메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 130, Issue 1-3, 2011, Pages 106-113

The effect of adjunctive armodafinil on cognitive performance and psychopathology in antipsychotic-treated patients with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Author keywords

Adjunctive treatment; Armodafinil; Depressive symptoms; Negative symptoms; Neurocognition; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ARIPIPRAZOLE; ARMODAFINIL; CLOZAPINE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; OLANZAPINE; PLACEBO; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE; ZIPRASIDONE;

EID: 79960315525     PISSN: 09209964     EISSN: 15732509     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.05.015     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0027420939 scopus 로고
    • Assessing depression in schizophrenia: the Calgary Depression Scale
    • Addington D., Addington J., Maticka-Tyndale E. Assessing depression in schizophrenia: the Calgary Depression Scale. Br. J. Psychiatry 1993, (Suppl. 39-44).
    • (1993) Br. J. Psychiatry , Issue.SUPPL. 39 44
    • Addington, D.1    Addington, J.2    Maticka-Tyndale, E.3
  • 2
    • 0024470219 scopus 로고
    • The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): conceptual and theoretical foundations
    • Andreasen N.C. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): conceptual and theoretical foundations. Br. J. Psychiatry 1989, (Suppl. 49-58).
    • (1989) Br. J. Psychiatry , Issue.SUPPL. 49 58
    • Andreasen, N.C.1
  • 3
    • 46849110802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement issues in the use of Cognitive Neuroscience Tasks in Drug Development for Impaired Cognition in Schizophrenia: a report of the second consensus building conference of the CNTRICS initiative
    • CNTRICS Executive Committee
    • Barch D.M., Carter C.S. Measurement issues in the use of Cognitive Neuroscience Tasks in Drug Development for Impaired Cognition in Schizophrenia: a report of the second consensus building conference of the CNTRICS initiative. Schizophr. Bull. 2008, 34:613-618. CNTRICS Executive Committee.
    • (2008) Schizophr. Bull. , vol.34 , pp. 613-618
    • Barch, D.M.1    Carter, C.S.2
  • 4
    • 0024358369 scopus 로고
    • A rating scale for drug-induced akathisia
    • Barnes T.R. A rating scale for drug-induced akathisia. Br. J. Psychiatry 1989, 154:672-676.
    • (1989) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 672-676
    • Barnes, T.R.1
  • 5
    • 23944483535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition in schizophrenia: impairments, determinants, and functional importance
    • Bowie C.R., Harvey P.D. Cognition in schizophrenia: impairments, determinants, and functional importance. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. 2005, 28(613-33):626.
    • (2005) Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. , vol.28 , Issue.613-633 , pp. 626
    • Bowie, C.R.1    Harvey, P.D.2
  • 6
    • 78149321657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunctive armodafinil for major depressive episodes associated with bipolar I disorder: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept study
    • Calabrese J.R., Ketter T.A., Youakim J.M., Tiller J.M., Yang R., Frye M.A. Adjunctive armodafinil for major depressive episodes associated with bipolar I disorder: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept study. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2010, 71:1363-1370.
    • (2010) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.71 , pp. 1363-1370
    • Calabrese, J.R.1    Ketter, T.A.2    Youakim, J.M.3    Tiller, J.M.4    Yang, R.5    Frye, M.A.6
  • 8
    • 0034100648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in use of valproate and other mood stabilizers for patients with schizophrenia from 1994 to 1998
    • Citrome L., Levine J., Allingham B. Changes in use of valproate and other mood stabilizers for patients with schizophrenia from 1994 to 1998. Psychiatr. Serv. 2000, 51:634-638.
    • (2000) Psychiatr. Serv. , vol.51 , pp. 634-638
    • Citrome, L.1    Levine, J.2    Allingham, B.3
  • 9
    • 0003412410 scopus 로고
    • National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD, Ref Type: Generic., Clinical Global Impressions
    • Clinical Global Impressions ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology, Revised (DHEW Publ No ADM 76-338) 1976, 218-222. National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD, Ref Type: Generic.
    • (1976) ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology, Revised (DHEW Publ No ADM 76-338) , pp. 218-222
  • 10
    • 68949098308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Armodafinil and modafinil have substantially different pharmacokinetic profiles despite having the same terminal half-lives: analysis of data from three randomized, single-dose, pharmacokinetic studies
    • Darwish M., Kirby M., Hellriegel E.T., Robertson P. Armodafinil and modafinil have substantially different pharmacokinetic profiles despite having the same terminal half-lives: analysis of data from three randomized, single-dose, pharmacokinetic studies. Clin. Drug Investig. 2009, 29:613-623.
    • (2009) Clin. Drug Investig. , vol.29 , pp. 613-623
    • Darwish, M.1    Kirby, M.2    Hellriegel, E.T.3    Robertson, P.4
  • 12
    • 30844471783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic effects on alertness of single doses of armodafinil in healthy subjects during a nocturnal period of acute sleep loss
    • Dinges D.F., Arora S., Darwish M., Niebler G.E. Pharmacodynamic effects on alertness of single doses of armodafinil in healthy subjects during a nocturnal period of acute sleep loss. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2006, 22:159-167.
    • (2006) Curr. Med. Res. Opin. , vol.22 , pp. 159-167
    • Dinges, D.F.1    Arora, S.2    Darwish, M.3    Niebler, G.E.4
  • 13
    • 33847225990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesocortical dopamine modulation of executive functions: beyond working memory
    • Floresco S.B., Magyar O. Mesocortical dopamine modulation of executive functions: beyond working memory. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2006, 188:567-585.
    • (2006) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.188 , pp. 567-585
    • Floresco, S.B.1    Magyar, O.2
  • 16
    • 12944304694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, trends, and factors associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy among Medicaid-eligible schizophrenia patients, 1998-2000
    • Ganguly R., Kotzan J.A., Miller S., Kennedy K., Martin B.C. Prevalence, trends, and factors associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy among Medicaid-eligible schizophrenia patients, 1998-2000. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2004, 65:1377-1388.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 1377-1388
    • Ganguly, R.1    Kotzan, J.A.2    Miller, S.3    Kennedy, K.4    Martin, B.C.5
  • 19
    • 0035140610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of cognitive change in patients with schizophrenia following novel antipsychotic treatment
    • Harvey P.D., Keefe R.S. Studies of cognitive change in patients with schizophrenia following novel antipsychotic treatment. Am. J. Psychiatry 2001, 158:176-184.
    • (2001) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.158 , pp. 176-184
    • Harvey, P.D.1    Keefe, R.S.2
  • 20
    • 33846652856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunct armodafinil improves wakefulness and memory in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome
    • Hirshkowitz M., Black J.E., Wesnes K., Niebler G., Arora S., Roth T. Adjunct armodafinil improves wakefulness and memory in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Respir. Med. 2007, 101:616-627.
    • (2007) Respir. Med. , vol.101 , pp. 616-627
    • Hirshkowitz, M.1    Black, J.E.2    Wesnes, K.3    Niebler, G.4    Arora, S.5    Roth, T.6
  • 21
    • 33750597116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of modafinil on prefrontal executive function in schizophrenia
    • Hunter M.D., Ganesan V., Wilkinson I.D., Spence S.A. Impact of modafinil on prefrontal executive function in schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 2006, 163:2184-2186.
    • (2006) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.163 , pp. 2184-2186
    • Hunter, M.D.1    Ganesan, V.2    Wilkinson, I.D.3    Spence, S.A.4
  • 22
    • 0035096016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-HT(2A) and D(2) receptor blockade increases cortical DA release via 5-HT(1A) receptor activation: a possible mechanism of atypical antipsychotic-induced cortical dopamine release
    • Ichikawa J., Ishii H., Bonaccorso S., Fowler W.L., O'Laughlin I.A., Meltzer H.Y. 5-HT(2A) and D(2) receptor blockade increases cortical DA release via 5-HT(1A) receptor activation: a possible mechanism of atypical antipsychotic-induced cortical dopamine release. J. Neurochem. 2001, 76:1521-1531.
    • (2001) J. Neurochem. , vol.76 , pp. 1521-1531
    • Ichikawa, J.1    Ishii, H.2    Bonaccorso, S.3    Fowler, W.L.4    O'Laughlin, I.A.5    Meltzer, H.Y.6
  • 23
    • 0026333617 scopus 로고
    • A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale
    • Johns M.W. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep 1991, 14:540-545.
    • (1991) Sleep , vol.14 , pp. 540-545
    • Johns, M.W.1
  • 24
    • 78649773228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Armodafinil as adjunctive therapy in adults with cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia: a 4-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Kane J.M., D'Souza D.C., Patkar A.A., Youakim J.M., Tiller J.M., Yang R., Keefe R.S. Armodafinil as adjunctive therapy in adults with cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia: a 4-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2010, 71:1475-1481.
    • (2010) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.71 , pp. 1475-1481
    • Kane, J.M.1    D'Souza, D.C.2    Patkar, A.A.3    Youakim, J.M.4    Tiller, J.M.5    Yang, R.6    Keefe, R.S.7
  • 25
    • 0023606101 scopus 로고
    • The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia
    • Kay S.R., Fiszbein A., Opler L.A. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 1987, 13:261-276.
    • (1987) Schizophr. Bull. , vol.13 , pp. 261-276
    • Kay, S.R.1    Fiszbein, A.2    Opler, L.A.3
  • 27
    • 34547218379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone on neurocognitive function in early psychosis: a randomized, double-blind 52-week comparison
    • Keefe R.S., Sweeney J.A., Gu H., Hamer R.M., Perkins D.O., McEvoy J.P., Lieberman J.A. Effects of olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone on neurocognitive function in early psychosis: a randomized, double-blind 52-week comparison. Am. J. Psychiatry 2007, 164:1061-1071.
    • (2007) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 1061-1071
    • Keefe, R.S.1    Sweeney, J.A.2    Gu, H.3    Hamer, R.M.4    Perkins, D.O.5    McEvoy, J.P.6    Lieberman, J.A.7
  • 28
    • 0024420189 scopus 로고
    • The fatigue severity scale. Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Krupp L.B., LaRocca N.G., Muir-Nash J., Steinberg A.D. The fatigue severity scale. Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch. Neurol. 1989, 46:1121-1123.
    • (1989) Arch. Neurol. , vol.46 , pp. 1121-1123
    • Krupp, L.B.1    LaRocca, N.G.2    Muir-Nash, J.3    Steinberg, A.D.4
  • 30
    • 0037199768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism potentiates haloperidol-induced dopamine release in rat medial prefrontal cortex and inhibits that in the nucleus accumbens in a dose-dependent manner
    • Liegeois J.F., Ichikawa J., Meltzer H.Y. 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism potentiates haloperidol-induced dopamine release in rat medial prefrontal cortex and inhibits that in the nucleus accumbens in a dose-dependent manner. Brain Res. 2002, 947:157-165.
    • (2002) Brain Res. , vol.947 , pp. 157-165
    • Liegeois, J.F.1    Ichikawa, J.2    Meltzer, H.Y.3
  • 31
    • 0023244845 scopus 로고
    • The UKU side effect rating scale. A new comprehensive rating scale for psychotropic drugs and a cross-sectional study of side effects in neuroleptic-treated patients
    • Lingjaerde O., Ahlfors U.G., Bech P., Dencker S.J., Elgen K. The UKU side effect rating scale. A new comprehensive rating scale for psychotropic drugs and a cross-sectional study of side effects in neuroleptic-treated patients. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1987, (Suppl. 334):1-100.
    • (1987) Acta Psychiatr. Scand. , Issue.SUPPL. 334 , pp. 1-100
    • Lingjaerde, O.1    Ahlfors, U.G.2    Bech, P.3    Dencker, S.J.4    Elgen, K.5
  • 32
    • 33646717170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modafinil-induced reversible hyperkinetic nondystonic movement disorder in a patient with major depressive disorder
    • Luborzewski A., Regen F., Schindler F., Anghelescu I. Modafinil-induced reversible hyperkinetic nondystonic movement disorder in a patient with major depressive disorder. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2006, 18:248-249.
    • (2006) J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 248-249
    • Luborzewski, A.1    Regen, F.2    Schindler, F.3    Anghelescu, I.4
  • 33
    • 78149352204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modafinil-induced orofacial dyskinesia in an elderly patient with refractory bipolar depression
    • Maser R.V., Liao B., Pandya R. Modafinil-induced orofacial dyskinesia in an elderly patient with refractory bipolar depression. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2010, 22:E26.
    • (2010) J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.22
    • Maser, R.V.1    Liao, B.2    Pandya, R.3
  • 34
    • 43649090464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modafinil: a review of neurochemical actions and effects on cognition
    • Minzenberg M.J., Carter C.S. Modafinil: a review of neurochemical actions and effects on cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008, 33:1477-1502.
    • (2008) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.33 , pp. 1477-1502
    • Minzenberg, M.J.1    Carter, C.S.2
  • 35
    • 35648933581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the effects of modafinil on cognition in schizophrenia
    • Morein-Zamir S., Turner D.C., Sahakian B.J. A review of the effects of modafinil on cognition in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 2007, 33:1298-1306.
    • (2007) Schizophr. Bull. , vol.33 , pp. 1298-1306
    • Morein-Zamir, S.1    Turner, D.C.2    Sahakian, B.J.3
  • 37
    • 70350741207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic infusion of PCP via osmotic mini-pumps: a new rodent model of cognitive deficit in schizophrenia characterized by impaired attentional set-shifting (ID/ED) performance
    • Pedersen C.S., Goetghebeur P., Dias R. Chronic infusion of PCP via osmotic mini-pumps: a new rodent model of cognitive deficit in schizophrenia characterized by impaired attentional set-shifting (ID/ED) performance. J. Neurosci. Methods 2009, 185:66-69.
    • (2009) J. Neurosci. Methods , vol.185 , pp. 66-69
    • Pedersen, C.S.1    Goetghebeur, P.2    Dias, R.3
  • 38
    • 34249661792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of modafinil for negative symptoms in schizophrenia
    • Pierre J.M., Peloian J.H., Wirshing D.A., Wirshing W.C., Marder S.R. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of modafinil for negative symptoms in schizophrenia. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2007, 68:705-710.
    • (2007) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 705-710
    • Pierre, J.M.1    Peloian, J.H.2    Wirshing, D.A.3    Wirshing, W.C.4    Marder, S.R.5
  • 39
    • 0037275524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetic profile of modafinil
    • Robertson P., Hellriegel E.T. Clinical pharmacokinetic profile of modafinil. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 2003, 42:123-137.
    • (2003) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.42 , pp. 123-137
    • Robertson, P.1    Hellriegel, E.T.2
  • 40
    • 1442275580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benefits of adjunct modafinil in an open-label, pilot study in patients with schizophrenia
    • Rosenthal M.H., Bryant S.L. Benefits of adjunct modafinil in an open-label, pilot study in patients with schizophrenia. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 2004, 27:38-43.
    • (2004) Clin. Neuropharmacol. , vol.27 , pp. 38-43
    • Rosenthal, M.H.1    Bryant, S.L.2
  • 41
    • 38349153331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Armodafinil improves wakefulness and long-term episodic memory in nCPAP-adherent patients with excessive sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea
    • Roth T., Rippon G.A., Arora S. Armodafinil improves wakefulness and long-term episodic memory in nCPAP-adherent patients with excessive sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath. 2008, 12:53-62.
    • (2008) Sleep Breath. , vol.12 , pp. 53-62
    • Roth, T.1    Rippon, G.A.2    Arora, S.3
  • 42
    • 2342628707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of modafinil on wakefulness and executive function in patients with narcolepsy experiencing late-day sleepiness
    • Schwartz J.R., Nelson M.T., Schwartz E.R., Hughes R.J. Effects of modafinil on wakefulness and executive function in patients with narcolepsy experiencing late-day sleepiness. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 2004, 27:74-79.
    • (2004) Clin. Neuropharmacol. , vol.27 , pp. 74-79
    • Schwartz, J.R.1    Nelson, M.T.2    Schwartz, E.R.3    Hughes, R.J.4
  • 43
    • 22744432869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of modafinil for fatigue and cognition in schizophrenia patients treated with psychotropic medications
    • Sevy S., Rosenthal M.H., Alvir J., Meyer S., Visweswaraiah H., Gunduz-Bruce H., Schooler N.R. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of modafinil for fatigue and cognition in schizophrenia patients treated with psychotropic medications. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2005, 66:839-843.
    • (2005) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 839-843
    • Sevy, S.1    Rosenthal, M.H.2    Alvir, J.3    Meyer, S.4    Visweswaraiah, H.5    Gunduz-Bruce, H.6    Schooler, N.R.7
  • 44
    • 65249154085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modafinil and memory: effects of modafinil on Morris water maze learning and Pavlovian fear conditioning
    • Shuman T., Wood S.C., Anagnostaras S.G. Modafinil and memory: effects of modafinil on Morris water maze learning and Pavlovian fear conditioning. Behav. Neurosci. 2009, 123:257-266.
    • (2009) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.123 , pp. 257-266
    • Shuman, T.1    Wood, S.C.2    Anagnostaras, S.G.3
  • 45
    • 0014723449 scopus 로고
    • A rating scale for extrapyramidal side effects
    • Simpson G.M., Angus J.W. A rating scale for extrapyramidal side effects. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1970, (Suppl. 212):11-19.
    • (1970) Acta Psychiatr. Scand. , Issue.SUPPL. 212 , pp. 11-19
    • Simpson, G.M.1    Angus, J.W.2
  • 46
    • 22344450188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modafinil modulates anterior cingulate function in chronic schizophrenia
    • Spence S.A., Green R.D., Wilkinson I.D., Hunter M.D. Modafinil modulates anterior cingulate function in chronic schizophrenia. Br. J. Psychiatry 2005, 187:55-61.
    • (2005) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.187 , pp. 55-61
    • Spence, S.A.1    Green, R.D.2    Wilkinson, I.D.3    Hunter, M.D.4
  • 47
    • 0037218746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination antipsychotic therapy in clinical practice
    • Tapp A., Wood A.E., Secrest L. Combination antipsychotic therapy in clinical practice. Psychiatr. Serv. 2003, 54:55-59.
    • (2003) Psychiatr. Serv. , vol.54 , pp. 55-59
    • Tapp, A.1    Wood, A.E.2    Secrest, L.3
  • 48
    • 2342618897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modafinil improves cognition and response inhibition in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • Turner D.C., Clark L., Dowson J., Robbins T.W., Sahakian B.J. Modafinil improves cognition and response inhibition in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 2004, 55:1031-1040.
    • (2004) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 1031-1040
    • Turner, D.C.1    Clark, L.2    Dowson, J.3    Robbins, T.W.4    Sahakian, B.J.5
  • 50
    • 34247480590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute chorea and hyperthermia after concurrent use of modafinil and tranylcypromine
    • Vytopil M., Mani R., Adlakha A., Zhu J.J. Acute chorea and hyperthermia after concurrent use of modafinil and tranylcypromine. Am. J. Psychiatry 2007, 164:684.
    • (2007) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 684
    • Vytopil, M.1    Mani, R.2    Adlakha, A.3    Zhu, J.J.4
  • 51
    • 3543047343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modafinil improves alertness, vigilance, and executive function during simulated night shifts
    • Walsh J.K., Randazzo A.C., Stone K.L., Schweitzer P.K. Modafinil improves alertness, vigilance, and executive function during simulated night shifts. Sleep 2004, 27:434-439.
    • (2004) Sleep , vol.27 , pp. 434-439
    • Walsh, J.K.1    Randazzo, A.C.2    Stone, K.L.3    Schweitzer, P.K.4
  • 52
    • 17744380465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of modafinil on attentional processes in a five-choice serial reaction time test in the rat
    • Waters K.A., Burnham K.E., O'connor D., Dawson G.R., Dias R. Assessment of modafinil on attentional processes in a five-choice serial reaction time test in the rat. J. Psychopharmacol. 2005, 19:149-158.
    • (2005) J. Psychopharmacol. , vol.19 , pp. 149-158
    • Waters, K.A.1    Burnham, K.E.2    O'connor, D.3    Dawson, G.R.4    Dias, R.5
  • 54
    • 33846206506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Armodafinil, the R-enantiomer of modafinil: wake-promoting effects and pharmacokinetic profile in the rat
    • Wisor J.P., Dement W.C., Aimone L., Williams M., Bozyczko-Coyne D. Armodafinil, the R-enantiomer of modafinil: wake-promoting effects and pharmacokinetic profile in the rat. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 2006, 85:492-499.
    • (2006) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.85 , pp. 492-499
    • Wisor, J.P.1    Dement, W.C.2    Aimone, L.3    Williams, M.4    Bozyczko-Coyne, D.5
  • 55
    • 0032979760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open-label, single-dose pharmacokinetic study of modafinil tablets: influence of age and gender in normal subjects
    • Wong Y.N., King S.P., Simcoe D., Gorman S., Laughton W., McCormick G.C., Grebow P. Open-label, single-dose pharmacokinetic study of modafinil tablets: influence of age and gender in normal subjects. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1999, 39:281-288.
    • (1999) J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.39 , pp. 281-288
    • Wong, Y.N.1    King, S.P.2    Simcoe, D.3    Gorman, S.4    Laughton, W.5    McCormick, G.C.6    Grebow, P.7
  • 56
    • 0032924254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending-dose evaluation of the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of modafinil tablets in healthy male volunteers
    • Wong Y.N., Simcoe D., Hartman L.N., Laughton W.B., King S.P., McCormick G.C., Grebow P.E. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending-dose evaluation of the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of modafinil tablets in healthy male volunteers. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1999, 39:30-40.
    • (1999) J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.39 , pp. 30-40
    • Wong, Y.N.1    Simcoe, D.2    Hartman, L.N.3    Laughton, W.B.4    King, S.P.5    McCormick, G.C.6    Grebow, P.E.7
  • 57
    • 21244448316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of neuropsychological change to clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in schizophrenia
    • Woodward N.D., Purdon S.E., Meltzer H.Y., Zald D.H. A meta-analysis of neuropsychological change to clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in schizophrenia. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005, 8:457-472.
    • (2005) Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.8 , pp. 457-472
    • Woodward, N.D.1    Purdon, S.E.2    Meltzer, H.Y.3    Zald, D.H.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.