Mixed infection with Beijing and non-Beijing strains in pulmonary tuberculosis in Taiwan: Prevalence, risk factors, and dominant strain

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Volumn 17, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 1239-1245

  Wang, J Y ^a   Hsu, H L ^b   Yu, M C ^b   Chiang, C Y ^c   Yu, F L ^b   Yu, C J ^a   Lee, L N ^a   Yang, P C ^a  

^a NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^b TAIPEI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^c INTERNATIONAL UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE   (France)

Author keywords

Beijing strain; Mixed infection; Quantitative PCR; Risk factors; Taiwan

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIUM CULTURE; BACTERIUM IDENTIFICATION; CHINA; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LUNG TUBERCULOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIXED INFECTION; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SPUTUM ANALYSIS; SPUTUM SMEAR; TAIWAN;

BACILLI (CLASS); BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CORYNEBACTERINEAE; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS;

EID: 79960668738     PISSN: 1198743X     EISSN: 14690691     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03401.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Stead WW. Pathogenesis of a first episode of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis in man: recrudescence of residuals of the primary infection or exogenous reinfection? Am Rev Respir Dis 1967; 95: 729-745.
2. de Boer AS, Kremer K, Borgdorff MW, de Haas PE, Heersma HF, van Soolingen D. Genetic heterogeneity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates reflected in IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns as low-intensity bands. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38: 4478-4484.
3. Chaves F, Dronda F, Alonso-Sanz M, Noriega AR. Evidence of exogenous reinfection and mixed infection with more than one strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Spanish HIV-infected inmates. AIDS 1999; 13: 615-620.
4. Yeh RW, Hopewell PC, Daley CL. Simultaneous infection with two strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1999; 3: 537-539.
5. Warren RM, Victor TC, Streicher EM et al. Patients with active tuberculosis often have different strains in the same sputum specimen. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 169: 610-614.
6. Tsolaki AG, Gagneux S, Pym AS et al. Genomic deletions classify the Beijing/W strains as a distinct genetic lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43: 3185-3191.
7. Hillemann D, Warren R, Kubica T, Rusch-Gerdes S, Niemann S. Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains by real-time PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44: 302-306.
8. Mokrousov I, Jiao WW, Valcheva V et al. Rapid detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype and its ancient and modern sublineages by IS6110-based inverse PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44: 2851-2856.
9. Raleigh JW, Wichelhausen RH, Rado TA, Bates JH. Evidence for infection by two distinct strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pulmonary tuberculosis: report of 9 cases. Am Rev Respir Dis 1975; 112: 497-503.
10. Nardell E, McInnis B, Thomas B, Weidhaas S. Exogenous reinfection with tuberculosis in a shelter for the homeless. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 1570-1575.
11. Braden CR, Morlock GP, Woodley CL et al. Simultaneous infection with multiple strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: e42-e47.
12. van Rie A, Victor TC, Richardson M et al. Reinfection and mixed infection cause changing Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistance patterns. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 172: 636-642.
13. Dou HY, Tseng FC, Lin CW et al. Molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Taipei. BMC Infect Dis 2008; 8: 170.
14. Pfyffer GE, Gutiérrez MC, Brown-Elliott BA, Wallace RJ. Myobacterium. In: Murray PR, Jorgensen JH, Pfaller MA, Landry ML, eds. Manual of clinical microbiology, 9th edn. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 2007; 543-572.
15. American Thoracic Society C, Infectious Disease Society of America. Diagnostic standards and classification of tuberculosis in adults and children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161 (4 Pt 1): 1376-1395.
16. van Soolingen D, Hermans PW, de Haas PE, Soll DR, van Embden JD. Occurrence and stability of insertion sequences in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains: evaluation of an insertion sequence-dependent DNA polymorphism as a tool in the epidemiology of tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol 1991; 29: 2578-2586.
17. Warren RM, Streicher EM, Sampson SL et al. Microevolution of the direct repeat region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: implications for interpretation of spoligotyping data. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 4457-4465.
18. Kamerbeek J, Schouls L, Kolk A et al. Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis and epidemiology. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35: 907-914.
19. Stavrum R, Mphahlele M, Ovreas K et al. High diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes in South Africa and preponderance of mixed infections among ST53 isolates. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47: 1848-1856.
20. Baldeviano-Vidalon GC, Quispe-Torres N, Bonilla-Asalde C, Gastiaburu-Rodriguez D, Pro-Cuba JE, Llanos-Zavalaga F. Multiple infection with resistant and sensitive M. tuberculosis strains during treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2005; 9: 1155-1160.
21. Shamputa IC, Jugheli L, Sadradze N et al. Mixed infection and clonal representativeness of a single sputum sample in tuberculosis patients from a penitentiary hospital in Georgia. Respir Res 2006; 7: 99.
22. Garcia de Viedma D, Marin M, Ruiz MJ, Bouza E. Analysis of clonal composition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in primary infections in children. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42: 3415-3418.
23. Fang R, Li X, Li J et al. Mixed infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients in Shanghai, China. Tuberculosis (Edinburgh) 2008; 88: 469-473.
24. Richardson M, Carroll NM, Engelke E et al. Multiple Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in early cultures from patients in a high-incidence community setting. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 2750-2754.
25. Shamputa IC, Rigouts L, Eyongeta LA et al. Genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from pulmonary tuberculosis patients. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42: 5528-5536.
26. Mokrousov I, Valcheva V, Sovhozova N, Aldashev A, Rastogi N, Isakova J. Penitentiary population of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Kyrgyzstan: exceptionally high prevalence of the Beijing genotype and its Russia-specific subtype. Infect Genet Evol 2009; 9: 1400-1405.
27. Kuo SHS, Yi SW, Ting L et al. Taiwan Tuberculosis Control Report 2007, 4th edn. Taipei: Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, ROC (Taiwan), 2008.
28. Canetti G. Present aspects of bacterial resistance in tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1965; 92: 687-703.
29. Wu HP, Hua CC, Chuang DY. Decreased in vitro interferon-gamma production in patients with cavitary tuberculosis on chest radiography. Respir Med 2007; 101: 48-52.
30. Dlugovitzky D, Bay ML, Rateni L et al. Influence of disease severity on nitrite and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 122: 343-349.
31. Gagneux S. Fitness cost of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15 (Suppl. 1): 66-68.
32. Andersson DI, Levin BR. The biological cost of antibiotic resistance. Curr Opin Microbiol 1999; 2: 489-493.
33. Mokrousov I, Ly HM, Otten T et al. Origin and primary dispersal of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype: clues from human phylogeography. Genome Res 2005; 15: 1357-1364.
34. Tsolaki AG, Hirsh AE, DeRiemer K et al. Functional and evolutionary genomics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: insights from genomic deletions in 100 strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 4865-4870.
35. Center for Disease Control Taiwan. CDC Annual Report 2009, 4th edn. Taipei: Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, ROC (Taiwan), 2009.