Inattention, working memory, and academic achievement in adolescents referred for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Child Neuropsychology

Volumn 17, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 444-458

  Rogers, Maria ^a   Hwang, Heungsun ^b   Toplak, Maggie ^c   Weiss, Margaret ^d   Tannock, Rosemary ^a,e  

^a HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^d CHILDREN S AND WOMEN S HEALTH CENTRE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Academic achievement; Adolescence; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Inattention; Working memory

Indexed keywords

ACHIEVEMENT; ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REPRODUCIBILITY; SHORT TERM MEMORY;

ACHIEVEMENT; ADOLESCENT; ATTENTION; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS;

EID: 80052488529     PISSN: 09297049     EISSN: 17444136     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2010.544648     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Acheson, D. J., & MacDonald, M. C. (2009). Verbal working memory and language production: Common approaches to the serial ordering of verbal information. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 50-68.
2. Adams, W., & Sheslow, D. (1990). Wide range assessment of memory and learning. Wilmington, DE: Wide Range.
3. Alloway, T. P., & Alloway, R. (2010). Investigating the predictive roles of working memory and IQ in academic attainment. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 106, 20-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2009.11.003.
4. Alloway, T. P., Elliot, J., & Place, M. (2010). Investigating the relationship between attention and working memory in clinical and community samples. Child Neuropsychology, 16, 242-254. doi: 10.1080/09297040903559655
5. Alloway, T. P., Gathercole, S. E., & Pickering, S. J. (2006). Verbal and visualspatial short term and working memory in children: Are they separable? Child Development, 77, 1698-1716. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00968.x (Pubitemid 44730036)
6. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders (text revision). Washington, DC: Author.
7. Ashcraft, M. H., & Krause, J. A. (2007). Working memory, math performance, and math anxiety. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 14, 243-248.
8. Baddeley, A. (2003a). Working memory: Looking back and looking forward. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 4, 829-839. doi: 10.1038/nrn1201 (Pubitemid 37314405)
9. Baddeley, A. (2003b). Working memory and language: An overview. Journal of Communication Disorders, 36, 189-208. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9924(03)00019-4 (Pubitemid 36547905)
10. Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 8, pp. 47-90). New York, NY: Academic Press.
11. Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Smallish, L., & Fletcher, K. (2002). The persistence of attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder into young adulthood as a function of the reporting source and definition of disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 279-289. doi: 10.1037/0021- 843X.111.2.279 (Pubitemid 34441206)
12. Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Smallish, L., & Fletcher, K. J. (2006). Young adult outcome of hyperactive children: Adaptive functioning in major life activities. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 192-202. (Pubitemid 43151524)
13. Biederman, J., Mick, E., & Farone, S. V. (2000). Age-dependent decline of symptoms of attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder: Impact of remission and symptom type. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 816-818. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.5.816 (Pubitemid 30249663)
14. Biederman, J., Monuteaux, M. C., Mick, E., Spencer, T., Wilens, T.E., Silva, J.M., et al. (2006). Young adult outcome of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A controlled 10-year follow-up study. Psychological Medicine, 36, 167-179. doi: 10.1017/S0033291705006410 (Pubitemid 43126141)
15. Breslau, J., Miller, E., Breslau, N., Bohnert, K., Lucia, V., & Schweitzer, J. (2009). The impact of early behavior disturbances on academic achievement in high school. Pediatrics, 123, 1472-1476.
16. Currie, J., & Stabile, M. (2006). Child mental health and human capital accumulation: The case of ADHD. Journal of Health Economics, 25, 1094-1118. (Pubitemid 44572508)
17. Dally, K. (2006). The influence of phonological processing and inattentive behavior on reading acquisition. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98, 420-437. doi: 0.1037/0022-0663.98.2. 420 (Pubitemid 43892977)
18. Ding, L., Velicer, W. F., & Harlow, L. L. (1995). Effects of estimation methods, number of indicators per factor, and improper solutions on structural equation modeling fit indices. Structural Equation Modeling, 2, 119-143.
19. DuPaul, G. J., Volpe, R. J., Jitendra, J., Lutz, G., Lorah, K. S., & Gruber, R. (2004). Elementary school students with ADHD: Predictors of academic achievement. Journal of School Psychology, 42, 285-301. doi: 10.1016/j.jsp.2004.05.001 (Pubitemid 40533697)
20. Fassbender, C., & Schweitzer, J. B. (2006). Is there evidence for a neural compensation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? A review of functional neuroimaging literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 445-465.
21. Fassinger, R. E. (1987). Use of structural equation modeling in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology Special Issue: Quantitative Foundations of Counseling Psychology Research, 34, 425-436.
22. Frazier, T.W., Youngstrom, E. A., Glutting, J. J., &Watkins, M.W. (2007). ADHD and achievement: Meta-analysis of the child, adolescent, and adult literature and a concomitant study with college students. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 40(1), 49-65.
23. Gathercole, S. E., & Alloway, T. P. (2008). Working memory and classroom learning. In S. K. Thurman and C. A. Fiorello (Eds.), Applied cognitive research in K-3 classrooms (pp. 17-40). New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis.
24. Gathercole, S. E., Durling, E., Evans,M., Jeffcock, S., & Stone, S. (2008).Working memory abilities and children's performance in laboratory analogues of classroom activities. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22, 1019-1037. doi: 10.1002/acp.1407
25. Gathercole, S. E., Pickering, S. J., Knight, C., & Stegmann, Z. (2004). Working memory skills and educational attainment: Evidence from national curriculum assessments at 7 and 14 years of age. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 18, 1-16. doi: 10.1002/scp.934 (Pubitemid 39467755)
26. Giannopulu, I., Escolano, S., Cusin, F., Citeau, H., & Dellatolas, G. (2008). Teachers' reporting of behavioural problems and cognitive-academic performances in children aged 5-7 years. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78, 127-147. doi: 10.1348/000709907X204372
27. Goodman, R. (1997). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 581-586. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x (Pubitemid 27341892)
28. Gropper, R. J., & Tannock, M. (2009). A pilot study of working memory and academic achievement in college studies with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 12, 574-581. doi: 10.1177/1087054708320390
29. Harpin, V. A. (2005). The effect of ADHD on the life of an individual, their family, and community from preschool to adult life. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 90, 2-7.
30. Holmbeck, G. N. (1997). Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators and moderators: Examples from the child-clinical and pediatric literatures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 599-610. (Pubitemid 27343830)
31. Hum, M. (2004). Psychometric properties of a teacher semi-structured interview for childhood externalizing disorders (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Toronto: Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
32. Iguchi, N. E. (2009). The relationship between mathematics achievement and working memory across education level (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). George Mason University: Fairfax, VA.
33. Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (2009). LISREL 8.8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
34. Kaplan, E., Fein, D., Kramer, J., Delis, D., & Morris, R. (1999). WISC-III as a process instrument manual. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
35. Kaufman, J., Birmaher, B., Brent, D., Rao, U., Flynn, C., Moreci, P., et al. (1997). Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children present and lifetime version (KSADS- PL): Initial reliability and validity data. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 980-988. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199707000-00021 (Pubitemid 27272932)
36. Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Ames, M., Barkley, R. A., Birnbaum, H., Greenburg, P., Johnson, J. A., Spencer, T., & Üstün, T. B. (2005). The prevalence and effects of adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on work performance in a nationally representative sample of workers. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 47, 565-572. doi: 10.1097/01.jom. 0000166863.33541.39 (Pubitemid 40847440)
37. Kilic, B. G., Bilgic, A., Gerkan, K., & Aysev, A. (2007). Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with compliance to methylphenidate treatment in children with attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 18, 207-213.
38. Klingberg, T., Fernell, E., Olesen, P. J., Johnson, M., Gustafsson, P., Dahlstrom, K., et al. (2005). Computerized training of working memory in children with ADHD - A randomized control trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44, 177-186. doi: 10.1097/00004583- 200502000-00010 (Pubitemid 40189829)
39. Levy, F., Hay, D. A., McStephen, M., Wood, C., & Waldman, I. (1997). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A category or a continuum? Genetic analysis of a large-scale twin study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 737-744. (Pubitemid 27250436)
40. Lifford, K. J., Harold, G. T., & Thapar, A. (2008). Parent-child relationships and ADHD symptoms: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 285-296. doi: 10.1007/s10802-007-9177-5
41. Marshall, R. M., Hynd, G. W., Handwrek, M. J., & Hall, J. (1997). Academic underachievement in ADHD subtypes. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 30, 635-642. doi: 10.1177/002221949703000607
42. Martinussen, R., Hayden, J., Hogg-Johnson, S., & Tannock, R. (2005). A meta-analysis of working memory impairments in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44, 377-384. doi: 10.1097/01.chi.0000153228. 72591.73 (Pubitemid 40393276)
43. Martinussen, R. L., Tannock, R., Chaban, M. P., McInnes, A., & Ferguson, B. (2006). Increasing awareness and understanding of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in education to promote better academic outcomes for students with ADHD. Exceptionality Education Canada, 16, 107-128.
44. Marx, I., Hübner, T., Herpertz, S. C., Berger, C., Reuter, E., Tilo, K., et al. (2010). Cross-sectional evaluation of cognitive functioning in children, adolescents, and young adults with ADHD. Journal of Neural Transmission, 117, 403-419. doi: 10.1007/s00702-009-3045-3
45. Mayes, S. D., & Calhoun, S. L. (2007a). Learning, attention, writing, and processing speed in typical children and children with ADHD, autism, anxiety, depression, and oppositional defiant disorder. Child Neuropsychology, 13, 469-493. doi: 10.1080/09297040601112773 (Pubitemid 350072477)
46. Mayes, S. D., & Calhoun, S. L. (2007b). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third and Fourth edition predictors of academic achievement in children with ADHD. School Psychology Quarterly, 22, 234-249.
47. Palmer, W. (2000). Working memory: A developmental study of phonological recoding. Memory, 8, 179-193. doi: 10.1080/096582100387597
48. Pelham W. E., Foster, E. M., & Robb, J. A. (2007). The economic impact of attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32, 711-727. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm022 (Pubitemid 47356048)
49. Pickering, S. J. (2001). The development of visual-spatial working memory. Memory, 9, 423-432. doi: 10.1080/09658210143000182 (Pubitemid 32894065)
50. Polanczyk, G., de Lima, M. S., Horta, B. L., Biederman, J., & Rohde, L. A. (2007). The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: A systematic review and metaregression analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 942-948. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.164.6.942 (Pubitemid 46972911)
51. Polanczyk, G., & Jensen, P. (2008). Epidemiologic considerations in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A review and update. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinics of North America, 17, 245-260. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2007.11.006 (Pubitemid 351265397)
52. Rabiner, D., & Coie, J. D. (2000). Early attention problems and children's reading achievement: A longitudinal investigation. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 859-867. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200007000-00014 (Pubitemid 30429917)
53. Raghubar, K. P., Barnes, M. A., & Hecht, S. A. (2010).Working memory and mathematics: A review of developmental, individual difference, and cognitive approaches. Learning and Individual Differences, 20, 110-122. doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2009.10.005
54. Raghubar, K., Cirino, P., Barnes, M., Ewing-Cobbs, L., Fletcher, J., & Fuchs, L. (2009). Errors in multi-digit arithmetic and behavioral inattention in children with math difficulties. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 42, 356-371. doi: 10.1177/0022219409335211
55. Repovs, G., & Baddeley, A. D. (2006). The multi-component model of working memory: Explorations in experimental cognitive psychology. Neuroscience, 139, 5-21.
56. Rogers, M. A., Wiener, J., Marton, I., & Tannock, R. (2009). Supportive and controlling parental involvement as predictors of children's academic achievement: Relations to children's ADHD symptoms and parenting stress. School Mental Health, 1, 89-102. doi: 10.1007/212310-009- 9010-0
57. Smith, E. E., Jonides, J., & Koeppe, R. A. (1996). Dissociating verbal and spatial working memory using PET. Cerebral Cortex, 6, 11-20.
58. St. Clair-Thompson, H. L., & Gathercole, S. E. (2006). Executive functions and achievements in school: Shifting, updating, inhibition, and working memory. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59, 745-759. doi: 10.1080/17470210500162854 (Pubitemid 43421112)
59. Swanson, J., Schuck, S., Mann, M., Carlson, C., Hartman, K., & Sergeant, J. (2005). Categorical and dimensional definitions and evaluations of symptoms of ADHD: The SNAP and the SWAN Ratings Scales. Retrieved from www.adhd.net/SNAP-SWAN.pdf
60. Swanson, L. (2006). Cognitive processes that underlie mathematical precociousness in young children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 93, 239-264. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2005.09.006 (Pubitemid 43337305)
61. Swanson, L., & Kim, K. (2006). Working memory, short-term memory, and naming speed as predictors of children's mathematical performance. Intelligence, 35, 151-168. doi: 10.1016/j.intell.2006.07.001
62. Tannock, R., Hum, M., Masellis, M., Humphries, T., & Schachar, R. (2000). Children's academic performance, attention, behavior, and learning evaluation: Teacher Telephone Interview (TTI). Unpublished manuscript, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
63. Toplak, M. E., Bucciarelli, S. M., Jain, U., & Tannock, R. (2009). Executive functions: Performancebased measures and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) in adolescents with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Child Neuropsychology, 15, 53-72. doi: 10.1080/09297040802070929
64. Thapar, A, Fowler, T, Rice, F, Scourfield, J, van den Bree, M, Thomas, H, et al. (2003). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in offspring. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1985-1989. (Pubitemid 39619635)
65. Toplak, M. E., Jain, U., & Tannock, R. (2005). Executive and motivational processes: Adolescents with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Behavioral and Brain Functions, 1, 1-12. doi: 10.1186/1744-9081-1-8 (Pubitemid 44848787)
66. Trampush, J. W., Miller, C. J., Newcorn, J. H., & Halperin, J. M. (2009). The impact of childhood ADHD on dropping out of high school in urban adolescents/young adults. Journal of Attention Disorders, 13, 127-136. doi: 10.1177/1087054708323040
67. Vexelman, C., & Tannock, R. (2011). Impact of working memory deficits on academic achievement in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Manuscript submitted for publication.
68. Warner-Rogers, J., Taylor, A., Taylor, E., & Sandberg, S. (2000). Inattentive behavior in childhood: Epidemiology and implications for development. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 33, 520-536. doi: 10.1177/002221940003300602
69. Wechsler, D. (2003). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (4th ed.). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
70. Weiss, M. D., Worling, D. E., & Wasdell, M. D. (2003). A chart review study of the inattentive and combined types of ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 7, 1-9. doi: 10.1177/108705470300700101
71. Willcutt, E. G., & Pennington, B. F. (2000). Comorbidity of reading disability and attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder: Differences by gender and subtype. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 33(2), 179-191. doi: 10.1177/002221940003300206
72. Willcutt, E., Doyle, A., Nigg, J., Faraone, S., & Pennington, B. (2005). Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1336-1346. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.006 (Pubitemid 40798553)
73. Woodcock, R.W.,McGrew, K. S., &Mather, N. (2001).Woodcock- Johnson tests III of achievement. Itasca, IL: Riverside.
74. Young, D. J., Levy, F., Martin, N. C., & Hay, D. A. (2009). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A Rasch analysis of the SWAN rating scale. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 40, 543-559. doi: 10.1007/s10578-009- 0143-z