메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 67, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 2109-2129

Non-direct patient care factors influencing nursing workload: A review of the literature

Author keywords

Hospitals; Integrative review; Nursing; Theoretical models; Workload

Indexed keywords

ACUTE DISEASE; HEALTH PERSONNEL ATTITUDE; HOSPITAL; HUMAN; MENTAL STRESS; METHODOLOGY; NURSE PATIENT RELATIONSHIP; NURSING; NURSING CARE; NURSING STAFF; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT; REVIEW; SYSTEMS THEORY; THEORETICAL MODEL; TIME; WORKLOAD;

EID: 80052519526     PISSN: 03092402     EISSN: 13652648     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05689.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (61)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0141994504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staffing in acute hospital wards: Part 1. The relationship between number of nurses and ward organizational environment
    • Adams A. & Bond S. (2003) Staffing in acute hospital wards: Part 1. The relationship between number of nurses and ward organizational environment. Journal of Nursing Management 11(5), 287-292.
    • (2003) Journal of Nursing Management , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 287-292
    • Adams, A.1    Bond, S.2
  • 4
    • 48349141930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse nurse outcomes: correlation to nurses' workload, staffing, and shift rotation in Kuwaiti hospitals
    • Al-Kandari F. & Thomas D. (2008) Adverse nurse outcomes: correlation to nurses' workload, staffing, and shift rotation in Kuwaiti hospitals. Applied Nursing Research 21(3), 139-146.
    • (2008) Applied Nursing Research , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 139-146
    • Al-Kandari, F.1    Thomas, D.2
  • 5
    • 80052532884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excess nursing workload and extra cost attributable to ventilator associated pneumonia in intensive care unit
    • Apostolopoulou E. & Veldekis D. (2004) Excess nursing workload and extra cost attributable to ventilator associated pneumonia in intensive care unit. ICUs & Nursing Web Journal 20, 1-7.
    • (2004) ICUs & Nursing Web Journal , vol.20 , pp. 1-7
    • Apostolopoulou, E.1    Veldekis, D.2
  • 8
    • 33746710909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying patient care intensity: an evidence-based approach to determining staffing requirements
    • Beglinger J.E. (2006) Quantifying patient care intensity: an evidence-based approach to determining staffing requirements. Nursing Administration Quarterly 30(3), 193-202.
    • (2006) Nursing Administration Quarterly , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 193-202
    • Beglinger, J.E.1
  • 9
    • 33646110080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of organisational characteristics, work characteristics and nurses' psychological work reactions in a hospital and nursing home setting
    • van den Berg T.I., Landeweerd J.A., Tummers G.E. & van Merode G.G. (2006) A comparative study of organisational characteristics, work characteristics and nurses' psychological work reactions in a hospital and nursing home setting. International Journal of Nursing Studies 43(4), 491-505.
    • (2006) International Journal of Nursing Studies , vol.43 , Issue.4 , pp. 491-505
    • van den Berg, T.I.1    Landeweerd, J.A.2    Tummers, G.E.3    van Merode, G.G.4
  • 10
    • 0028673324 scopus 로고
    • A proposed methodology for the prediction of mental workload
    • Bi S. & Salvendy G. (1994) A proposed methodology for the prediction of mental workload. Work & Stress 8(4), 355-371.
    • (1994) Work & Stress , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 355-371
    • Bi, S.1    Salvendy, G.2
  • 11
    • 0026596545 scopus 로고
    • Early determinants of required nursing care hours in the acute care setting
    • Bostrom J. (1992) Early determinants of required nursing care hours in the acute care setting. Inquiry 29(1), 99-104.
    • (1992) Inquiry , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 99-104
    • Bostrom, J.1
  • 12
    • 63849343684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient acuity: a concept analysis
    • Brennan C.W. & Daly B.J. (2009) Patient acuity: a concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing 65(5), 1114-1126.
    • (2009) Journal of Advanced Nursing , vol.65 , Issue.5 , pp. 1114-1126
    • Brennan, C.W.1    Daly, B.J.2
  • 13
    • 13544267145 scopus 로고
    • Integrative literature reviews for the development of concepts
    • In, 2nd edn (Rodgers B.L. & Knafl K.A., eds), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA -
    • Broome M.E. (1993) Integrative literature reviews for the development of concepts. In Concept Development in Nursing, 2nd edn (Rodgers B.L. & Knafl K.A., eds), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA, pp. 231-250.
    • (1993) Concept Development in Nursing , pp. 231-250
    • Broome, M.E.1
  • 14
    • 0025381464 scopus 로고
    • Quality of reporting in diabetes patient education research: 1954-1986
    • Brown S.A. (1990) Quality of reporting in diabetes patient education research: 1954-1986. Research in Nursing & Health 13, 53-62.
    • (1990) Research in Nursing & Health , vol.13 , pp. 53-62
    • Brown, S.A.1
  • 15
    • 0036319370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skill mix in the health care workforce: reviewing the evidence
    • Buchan J. & Dal Poz M.R. (2002) Skill mix in the health care workforce: reviewing the evidence. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 80(7), 575-580.
    • (2002) Bulletin of the World Health Organization , vol.80 , Issue.7 , pp. 575-580
    • Buchan, J.1    Dal Poz, M.R.2
  • 16
    • 0041644710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing the retention and turnover intentions of registrered nurses in a Singapore hospital
    • Chan E.-Y. & Morrison P. (2000) Factors influencing the retention and turnover intentions of registrered nurses in a Singapore hospital. Nursing and Health Sciences 2, 113-121.
    • (2000) Nursing and Health Sciences , vol.2 , pp. 113-121
    • Chan, E.-Y.1    Morrison, P.2
  • 17
    • 16644373609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The decision process of leaving nursing
    • Cheung J. (2004) The decision process of leaving nursing. Australian Health Review 28(3), 340-348.
    • (2004) Australian Health Review , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 340-348
    • Cheung, J.1
  • 18
    • 0035289397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nurse staffing and adverse patient outcomes: a systems approach
    • Cho S.H. (2001) Nurse staffing and adverse patient outcomes: a systems approach. Nursing Outlook 49(2), 78-85.
    • (2001) Nursing Outlook , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 78-85
    • Cho, S.H.1
  • 19
    • 41049105662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staffing level: a determinant of late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Cimiotti J.P. (2007) Staffing level: a determinant of late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia. Critical care 11(4), 154.
    • (2007) Critical care , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 154
    • Cimiotti, J.P.1
  • 21
    • 0033647545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do new roles contribute to job satisfaction and retention of staff in nursing and professions allied to medicine?
    • Collins K., Jones M.L., Mcdonnell A., Read S., Jones R. & Cameron A. (2000) Do new roles contribute to job satisfaction and retention of staff in nursing and professions allied to medicine? Journal of Nursing Management 8, 3-12.
    • (2000) Journal of Nursing Management , vol.8 , pp. 3-12
    • Collins, K.1    Jones, M.L.2    Mcdonnell, A.3    Read, S.4    Jones, R.5    Cameron, A.6
  • 22
    • 0041349299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing primary study quality inmeta-analyses
    • Conn V.S. & Rantz M.J. (2003) Managing primary study quality inmeta-analyses. Research in Nursing and Health 26, 322-333.
    • (2003) Research in Nursing and Health , vol.26 , pp. 322-333
    • Conn, V.S.1    Rantz, M.J.2
  • 27
    • 33646114293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods of measuring nursing workload in Australia
    • Duffield C., Roche M. & Merrick E.T. (2006) Methods of measuring nursing workload in Australia. Collegian 13(1), 16-22.
    • (2006) Collegian , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 16-22
    • Duffield, C.1    Roche, M.2    Merrick, E.T.3
  • 28
    • 0022292184 scopus 로고
    • A research appraisal checklist for evaluating nursing research reports
    • Duffy M.E. (1985) A research appraisal checklist for evaluating nursing research reports. Nursing & Health Care 6, 538-547.
    • (1985) Nursing & Health Care , vol.6 , pp. 538-547
    • Duffy, M.E.1
  • 29
    • 0028607233 scopus 로고
    • The nursing workload in neonatology when parents participate in the care of their infant
    • Dumez L. (1994) The nursing workload in neonatology when parents participate in the care of their infant. Journal d'Economie Médicale 12, 143-148.
    • (1994) Journal d'Economie Médicale , vol.12 , pp. 143-148
    • Dumez, L.1
  • 30
    • 1542346168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nurse staffing and patient falls on acute care hospital units
    • Dunton N., Gajewski B., Taunton R.L. & Moore J. (2004) Nurse staffing and patient falls on acute care hospital units. Nursing Outlook 52(1), 53-59.
    • (2004) Nursing Outlook , vol.52 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-59
    • Dunton, N.1    Gajewski, B.2    Taunton, R.L.3    Moore, J.4
  • 32
    • 0029400166 scopus 로고
    • Intention of inactive registered nurses to return to nursing
    • Fottler M.D. & Widra L.S. (1995) Intention of inactive registered nurses to return to nursing. Medical Care Research and Review 52(4), 492-516.
    • (1995) Medical Care Research and Review , vol.52 , Issue.4 , pp. 492-516
    • Fottler, M.D.1    Widra, L.S.2
  • 34
    • 20944451840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nursing time allocation and other considerations for staffing
    • Gran-Moravec M.B. & Hughes C.M. (2005) Nursing time allocation and other considerations for staffing. Nursing & Health Sciences 7(2), 126-133.
    • (2005) Nursing & Health Sciences , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 126-133
    • Gran-Moravec, M.B.1    Hughes, C.M.2
  • 35
    • 34248382538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance obstacles of intensive care nurses
    • Gurses A.P. & Carayon P. (2007) Performance obstacles of intensive care nurses. Nursing Research 56(3), 185-194.
    • (2007) Nursing Research , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 185-194
    • Gurses, A.P.1    Carayon, P.2
  • 36
    • 2142713185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Work-related stress of registered nurses in a hospital setting
    • Hall D.S. (2004) Work-related stress of registered nurses in a hospital setting. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development 20(1), 6-16.
    • (2004) Journal for Nurses in Staff Development , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 6-16
    • Hall, D.S.1
  • 37
    • 0029349655 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal nursing workload-can it be measured?
    • van den Heever J.M. (1995) Neonatal nursing workload-can it be measured? Curationis 18(3), 43-47.
    • (1995) Curationis , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 43-47
    • van den Heever, J.M.1
  • 38
    • 79953858010 scopus 로고
    • What is systems theory?
    • (&, eds), Principia Cybernetica, Brussels. Retrieved from on 29 September 2010.
    • Heylighen F. & Joslyn C.. (1992) What is systems theory? In: Principia Cybernetica Web (Heylighen F. & Joslyn C., eds), Principia Cybernetica, Brussels. Retrieved from on 29 September 2010.
    • (1992) Principia Cybernetica Web
    • Heylighen, F.1    Joslyn, C.2    Heylighen, F.3    Joslyn, C.4
  • 39
    • 0030867143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating stress effect patterns in hospital staff nurses: results of a cluster analysis
    • Hillhouse J.J. & Adler C.M. (1997) Investigating stress effect patterns in hospital staff nurses: results of a cluster analysis. Social Science & Medicine 45(12), 1781-1788.
    • (1997) Social Science & Medicine , vol.45 , Issue.12 , pp. 1781-1788
    • Hillhouse, J.J.1    Adler, C.M.2
  • 40
    • 77953912288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Singapore -
    • Hoag A. & Hoag J. (2002) Introductory Economics. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Singapore, pp. 1-453.
    • (2002) Introductory Economics , pp. 1-453
    • Hoag, A.1    Hoag, J.2
  • 41
    • 27944501529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of emergency department volume on registered nurse time at the bedside
    • Hobgood C., Villani J. & Quattlebaum R. (2005) Impact of emergency department volume on registered nurse time at the bedside. Annals of Emergency Medicine 46(6), 481-489.
    • (2005) Annals of Emergency Medicine , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 481-489
    • Hobgood, C.1    Villani, J.2    Quattlebaum, R.3
  • 42
    • 0037231613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model for evaluating the context of nursing care delivery
    • Houser J.L. (2000) A model for evaluating the context of nursing care delivery. Journal of Nursing Administration 33(1), 39-47.
    • (2000) Journal of Nursing Administration , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-47
    • Houser, J.L.1
  • 43
    • 33845918207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of workload on infection risk in critically ill patients
    • Hugonnet S., Chevrolet J.C. & Pittet D. (2007) The effect of workload on infection risk in critically ill patients. Critical Care Medicine 35(1), 76-81.
    • (2007) Critical Care Medicine , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-81
    • Hugonnet, S.1    Chevrolet, J.C.2    Pittet, D.3
  • 44
    • 0025392595 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between nursing work load and turnover
    • Jolma D.J. (1990) Relationship between nursing work load and turnover. Nursing Economics 8(2), 110-114.
    • (1990) Nursing Economics , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 110-114
    • Jolma, D.J.1
  • 45
    • 36248999952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of registered nurse staffing levels and patient outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Kane R.L., Shamliyan T.A., Mueller C., Duval S. & Wilt T.J. (2007) The association of registered nurse staffing levels and patient outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Medical Care 45(12), 1195-1204.
    • (2007) Medical Care , vol.45 , Issue.12 , pp. 1195-1204
    • Kane, R.L.1    Shamliyan, T.A.2    Mueller, C.3    Duval, S.4    Wilt, T.J.5
  • 46
    • 31844454339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations in nursing practice environments: relation to staffing and hospital characteristics
    • Lake E.T. & Friese C.R. (2006) Variations in nursing practice environments: relation to staffing and hospital characteristics. Nursing Research 55(1), 1-9.
    • (2006) Nursing Research , vol.55 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-9
    • Lake, E.T.1    Friese, C.R.2
  • 47
    • 4043063731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nurse-patient ratios: a systematic review on the effects of nurse staffing on patient, nurse employee, and hospital outcomes
    • Lang T.A., Hodge M., Olson V., Romano P.S. & Kravitz R.L. (2004) Nurse-patient ratios: a systematic review on the effects of nurse staffing on patient, nurse employee, and hospital outcomes. Journal of Nursing Administration 34(7-8), 326-337.
    • (2004) Journal of Nursing Administration , vol.34 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 326-337
    • Lang, T.A.1    Hodge, M.2    Olson, V.3    Romano, P.S.4    Kravitz, R.L.5
  • 48
    • 0347479312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive model for predicting burnout in Korean nurses
    • Lee H., Song R., Cho Y.S., Lee G.Z. & Daly B. (2003) A comprehensive model for predicting burnout in Korean nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing 44(5), 534-545.
    • (2003) Journal of Advanced Nursing , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 534-545
    • Lee, H.1    Song, R.2    Cho, Y.S.3    Lee, G.Z.4    Daly, B.5
  • 49
    • 33646161473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships of work and practice environment to professional burnout: testing a causal model
    • Leiter M. & Laschinger H. (2006) Relationships of work and practice environment to professional burnout: testing a causal model. Nursing Research 55, 46.
    • (2006) Nursing Research , vol.55 , pp. 46
    • Leiter, M.1    Laschinger, H.2
  • 51
    • 80052536830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massachusetts Nurses Association () Retrieved from on 8 September 2009.
    • Massachusetts Nurses Association (2003) Retrieved from on 8 September 2009.
    • (2003)
  • 52
    • 27644486956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A narrative approach to understanding the nursing work environment in Canada
    • McGillis H.L. & Kiesners D. (2005) A narrative approach to understanding the nursing work environment in Canada. Social Science and Medicine 61(12), 2482-2491.
    • (2005) Social Science and Medicine , vol.61 , Issue.12 , pp. 2482-2491
    • McGillis, H.L.1    Kiesners, D.2
  • 54
    • 33846971192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconsidering the conceptualization of nursing workload: literature review
    • Morris R., MacNeela P., Scott A., Treacy P. & Hyde A. (2007) Reconsidering the conceptualization of nursing workload: literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 57(5), 463-471.
    • (2007) Journal of Advanced Nursing , vol.57 , Issue.5 , pp. 463-471
    • Morris, R.1    MacNeela, P.2    Scott, A.3    Treacy, P.4    Hyde, A.5
  • 55
    • 0031085059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy in workload measurement: a fact or fallacy?
    • Needham J. (1997) Accuracy in workload measurement: a fact or fallacy? Journal of Nursing Management 5(2), 83-87.
    • (1997) Journal of Nursing Management , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 83-87
    • Needham, J.1
  • 56
    • 0035230533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospital restructuring and the work of registered nurses
    • Norrish B.R. & Rundall T.G. (2001) Hospital restructuring and the work of registered nurses. Milbank Quarterly 79(1), 55-79.
    • (2001) Milbank Quarterly , vol.79 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-79
    • Norrish, B.R.1    Rundall, T.G.2
  • 57
  • 60
    • 43549101137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working condition factors associated with time pressure of nurses in Japanese hospitals
    • Seki Y. (2008) Working condition factors associated with time pressure of nurses in Japanese hospitals. Journal of Occupational Health 50(2), 181-190.
    • (2008) Journal of Occupational Health , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-190
    • Seki, Y.1
  • 61
    • 1642603863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The determinants of job satisfaction among hospital nurses: a model estimation in Korea
    • Seo Y., Ko J. & Price J.L. (2004) The determinants of job satisfaction among hospital nurses: a model estimation in Korea. International Journal of Nursing Studies 41(4), 437-446.
    • (2004) International Journal of Nursing Studies , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 437-446
    • Seo, Y.1    Ko, J.2    Price, J.L.3
  • 62
    • 0029677288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse health effects of high effort-low reward conditions
    • Seigrist J. (1996) Adverse health effects of high effort-low reward conditions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 1, 27-41.
    • (1996) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , vol.1 , pp. 27-41
    • Seigrist, J.1
  • 63
    • 12744260603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between UK hospital nurse staffing and emotional exhaustion and job dissatisfaction
    • Sheward L., Hunt J., Hagen S., Macleod M. & Ball J. (2005) The relationship between UK hospital nurse staffing and emotional exhaustion and job dissatisfaction. Journal of Nursing Management 13(1), 51-60.
    • (2005) Journal of Nursing Management , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-60
    • Sheward, L.1    Hunt, J.2    Hagen, S.3    Macleod, M.4    Ball, J.5
  • 64
    • 23344449028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reasons for leaving nursing care and improvements needed for considering a return: a study among Swedish nursing personnel
    • Sjogren K., Fochsen G., Josephson M. & Lagerstrom M. (2005) Reasons for leaving nursing care and improvements needed for considering a return: a study among Swedish nursing personnel. International Journal of Nursing Studies 42(7), 751-758.
    • (2005) International Journal of Nursing Studies , vol.42 , Issue.7 , pp. 751-758
    • Sjogren, K.1    Fochsen, G.2    Josephson, M.3    Lagerstrom, M.4
  • 65
    • 0141941159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruptive behaviors of older adults in an institutional setting. Staff time required to manage disruptions
    • Souder E. & O'Sullivan P. (2003) Disruptive behaviors of older adults in an institutional setting. Staff time required to manage disruptions. Journal of Gerontological Nursing 29(8), 31-36.
    • (2003) Journal of Gerontological Nursing , vol.29 , Issue.8 , pp. 31-36
    • Souder, E.1    O'Sullivan, P.2
  • 68
    • 33746857309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational stress, job satisfaction, and working environment among Icelandic nurses: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey
    • Sveinsdottir H., Biering P. & Ramel A. (2006) Occupational stress, job satisfaction, and working environment among Icelandic nurses: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies 43(7), 875-889.
    • (2006) International Journal of Nursing Studies , vol.43 , Issue.7 , pp. 875-889
    • Sveinsdottir, H.1    Biering, P.2    Ramel, A.3
  • 69
    • 0016754278 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of nursing work load using head nurses' perceptions
    • Trivedi V.M. & Hancock W.M. (1975) Measurement of nursing work load using head nurses' perceptions. Nursing Research 24(5), 371-376.
    • (1975) Nursing Research , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 371-376
    • Trivedi, V.M.1    Hancock, W.M.2
  • 70
    • 0036125449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization, work and work reactions: a study of the relationship between organizational aspects of nursing and nurses' work characteristics and work reactions
    • Tummers G.E., Landeweerd J.A. & van Merode G.G. (2002a) Organization, work and work reactions: a study of the relationship between organizational aspects of nursing and nurses' work characteristics and work reactions. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences 16(1), 52-58.
    • (2002) Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 52-58
    • Tummers, G.E.1    Landeweerd, J.A.2    van Merode, G.G.3
  • 71
    • 0036831005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diversity of work: differences, similarities and relationships concerning characteristics of the organisation, the work and psychological work reactions in intensive care and non-intensive care nursing
    • Tummers G.E., van Merode G.G. & Landeweerd J.A. (2002b) The diversity of work: differences, similarities and relationships concerning characteristics of the organisation, the work and psychological work reactions in intensive care and non-intensive care nursing. International Journal of Nursing Studies 39(8), 841-855.
    • (2002) International Journal of Nursing Studies , vol.39 , Issue.8 , pp. 841-855
    • Tummers, G.E.1    van Merode, G.G.2    Landeweerd, J.A.3
  • 72
    • 56949103161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of workload measures: a context for a new staffing methodology in Western Australia
    • Twigg D. & Duffield C. (2009) A review of workload measures: a context for a new staffing methodology in Western Australia. International Journal of Nursing Studies 46(1), 131-139.
    • (2009) International Journal of Nursing Studies , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-139
    • Twigg, D.1    Duffield, C.2
  • 73
    • 80052526525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University of Twente () Systems Theory. Retrieved from on 12 November 2010.
    • University of Twente (2003) Systems Theory. Retrieved from on 12 November 2010.
    • (2003)
  • 74
    • 0037388583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of LPN reductions on RN patient load
    • Unruh L. (2003) The effect of LPN reductions on RN patient load. Journal of Nursing Administration 33(4), 201-208.
    • (2003) Journal of Nursing Administration , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 201-208
    • Unruh, L.1
  • 75
    • 33644865524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient turnover and nursing staff adequacy
    • Unruh L.Y. & Fottler M.D. (2006) Patient turnover and nursing staff adequacy. Health Services Research 41(2), 599-612.
    • (2006) Health Services Research , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 599-612
    • Unruh, L.Y.1    Fottler, M.D.2
  • 76
    • 0344198068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving nurse staffing measures: discharge day measurement in "adjusted patient days of care"
    • Unruh L.Y., Fottler M.D. & Talbott L.L. (2003) Improving nurse staffing measures: discharge day measurement in "adjusted patient days of care". Inquiry 40(3), 295-304.
    • (2003) Inquiry , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 295-304
    • Unruh, L.Y.1    Fottler, M.D.2    Talbott, L.L.3
  • 77
    • 19644385345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analyzing fluctuating unit census for timely staffing intervention
    • Wagner C., Budreau G. & Everett L.Q. (2005) Analyzing fluctuating unit census for timely staffing intervention. Nursing Economic$ 23(2), 85-90.
    • (2005) Nursing Economic$ , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 85-90
    • Wagner, C.1    Budreau, G.2    Everett, L.Q.3
  • 79
    • 28044463360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The integrative review: updated methodology
    • Whittemore R. & Knafl K. (2005) The integrative review: updated methodology. Journal of Advanced Nursing 52, 546-553.
    • (2005) Journal of Advanced Nursing , vol.52 , pp. 546-553
    • Whittemore, R.1    Knafl, K.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.