul, W.3    Griffin, G.E.4    Larsen, R.A.5    White, N.J.6
  • 8
    • 0025964014 scopus 로고
    • Manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Cameron M.L. Bartlett J.A. Gallis H.A. Waskin H.A. (1991) Manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Rev Infect Dis 13: 64–67.
    • (1991) Rev Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 64-67
    • Cameron, M.L.1    Bartlett, J.A.2    Gallis, H.A.3    Waskin, H.A.4
  • 9
    • 33745792967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies in a tertiary care cancer center: an autopsy study over a 15-year period (1989–2003)
    • Chamilos G. Luna M. Lewis R.E. Bodey G.P. Chemaly R. Tarrand J.J. (2006) Invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies in a tertiary care cancer center: an autopsy study over a 15-year period (1989–2003). Haematologica 91: 986–989.
    • (2006) Haematologica , vol.91 , pp. 986-989
    • Chamilos, G.1    Luna, M.2    Lewis, R.E.3    Bodey, G.P.4    Chemaly, R.5    Tarrand, J.J.6
  • 10
    • 46249094201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the management of blastomycosis: 2008 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Chapman S.W. Dismukes W.E. Proia L.A. Bradsher R.W. Pappas P.G. Threlkeld M.G. (2008) Clinical practice guidelines for the management of blastomycosis: 2008 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 46: 1801–1812.
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.46 , pp. 1801-1812
    • Chapman, S.W.1    Dismukes, W.E.2    Proia, L.A.3    Bradsher, R.W.4    Pappas, P.G.5    Threlkeld, M.G.6
  • 11
    • 27644563878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of disseminated histoplasmosis successfully treated with the investigational drug posaconazole
    • Clark B. Foster R. Tunbridge A. Green S. (2005) A case of disseminated histoplasmosis successfully treated with the investigational drug posaconazole. J Infect 51: e177–e180.
    • (2005) J Infect , vol.51 , pp. e177-e180
    • Clark, B.1    Foster, R.2    Tunbridge, A.3    Green, S.4
  • 12
    • 0036916341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent trends in the epidemiology of invasive mycoses
    • Clark T.A. Hajjeh R.A. (2002) Recent trends in the epidemiology of invasive mycoses. Curr Opin Infect Dis 15: 569–574.
    • (2002) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.15 , pp. 569-574
    • Clark, T.A.1    Hajjeh, R.A.2
  • 15
    • 70149100906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histoplasmosis in solid organ transplant recipients: 10 years of experience at a large transplant center in an endemic area
    • Cuellar-Rodriguez J. Avery R.K. Lard M. Budev M. Gordon S.M. Shrestha N.K. (2009) Histoplasmosis in solid organ transplant recipients: 10 years of experience at a large transplant center in an endemic area. Clin Infect Dis 49: 710–716.
    • (2009) Clin Infect Dis , vol.49 , pp. 710-716
    • Cuellar-Rodriguez, J.1    Avery, R.K.2    Lard, M.3    Budev, M.4    Gordon, S.M.5    Shrestha, N.K.6
  • 16
    • 0031893513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive aspergillosis
    • quiz 804–785
    • Denning D.W. (1998) Invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 26: 781–803. quiz 804–785.
    • (1998) Clin Infect Dis , vol.26 , pp. 781-803
    • Denning, D.W.1
  • 17
    • 0141863188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echinocandin antifungal drugs
    • Denning D.W. (2003) Echinocandin antifungal drugs. Lancet 362: 1142–1151.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 1142-1151
    • Denning, D.W.1
  • 19
    • 0023181813 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis with combination amphotericin B and flucytosine for four as compared with six weeks
    • Dismukes W.E. Cloud G. Gallis H.A. Kerkering T.M. Medoff G. Craven P.C. (1987) Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis with combination amphotericin B and flucytosine for four as compared with six weeks. N Engl J Med 317: 334–341.
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.317 , pp. 334-341
    • Dismukes, W.E.1    Cloud, G.2    Gallis, H.A.3    Kerkering, T.M.4    Medoff, G.5    Craven, P.C.6
  • 20
    • 0030017169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the efficacy of amphotericin B and fluconazole in the treatment of cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients: retrospective analysis of 83 cases. French Cryptococcosis Study Group
    • Dromer F. Mathoulin S. Dupont B. Brugiere O. Letenneur L. (1996) Comparison of the efficacy of amphotericin B and fluconazole in the treatment of cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients: retrospective analysis of 83 cases. French Cryptococcosis Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 22(Suppl. 2): S154's160.
    • (1996) Clin Infect Dis , vol.22 , pp. S154-S160
    • Dromer, F.1    Mathoulin, S.2    Dupont, B.3    Brugiere, O.4    Letenneur, L.5
  • 21
    • 33745735021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of blastomycosis in Illinois and factors associated with death
    • Dworkin M.S. Duckro A.N. Proia L. Semel J.D. Huhn G. (2005) The epidemiology of blastomycosis in Illinois and factors associated with death. Clin Infect Dis 41: e107–e111.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.41 , pp. e107-e111
    • Dworkin, M.S.1    Duckro, A.N.2    Proia, L.3    Semel, J.D.4    Huhn, G.5
  • 22
    • 0042243672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks and outcomes of invasive fungal infections in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants after nonmyeloablative conditioning
    • Fukuda T. Boeckh M. Carter R.A. Sandmaier B.M. Maris M.B. Maloney D.G. (2003) Risks and outcomes of invasive fungal infections in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants after nonmyeloablative conditioning. Blood 102: 827–833.
    • (2003) Blood , vol.102 , pp. 827-833
    • Fukuda, T.1    Boeckh, M.2    Carter, R.A.3    Sandmaier, B.M.4    Maris, M.B.5    Maloney, D.G.6
  • 23
    • 75449121062 scopus 로고
    • The Use of Amphotericin B in Blastomycosis, Cryptococcosis and Histoplasmosis
    • Furcolow M.L. (1963) The Use of Amphotericin B in Blastomycosis, Cryptococcosis and Histoplasmosis. Med Clin North Am 47: 1119–1130.
    • (1963) Med Clin North Am , vol.47 , pp. 1119-1130
    • Furcolow, M.L.1
  • 27
    • 2442704003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of discontinuation of maintenance therapy for disseminated histoplasmosis after immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy
    • Goldman M. Zackin R. Fichtenbaum C.J. Skiest D.J. Koletar S.L. Hafner R. (2004) Safety of discontinuation of maintenance therapy for disseminated histoplasmosis after immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 38: 1485–1489.
    • (2004) Clin Infect Dis , vol.38 , pp. 1485-1489
    • Goldman, M.1    Zackin, R.2    Fichtenbaum, C.J.3    Skiest, D.J.4    Koletar, S.L.5    Hafner, R.6
  • 28
    • 0029739907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in the postmortem epidemiology of invasive fungal infections at a university hospital
    • Groll A.H. Shah P.M. Mentzel C. Schneider M. Just-Nuebling G. Huebner K. (1996) Trends in the postmortem epidemiology of invasive fungal infections at a university hospital. J Infect 33: 23–32.
    • (1996) J Infect , vol.33 , pp. 23-32
    • Groll, A.H.1    Shah, P.M.2    Mentzel, C.3    Schneider, M.4    Just-Nuebling, G.5    Huebner, K.6
  • 30
    • 0037371527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voriconazole: a new triazole antifungal agent
    • Johnson L.B. Kauffman C.A. (2003) Voriconazole: a new triazole antifungal agent. Clin Infect Dis 36: 630–637.
    • (2003) Clin Infect Dis , vol.36 , pp. 630-637
    • Johnson, L.B.1    Kauffman, C.A.2
  • 31
    • 0037118677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B compared with conventional amphotericin B for induction therapy of histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS
    • Johnson P.C. Wheat L.J. Cloud G.A. Goldman M. Lancaster D. Bamberger D.M. (2002) Safety and efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B compared with conventional amphotericin B for induction therapy of histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS. Ann Intern Med 137: 105–109.
    • (2002) Ann Intern Med , vol.137 , pp. 105-109
    • Johnson, P.C.1    Wheat, L.J.2    Cloud, G.A.3    Goldman, M.4    Lancaster, D.5    Bamberger, D.M.6
  • 32
    • 0026546312 scopus 로고
    • Raised intracranial pressure and visual complications in AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis
    • Johnston S.R. Corbett E.L. Foster O. Ash S. Cohen J. (1992) Raised intracranial pressure and visual complications in AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis. J Infect 24: 185–189.
    • (1992) J Infect , vol.24 , pp. 185-189
    • Johnston, S.R.1    Corbett, E.L.2    Foster, O.3    Ash, S.4    Cohen, J.5
  • 33
    • 43449120693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of clinical features and survival between cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative patients
    • Jongwutiwes U. Sungkanuparph S. Kiertiburanakul S. (2008) Comparison of clinical features and survival between cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative patients. Jpn J Infect Dis 61: 111–115.
    • (2008) Jpn J Infect Dis , vol.61 , pp. 111-115
    • Jongwutiwes, U.1    Sungkanuparph, S.2    Kiertiburanakul, S.3
  • 34
    • 49049107208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of histoplasmosis in immunosuppressed patients
    • Kauffman C.A. (2008) Diagnosis of histoplasmosis in immunosuppressed patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis 21: 421–425.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.21 , pp. 421-425
    • Kauffman, C.A.1
  • 35
    • 64249098442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histoplasmosis
    • Kauffman C.A. (2009) Histoplasmosis. Clin Chest Med 30: 217–225, v.
    • (2009) Clin Chest Med , vol.30 , pp. 217-225, v
    • Kauffman, C.A.1
  • 37
    • 0036787161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paradoxical recurrent meningitis following therapy of cryptococcal meningitis: an immune reconstitution syndrome after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • King M.D. Perlino C.A. Cinnamon J. Jernigan J.A. (2002) Paradoxical recurrent meningitis following therapy of cryptococcal meningitis: an immune reconstitution syndrome after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Int J STD AIDS 13: 724–726.
    • (2002) Int J STD AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 724-726
    • King, M.D.1    Perlino, C.A.2    Cinnamon, J.3    Jernigan, J.A.4
  • 38
    • 35348910150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanding understanding of epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis in the Western hemisphere
    • Laniado-Laborin R. (2007) Expanding understanding of epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis in the Western hemisphere. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1111: 19–34.
    • (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1111 , pp. 19-34
    • Laniado-Laborin, R.1
  • 39
    • 0035114003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute respiratory distress syndrome and blastomycosis: presentation of nine cases and review of the literature
    • Lemos L.B. Baliga M. Guo M. (2001) Acute respiratory distress syndrome and blastomycosis: presentation of nine cases and review of the literature. Ann Diagn Pathol 5: 1–9.
    • (2001) Ann Diagn Pathol , vol.5 , pp. 1-9
    • Lemos, L.B.1    Baliga, M.2    Guo, M.3
  • 40
    • 36249019979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Literature review and case histories of Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii infections in HIV-infected patients
    • Loulergue P. Bastides F. Baudouin V. Chandenier J. Mariani-Kurkdjian P. Dupont B. (2007) Literature review and case histories of Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii infections in HIV-infected patients. Emerg Infect Dis 13: 1647–1652.
    • (2007) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 1647-1652
    • Loulergue, P.1    Bastides, F.2    Baudouin, V.3    Chandenier, J.4    Mariani-Kurkdjian, P.5    Dupont, B.6
  • 41
    • 0037381202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome associated with disseminated histoplasmosis in a heart transplant recipient
    • Masri K. Mahon N. Rosario A. Mirza I. Keys T.F. Ratliff N.B. (2003) Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome associated with disseminated histoplasmosis in a heart transplant recipient. J Heart Lung Transplant 22: 487–491.
    • (2003) J Heart Lung Transplant , vol.22 , pp. 487-491
    • Masri, K.1    Mahon, N.2    Rosario, A.3    Mirza, I.4    Keys, T.F.5    Ratliff, N.B.6
  • 42
    • 64249151777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blastomycosis: new insights into diagnosis, prevention, and treatment
    • McKinnell J.A. Pappas P.G. (2009) Blastomycosis: new insights into diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Clin Chest Med 30: 227–239, v.
    • (2009) Clin Chest Med , vol.30 , pp. 227-239, v
    • McKinnell, J.A.1    Pappas, P.G.2
  • 43
    • 0030965248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of histoplasmosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: incidence, risk factors, and pathophysiology
    • McKinsey D.S. Spiegel R.A. Hutwagner L. Stanford J. Driks M.R. Brewer J. (1997) Prospective study of histoplasmosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: incidence, risk factors, and pathophysiology. Clin Infect Dis 24: 1195–1203.
    • (1997) Clin Infect Dis , vol.24 , pp. 1195-1203
    • McKinsey, D.S.1    Spiegel, R.A.2    Hutwagner, L.3    Stanford, J.4    Driks, M.R.5    Brewer, J.6
  • 44
    • 0032938899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Itraconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group
    • McKinsey D.S. Wheat L.J. Cloud G.A. Pierce M. Black J.R. Bamberger D.M. (1999) Itraconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 28: 1049–1056.
    • (1999) Clin Infect Dis , vol.28 , pp. 1049-1056
    • McKinsey, D.S.1    Wheat, L.J.2    Cloud, G.A.3    Pierce, M.4    Black, J.R.5    Bamberger, D.M.6
  • 46
    • 0023882309 scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporin A inhibits the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in a murine model
    • Mody C.H. Toews G.B. Lipscomb M.F. (1988) Cyclosporin A inhibits the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in a murine model. Infect Immun 56: 7–12.
    • (1988) Infect Immun , vol.56 , pp. 7-12
    • Mody, C.H.1    Toews, G.B.2    Lipscomb, M.F.3
  • 47
    • 0024493070 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of murine cryptococcosis with cyclosporin-A in normal and athymic mice
    • Mody C.H. Toews G.B. Lipscomb M.F. (1989) Treatment of murine cryptococcosis with cyclosporin-A in normal and athymic mice. Am Rev Respir Dis 139: 8–13.
    • (1989) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.139 , pp. 8-13
    • Mody, C.H.1    Toews, G.B.2    Lipscomb, M.F.3
  • 48
    • 22844448173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of invasive aspergillosis following hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplantation: interim results of a prospective multicenter surveillance program
    • Morgan J. Wannemuehler K.A. Marr K.A. Hadley S. Kontoyiannis D.P. Walsh T.J. (2005) Incidence of invasive aspergillosis following hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplantation: interim results of a prospective multicenter surveillance program. Med Mycol 43(Suppl. 1): S49's58.
    • (2005) Med Mycol , vol.43 , pp. S49-S58
    • Morgan, J.1    Wannemuehler, K.A.2    Marr, K.A.3    Hadley, S.4    Kontoyiannis, D.P.5    Walsh, T.J.6
  • 49
    • 0035096472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in neutropenic patients during hospital construction: before and after chemoprophylaxis and institution of HEPA filters
    • Oren I. Haddad N. Finkelstein R. Rowe J.M. (2001) Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in neutropenic patients during hospital construction: before and after chemoprophylaxis and institution of HEPA filters. Am J Hematol 66: 257–262.
    • (2001) Am J Hematol , vol.66 , pp. 257-262
    • Oren, I.1    Haddad, N.2    Finkelstein, R.3    Rowe, J.M.4
  • 50
    • 0035451420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients in the era of effective azole therapy
    • Pappas P.G. Perfect J.R. Cloud G.A. Larsen R.A. Pankey G.A. Lancaster D.J. (2001) Cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients in the era of effective azole therapy. Clin Infect Dis 33: 690–699.
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.33 , pp. 690-699
    • Pappas, P.G.1    Perfect, J.R.2    Cloud, G.A.3    Larsen, R.A.4    Pankey, G.A.5    Lancaster, D.J.6
  • 53
    • 41549166189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coccidioidomycosis
    • quiz 348–349
    • Parish J.M. Blair J.E. (2008) Coccidioidomycosis. Mayo Clin Proc 83: 343–348. quiz 348–349.
    • (2008) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.83 , pp. 343-348
    • Parish, J.M.1    Blair, J.E.2
  • 54
    • 39449117139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with invasive mycoses improves efficacy and safety outcomes
    • Pascual A. Calandra T. Bolay S. Buclin T. Bille J. Marchetti O. (2008) Voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with invasive mycoses improves efficacy and safety outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 46: 201–211.
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.46 , pp. 201-211
    • Pascual, A.1    Calandra, T.2    Bolay, S.3    Buclin, T.4    Bille, J.5    Marchetti, O.6
  • 55
    • 0033302188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of fungal infections in solid organ transplant patients
    • Patterson J.E. (1999) Epidemiology of fungal infections in solid organ transplant patients. Transpl Infect Dis 1: 229–236.
    • (1999) Transpl Infect Dis , vol.1 , pp. 229-236
    • Patterson, J.E.1
  • 56
    • 0026594284 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of fluconazole or amphotericin B to prevent relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group and Mycoses Study Group
    • Powderly W.G. Saag M.S. Cloud G.A. Robinson P. Meyer R.D. Jacobson J.M. (1992) A controlled trial of fluconazole or amphotericin B to prevent relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group and Mycoses Study Group. N Engl J Med 326: 793–798.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.326 , pp. 793-798
    • Powderly, W.G.1    Saag, M.S.2    Cloud, G.A.3    Robinson, P.4    Meyer, R.D.5    Jacobson, J.M.6
  • 59
    • 0029918671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of mycoses in the HIV infected patient: clinical aspects
    • Rinaldi M.G. (1996) Epidemiology of mycoses in the HIV infected patient: clinical aspects. Int J Antimicrob Agents 6: 131–134.
    • (1996) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.6 , pp. 131-134
    • Rinaldi, M.G.1
  • 60
    • 0033047485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of itraconazole versus fluconazole as maintenance therapy for AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group
    • Saag M.S. Cloud G.A. Graybill J.R. Sobel J.D. Tuazon C.U. Johnson P.C. (1999) A comparison of itraconazole versus fluconazole as maintenance therapy for AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 28: 291–296.
    • (1999) Clin Infect Dis , vol.28 , pp. 291-296
    • Saag, M.S.1    Cloud, G.A.2    Graybill, J.R.3    Sobel, J.D.4    Tuazon, C.U.5    Johnson, P.C.6
  • 61
    • 0033801252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice guidelines for the management of cryptococcal disease. Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Saag M.S. Graybill R.J. Larsen R.A. Pappas P.G. Perfect J.R. Powderly W.G. (2000) Practice guidelines for the management of cryptococcal disease. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 30: 710–718.
    • (2000) Clin Infect Dis , vol.30 , pp. 710-718
    • Saag, M.S.1    Graybill, R.J.2    Larsen, R.A.3    Pappas, P.G.4    Perfect, J.R.5    Powderly, W.G.6
  • 62
    • 0026320039 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of amphotericin B with fluconazole in the treatment of acute AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. The NIAID Mycoses Study Group and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group
    • Saag M.S. Powderly W.G. Cloud G.A. Robinson P. Grieco M.H. Sharkey P.K. (1992) Comparison of amphotericin B with fluconazole in the treatment of acute AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. The NIAID Mycoses Study Group and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. N Engl J Med 326: 83–89.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.326 , pp. 83-89
    • Saag, M.S.1    Powderly, W.G.2    Cloud, G.A.3    Robinson, P.4    Grieco, M.H.5    Sharkey, P.K.6
  • 64
    • 0030854504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis: approach to management
    • Saraceno J.L. Phelps D.T. Ferro T.J. Futerfas R. Schwartz D.B. (1997) Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis: approach to management. Chest 112: 541–548.
    • (1997) Chest , vol.112 , pp. 541-548
    • Saraceno, J.L.1    Phelps, D.T.2    Ferro, T.J.3    Futerfas, R.4    Schwartz, D.B.5
  • 65
    • 0015140026 scopus 로고
    • Disseminated histoplasmosis: results of long-term follow-up. A center for disease control cooperative mycoses study
    • Sarosi G.A. Voth D.W. Dahl B.A. Doto I.L. Tosh F.E. (1971) Disseminated histoplasmosis: results of long-term follow-up. A center for disease control cooperative mycoses study. Ann Intern Med 75: 511–516.
    • (1971) Ann Intern Med , vol.75 , pp. 511-516
    • Sarosi, G.A.1    Voth, D.W.2    Dahl, B.A.3    Doto, I.L.4    Tosh, F.E.5
  • 66
    • 33645302916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current approaches to diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis
    • Segal B.H. Walsh T.J. (2006) Current approaches to diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173: 707–717.
    • (2006) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.173 , pp. 707-717
    • Segal, B.H.1    Walsh, T.J.2
  • 67
    • 15744394140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in AIDS-related Cryptococcus neoformans disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • Shelburne S.A. III Darcourt J. White A.C. Jr Greenberg S.B. Hamill R.J. Atmar R.L. (2005a) The role of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in AIDS-related Cryptococcus neoformans disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 40: 1049–1052.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.40 , pp. 1049-1052
    • Shelburne, S.A.1    Darcourt, J.2    White, A.C.3    Greenberg, S.B.4    Hamill, R.J.5    Atmar, R.L.6
  • 68
    • 15944382687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • Shelburne S.A. Visnegarwala F. Darcourt J. Graviss E.A. Giordano T.P. White A.C. Jr (2005b) Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Aids 19: 399–406.
    • (2005) Aids , vol.19 , pp. 399-406
    • Shelburne, S.A.1    Visnegarwala, F.2    Darcourt, J.3    Graviss, E.A.4    Giordano, T.P.5    White, A.C.6
  • 70
    • 34249701218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fungal infections in solid organ transplantation
    • Silveira F.P. Husain S. (2007) Fungal infections in solid organ transplantation. Med Mycol 45: 305–320.
    • (2007) Med Mycol , vol.45 , pp. 305-320
    • Silveira, F.P.1    Husain, S.2
  • 71
    • 33846989328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcosis in liver and kidney transplant recipients receiving anti-thymocyte globulin or alemtuzumab
    • Silveira F.P. Husain S. Kwak E.J. Linden P.K. Marcos A. Shapiro R. (2007) Cryptococcosis in liver and kidney transplant recipients receiving anti-thymocyte globulin or alemtuzumab. Transpl Infect Dis 9: 22–27.
    • (2007) Transpl Infect Dis , vol.9 , pp. 22-27
    • Silveira, F.P.1    Husain, S.2    Kwak, E.J.3    Linden, P.K.4    Marcos, A.5    Shapiro, R.6
  • 72
    • 54249083471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients: current state of the science
    • Singh N. Dromer F. Perfect J.R. Lortholary O. (2008) Cryptococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients: current state of the science. Clin Infect Dis 47: 1321–1327.
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.47 , pp. 1321-1327
    • Singh, N.1    Dromer, F.2    Perfect, J.R.3    Lortholary, O.4
  • 73
    • 72949120623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive aspergillosis in solid organ transplant recipients
    • Singh N. Husain S. (2009) Invasive aspergillosis in solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 9(Suppl. 4): S180's191.
    • (2009) Am J Transplant , vol.9 , pp. S180-S191
    • Singh, N.1    Husain, S.2
  • 74
    • 20444401226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An immune reconstitution syndrome-like illness associated with Cryptococcus neoformans infection in organ transplant recipients
    • Singh N. Lortholary O. Alexander B.D. Gupta K.L. John G.T. Pursell K. (2005) An immune reconstitution syndrome-like illness associated with Cryptococcus neoformans infection in organ transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 40: 1756–1761.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.40 , pp. 1756-1761
    • Singh, N.1    Lortholary, O.2    Alexander, B.D.3    Gupta, K.L.4    John, G.T.5    Pursell, K.6
  • 75
    • 40849085320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive fungal disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: an autopsy-driven survey
    • Sinko J. Csomor J. Nikolova R. Lueff S. Krivan G. Remenyi P. (2008) Invasive fungal disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: an autopsy-driven survey. Transpl Infect Dis 10: 106–109.
    • (2008) Transpl Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 106-109
    • Sinko, J.1    Csomor, J.2    Nikolova, R.3    Lueff, S.4    Krivan, G.5    Remenyi, P.6
  • 76
    • 0000306381 scopus 로고
    • Varieties of coccidioidal infection in relation to the epidemiology and control of the diseases
    • Smith C.E. Beard R.R. (1946) Varieties of coccidioidal infection in relation to the epidemiology and control of the diseases. Am J Public Health Nations Health 36: 1394–1402.
    • (1946) Am J Public Health Nations Health , vol.36 , pp. 1394-1402
    • Smith, C.E.1    Beard, R.R.2
  • 77
    • 0036283440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis
    • Soubani A.O. Chandrasekar P.H. (2002) The clinical spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis. Chest 121: 1988–1999.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.121 , pp. 1988-1999
    • Soubani, A.O.1    Chandrasekar, P.H.2
  • 78
    • 0033801039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice guidelines for diseases caused by Aspergillus. Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Stevens D.A. Kan V.L. Judson M.A. Morrison V.A. Dummer S. Denning D.W. (2000) Practice guidelines for diseases caused by Aspergillus. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 30: 696–709.
    • (2000) Clin Infect Dis , vol.30 , pp. 696-709
    • Stevens, D.A.1    Kan, V.L.2    Judson, M.A.3    Morrison, V.A.4    Dummer, S.5    Denning, D.W.6
  • 80
    • 0036758557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of histoplasmosis following allogeneic bone marrow transplant or solid organ transplant in a hyperendemic area
    • Vail G.M. Young R.S. Wheat L.J. Filo R.S. Cornetta K. Goldman M. (2002) Incidence of histoplasmosis following allogeneic bone marrow transplant or solid organ transplant in a hyperendemic area. Transpl Infect Dis 4: 148–151.
    • (2002) Transpl Infect Dis , vol.4 , pp. 148-151
    • Vail, G.M.1    Young, R.S.2    Wheat, L.J.3    Filo, R.S.4    Cornetta, K.5    Goldman, M.6
  • 81
    • 0038025895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group and AIDS Clinical Trials Group
    • van der Horst C.M. Saag M.S. Cloud G.A. Hamill R.J. Graybill J.R. Sobel J.D. (1997) Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group and AIDS Clinical Trials Group. N Engl J Med 337: 15–21.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 15-21
    • van der Horst, C.M.1    Saag, M.S.2    Cloud, G.A.3    Hamill, R.J.4    Graybill, J.R.5    Sobel, J.D.6
  • 82
    • 74349131149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coccidioidomycosis in transplant recipients: a primer for clinicians in nonendemic areas
    • Vikram H.R. Blair J.E. (2009) Coccidioidomycosis in transplant recipients: a primer for clinicians in nonendemic areas. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 14: 606–612.
    • (2009) Curr Opin Organ Transplant , vol.14 , pp. 606-612
    • Vikram, H.R.1    Blair, J.E.2
  • 83
    • 0034837907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical epidemiology of pulmonary cryptococcosis in non-AIDS patients at a tertiary care medical center
    • Vilchez R.A. Irish W. Lacomis J. Costello P. Fung J. Kusne S. (2001) The clinical epidemiology of pulmonary cryptococcosis in non-AIDS patients at a tertiary care medical center. Medicine (Baltimore) 80: 308–312.
    • (2001) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.80 , pp. 308-312
    • Vilchez, R.A.1    Irish, W.2    Lacomis, J.3    Costello, P.4    Fung, J.5    Kusne, S.6
  • 84
    • 0032450164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute respiratory failure associated with cryptococcosis in patients with AIDS: analysis of predictive factors
    • Visnegarwala F. Graviss E.A. Lacke C.E. Dural A.T. Johnson P.C. Atmar R.L. (1998) Acute respiratory failure associated with cryptococcosis in patients with AIDS: analysis of predictive factors. Clin Infect Dis 27: 1231–1237.
    • (1998) Clin Infect Dis , vol.27 , pp. 1231-1237
    • Visnegarwala, F.1    Graviss, E.A.2    Lacke, C.E.3    Dural, A.T.4    Johnson, P.C.5    Atmar, R.L.6
  • 86
    • 0033545538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liposomal amphotericin B for empirical therapy in patients with persistent fever and neutropenia. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group
    • Walsh T.J. Finberg R.W. Arndt C. Hiemenz J. Schwartz C. Bodensteiner D. (1999) Liposomal amphotericin B for empirical therapy in patients with persistent fever and neutropenia. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group. N Engl J Med 340: 764–771.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 764-771
    • Walsh, T.J.1    Finberg, R.W.2    Arndt, C.3    Hiemenz, J.4    Schwartz, C.5    Bodensteiner, D.6
  • 87
    • 0028851045 scopus 로고
    • Endemic mycoses in AIDS: a clinical review
    • Wheat J. (1995) Endemic mycoses in AIDS: a clinical review. Clin Microbiol Rev 8: 146–159.
    • (1995) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.8 , pp. 146-159
    • Wheat, J.1
  • 88
    • 0028949070 scopus 로고
    • Itraconazole treatment of disseminated histoplasmosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS Clinical Trial Group
    • Wheat J. Hafner R. Korzun A.H. Limjoco M.T. Spencer P. Larsen R.A. (1995) Itraconazole treatment of disseminated histoplasmosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS Clinical Trial Group. Am J Med 98: 336–342.
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.98 , pp. 336-342
    • Wheat, J.1    Hafner, R.2    Korzun, A.H.3    Limjoco, M.T.4    Spencer, P.5    Larsen, R.A.6
  • 89
    • 34848865974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with histoplasmosis: 2007 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Wheat L.J. Freifeld A.G. Kleiman M.B. Baddley J.W. McKinsey D.S. Loyd J.E. (2007) Clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with histoplasmosis: 2007 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 45: 807–825.
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.45 , pp. 807-825
    • Wheat, L.J.1    Freifeld, A.G.2    Kleiman, M.B.3    Baddley, J.W.4    McKinsey, D.S.5    Loyd, J.E.6
  • 90
    • 0026606053 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcal meningitis: outcome in patients with AIDS and patients with neoplastic disease
    • White M. Cirrincione C. Blevins A. Armstrong D. (1992) Cryptococcal meningitis: outcome in patients with AIDS and patients with neoplastic disease. J Infect Dis 165: 960–963.
    • (1992) J Infect Dis , vol.165 , pp. 960-963
    • White, M.1    Cirrincione, C.2    Blevins, A.3    Armstrong, D.4
  • 91
    • 7344264567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, double-blind clinical trial of amphotericin B colloidal dispersion vs. amphotericin B in the empirical treatment of fever and neutropenia
    • White M.H. Bowden R.A. Sandler E.S. Graham M.L. Noskin G.A. Wingard J.R. (1998) Randomized, double-blind clinical trial of amphotericin B colloidal dispersion vs. amphotericin B in the empirical treatment of fever and neutropenia. Clin Infect Dis 27: 296–302.
    • (1998) Clin Infect Dis , vol.27 , pp. 296-302
    • White, M.H.1    Bowden, R.A.2    Sandler, E.S.3    Graham, M.L.4    Noskin, G.A.5    Wingard, J.R.6
  • 92
    • 42949093686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary cutaneous Cryptococcosis during therapy with methotrexate and adalimumab
    • Wilson M.L. Sewell L.D. Mowad C.M. (2008) Primary cutaneous Cryptococcosis during therapy with methotrexate and adalimumab. J Drugs Dermatol 7: 53–54.
    • (2008) J Drugs Dermatol , vol.7 , pp. 53-54
    • Wilson, M.L.1    Sewell, L.D.2    Mowad, C.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.