메뉴 건너뛰기
Archives of Pharmacal Research
Volumn 34, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 811-820
Inhibition of UVA-mediated melanogenesis by ascorbic acid through modulation of antioxidant defense and nitric oxide system
Author keywords

Antioxidant defense; Ascorbic acid; Melanogenesis; Nitric oxide; Ultraviolet A
Indexed keywords

ASCORBIC ACID; ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; GLUTATHIONE; INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; KOJIC ACID; MELANIN; MONOPHENOL MONOOXYGENASE; NITRIC OXIDE;
EID: 79960228052     PISSN: 02536269     EISSN: 19763786     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0515-3     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (104)
References (33)
  • 1
    • 0035472919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of solar radiation on cutaneous detoxification pathways
    • DOI 10.1016/S1011-1344(01)00217-2, PII S1011134401002172
    • F. Afaq H. Mukhtar 2001 Effects of solar radiation on cutaneous detoxification pathways J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 63 61 69 11684452 10.1016/S1011-1344(01)00217-2 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnvFGrtL8%3D (Pubitemid 33040723)
    • (2001) Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology , vol.63 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 61-69
    • Afaq, F.1    Mukhtar, H.2
  • 2
    • 75149158458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of ultraviolet radiation and tyrosine stimulated melanogenesis in the induction of oxidative stress alterations in fair skin melanocytes
    • 20010534 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXitFCnu7k%3D
    • I. Baldea T. Mocan R. Cosgarea 2009 The role of ultraviolet radiation and tyrosine stimulated melanogenesis in the induction of oxidative stress alterations in fair skin melanocytes Exp. Oncol. 31 200 208 20010534 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXitFCnu7k%3D
    • (2009) Exp. Oncol. , vol.31 , pp. 200-208
    • Baldea, I.1    Mocan, T.2    Cosgarea, R.3
  • 3
    • 34547951896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of UV-related carcinogenesis and its contribution to nevi/melanoma
    • DOI 10.1586/17469872.2.4.451
    • A. Brozyna B. Zbytek J. Granese J. A. Carlson J. Ross A. Slominski 2007 Mechanism of UV-related carcinogenesis and its contribution to nevi/melanoma Expert Rev. Dermatol. 2 451 469 10.1586/17469872.2.4.451 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXosVykt74%3D (Pubitemid 47263371)
    • (2007) Expert Review of Dermatology , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 451-469
    • Brozyna, A.1    Zbytek, B.2    Granese, J.3    Carlson, J.A.4    Ross, J.5    Slominski, A.6
  • 4
    • 3242719521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide function in the skin
    • DOI 10.1016/j.niox.2004.04.005, PII S1089860304000734
    • M. M. Cals-Grierson A. D. Ormerod 2004 Nitric oxide function in the skin Nitric Oxide 10 179 193 15275864 10.1016/j.niox.2004.04.005 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2cXmtVaitrY%3D (Pubitemid 38953389)
    • (2004) Nitric Oxide - Biology and Chemistry , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 179-193
    • Cals-Grierson, M.-M.1    Ormerod, A.D.2
  • 5
    • 62449246848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effects of 6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-naphthol on tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis
    • 19280161 10.1007/s12272-009-1235-9 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXislanu7s%3D
    • S. W. Chung Y. M. Ha Y. J. Kim S. Song H. Lee H. Suh H. Y. Chung 2009 Inhibitory effects of 6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-naphthol on tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis Arch. Pharm. Res. 32 289 294 19280161 10.1007/s12272-009-1235- 9 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXislanu7s%3D
    • (2009) Arch. Pharm. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 289-294
    • Chung, S.W.1    Ha, Y.M.2    Kim, Y.J.3    Song, S.4    Lee, H.5    Suh, H.6    Chung, H.Y.7
  • 6
    • 57449102928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression profiling reveals new protective roles for vitamin C in human skin cells
    • 18973801 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.09.028 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsFamsbbK
    • T. L. Duarte M. S. Cooke G. D. Jones 2009 Gene expression profiling reveals new protective roles for vitamin C in human skin cells Free Radic. Biol. Med. 46 78 87 18973801 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.09.028 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1cXhsFamsbbK
    • (2009) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.46 , pp. 78-87
    • Duarte, T.L.1    Cooke, M.S.2    Jones, G.D.3
  • 7
    • 11444249940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E delivery to human skin by a rinse-off product: Penetration of α-tocopherol versus wash-out effects of skin surface lipids
    • DOI 10.1159/000081682
    • S. Ekanayake-Mudiyanselage A. Tavakkol T. G. Polefka Z. Nabi P. Elsner J. J. Thiele 2005 Vitamin E delivery to human skin by a rinse-off product: penetration of alpha-tocopherol versus wash-out effects of skin surface lipids Skin Pharmacol. Physiol. 18 20 26 15608499 10.1159/000081682 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtFWqsL7I (Pubitemid 40082225)
    • (2005) Skin Pharmacology and Physiology , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-26
    • Ekanayake-Mudiyanselage, S.1    Tavakkol, A.2    Polefka, T.G.3    Nabi, Z.4    Elsner, P.5    Thiele, J.J.6
  • 8
    • 33845612759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 6+
    • DOI 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.01.029, PII S0304383506000760
    • 6+ Cancer Lett. 246 54 62 16517059 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.01.029 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXpvFel (Pubitemid 44959374)
    • (2007) Cancer Letters , vol.246 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 54-62
    • Elbekai, R.H.1    Duke, J.2    El-Kadi, A.O.S.3
  • 9
    • 23344438040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical vitamin C: A useful agent for treating photoaging and other dermatologic conditions
    • 16029672 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2005.31725 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXit1amsQ%3D%3D
    • P. K. Farris 2005 Topical vitamin C: a useful agent for treating photoaging and other dermatologic conditions Dermatol. Surg. 31 814 817 16029672 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2005.31725 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXit1amsQ%3D%3D
    • (2005) Dermatol. Surg. , vol.31 , pp. 814-817
    • Farris, P.K.1
  • 10
    • 0036434140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxidase-mediated mechanisms are involved in the melanocytotoxic and melanogenesis-inhibiting effects of chemical agents
    • DOI 10.1159/000066439
    • B. Kasraee 2002 Peroxidase-mediated mechanisms are involved in the melanocytotoxic and melanogenesis-inhibiting effects of chemical agents Dermatology 205 329 339 12444326 10.1159/000066439 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD38XovFSitLg%3D (Pubitemid 35356757)
    • (2002) Dermatology , vol.205 , Issue.4 , pp. 329-339
    • Kasraee, B.1
  • 11
    • 34948877524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation by bicarbonate of the protective effects of phenolic antioxidants on peroxynitrite-mediated cell cytotoxicity
    • 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2007.33.273 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1KhtLjF
    • U. Ketsawatsakul 2007 Modulation by bicarbonate of the protective effects of phenolic antioxidants on peroxynitrite-mediated cell cytotoxicity ScienceAsia 33 273 282 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2007.33.273 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1KhtLjF
    • (2007) ScienceAsia , vol.33 , pp. 273-282
    • Ketsawatsakul, U.1
  • 12
    • 23844545621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tyrosinase inhibitors from natural and synthetic sources: Structure, inhibition mechanism and perspective for the future
    • DOI 10.1007/s00018-005-5054-y
    • Y. J. Kim H. Uyama 2005 Tyrosinase inhibitors from natural and synthetic sources: structure, inhibition mechanism and perspective for the future Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 62 1707 1723 15968468 10.1007/s00018-005-5054-y 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtFCgtr3E (Pubitemid 41176052)
    • (2005) Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences , vol.62 , Issue.15 , pp. 1707-1723
    • Kim, Y.-J.1    Uyama, H.2
  • 13
    • 0042334894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pigmented melanocytes are protected against ultraviolet-A-induced membrane damage
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12418.x
    • E. Kvam J. Dahle 2003 Pigmented melanocytes are protected against ultraviolet-A-induced membrane damage J. Invest. Dermatol. 121 564 569 12925216 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12418.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnt1Wks7w%3D (Pubitemid 37072269)
    • (2003) Journal of Investigative Dermatology , vol.121 , Issue.3 , pp. 564-569
    • Kvam, E.1    Dahle, J.2
  • 14
    • 1442348072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of Photooxidation of Melanogenic Precursors in Prolonged Pigmentation Induced by Ultraviolet A
    • DOI 10.1046/j.0022-202X.2004.22223.x
    • K. Maeda M. Hatao 2004 Involvement of photooxidation of melanogenic precursors in prolonged pigmentation induced by ultraviolet A J. Invest. Dermatol. 122 503 509 15009737 10.1046/j.0022-202X.2004.22223.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXitlGiu7c%3D (Pubitemid 38281076)
    • (2004) Journal of Investigative Dermatology , vol.122 , Issue.2 , pp. 503-509
    • Maeda, K.1    Hatao, M.2
  • 15
    • 42249112484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between melanogenic and catalase activity in in vitro human melanocytes: A synergic strategy against oxidative stress
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2007.00432.x
    • V. Maresca E. Flori S. Briganti A. Mastrofrancesco C. Fabbri A. M. Mileo M. G. Paggi M. Picardo 2008 Correlation between melanogenic and catalase activity in in vitro human melanocytes: a synergic strategy against oxidative stress Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 21 200 205 18426413 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2007. 00432.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmvVSnsb0%3D (Pubitemid 351551218)
    • (2008) Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 200-205
    • Maresca, V.1    Flori, E.2    Briganti, S.3    Mastrofrancesco, A.4    Fabbri, C.5    Mileo, A.M.6    Paggi, M.G.7    Picardo, M.8
  • 16
    • 55249115362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteomics analysis of kojic acid treated A375 human malignant melanoma cells
    • 18630942 10.1021/pr7008737 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXosFKms7k%3D
    • J. Nawarak R. Huang-Liu S. H. Kao H. H. Liao S. Sinchaikul S. T. Chen S. L. Cheng 2008 Proteomics analysis of kojic acid treated A375 human malignant melanoma cells J. Proteome Res. 7 3737 3746 18630942 10.1021/pr7008737 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXosFKms7k%3D
    • (2008) J. Proteome Res. , vol.7 , pp. 3737-3746
    • Nawarak, J.1    Huang-Liu, R.2    Kao, S.H.3    Liao, H.H.4    Sinchaikul, S.5    Chen, S.T.6    Cheng, S.L.7
  • 17
    • 33748185207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new lipophilic pro-vitamin C, tetra-isopalmitoyl ascorbic acid (VC-IP), prevents UV-induced skin pigmentation through its anti-oxidative properties
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.07.001, PII S0923181106001952
    • Y. Ochiai S. Kaburagi K. Obayashi N. Ujiie S. Hashimoto Y. Okano H. Masaki M. Ichihashi H. Sakurai 2006 A new lipophilic pro-vitamin C, tetra-isopalmitoyl ascorbic acid (VC-IP), prevents UV-induced skin pigmentation through its anti-oxidative properties J. Dermatol. Sci. 44 37 44 16935471 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.07.001 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XpsVWrsrw%3D (Pubitemid 44310992)
    • (2006) Journal of Dermatological Science , vol.44 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-44
    • Ochiai, Y.1    Kaburagi, S.2    Obayashi, K.3    Ujiie, N.4    Hashimoto, S.5    Okano, Y.6    Masaki, H.7    Ichihashi, M.8    Sakurai, H.9
  • 18
    • 2342653020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Chemiluminescence Study of UVA-induced oxidative stress in human skin in vivo
    • DOI 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22405.x
    • H. Ou-Yang G. Stamatas C. Saliou N. Kollias 2004 A chemiluminescence study of UVA-induced oxidative stress in human skin in vivo J. Invest. Dermatol. 122 1020 1029 15102093 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22405.x (Pubitemid 38581005)
    • (2004) Journal of Investigative Dermatology , vol.122 , Issue.4 , pp. 1020-1029
    • Ou-Yang, H.1    Stamatas, G.2    Saliou, C.3    Kollias, N.4
  • 19
    • 77952241571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of antioxidant defense by Alpinia galanga and Curcuma aromatica extracts correlates with their inhibition of UVA-induced melanogenesis
    • 19288216 10.1007/s10565-009-9121-2
    • U. Panich K. Kongtaphan T. Onkoksoong K. Jaemsak R. Phadungrakwittaya A. Thaworn P. Akarasereenont A. Wongkajornsilp 2010 Modulation of antioxidant defense by Alpinia galanga and Curcuma aromatica extracts correlates with their inhibition of UVA-induced melanogenesis Cell Biol. Toxicol. 26 103 116 19288216 10.1007/s10565-009-9121-2
    • (2010) Cell Biol. Toxicol. , vol.26 , pp. 103-116
    • Panich, U.1    Kongtaphan, K.2    Onkoksoong, T.3    Jaemsak, K.4    Phadungrakwittaya, R.5    Thaworn, A.6    Akarasereenont, P.7    Wongkajornsilp, A.8
  • 20
    • 0024147889 scopus 로고
    • Radicals in melanin biochemistry
    • 3245655 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb22325.x 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXlsFSqsr0%3D
    • P. A. Riley 1988 Radicals in melanin biochemistry Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 551 111 119 3245655 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb22325.x 1:CAS:528: DyaL1MXlsFSqsr0%3D
    • (1988) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.551 , pp. 111-119
    • Riley, P.A.1
  • 22
    • 33645456621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The polymerization of melanin: A poorly understood phenomenon with egregious biological implications
    • DOI 10.1097/01.cmr.0000195699.35143.df, PII 0000839020060200000002
    • R. Sarangarajan S. P. Apte 2006 The polymerization of melanin: a poorly understood phenomenon with egregious biological implications Melanoma Res. 16 3 10 16432450 10.1097/01.cmr.0000195699.35143.df 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmslOjsQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 44133045)
    • (2006) Melanoma Research , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-10
    • Sarangarajan, R.1    Apte, S.P.2
  • 23
    • 70449463450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol regulates melanogenesis in human epidermal melanocytes and melanoma cells
    • 19469904 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00850.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVKnsbrE
    • K. U. Schallreuter S. Hasse H. Rokos B. Chavan M. Shalbaf J. D. Spencer J. M. Wood 2009 Cholesterol regulates melanogenesis in human epidermal melanocytes and melanoma cells Exp. Dermatol. 18 680 688 19469904 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00850.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVKnsbrE
    • (2009) Exp. Dermatol. , vol.18 , pp. 680-688
    • Schallreuter, K.U.1    Hasse, S.2    Rokos, H.3    Chavan, B.4    Shalbaf, M.5    Spencer, J.D.6    Wood, J.M.7
  • 24
    • 0037624933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mushroom tyrosinase: Recent prospects
    • 12720364 10.1021/jf020826f 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXivVCltr0%3D
    • S. Y. Seo V. K. Sharma N. Sharma 2003 Mushroom tyrosinase: recent prospects J. Agric. Food Chem. 51 2837 2853 12720364 10.1021/jf020826f 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXivVCltr0%3D
    • (2003) J. Agric. Food Chem. , vol.51 , pp. 2837-2853
    • Seo, S.Y.1    Sharma, V.K.2    Sharma, N.3
  • 25
    • 59649083257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ascorbic acid on gingival melanin pigmentation in vitro and in vivo
    • 19186973 10.1902/jop.2009.080409 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjtFKkurg%3D
    • Y. Shimada H. Tai A. Tanaka I. Ikezawa-Suzuki K. Takagi Y. Yoshida H. Yoshie 2009 Effects of ascorbic acid on gingival melanin pigmentation in vitro and in vivo J. Periodontol. 80 317 323 19186973 10.1902/jop.2009.080409 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjtFKkurg%3D
    • (2009) J. Periodontol. , vol.80 , pp. 317-323
    • Shimada, Y.1    Tai, H.2    Tanaka, A.3    Ikezawa-Suzuki, I.4    Takagi, K.5    Yoshida, Y.6    Yoshie, H.7
  • 26
    • 0031696658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of melanogenesis as an adjuvant strategy in the treatment of melanotic melanomas: Selective review and hypothesis
    • A. Slominski R. Paus M. C. Mihm 1998 Inhibition of melanogenesis as an adjuvant strategy in the treatment of melanotic melanomas: selective review and hypothesis Anticancer Res. 18 3709 3715 9854482 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjtFyjtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28564252)
    • (1998) Anticancer Research , vol.18 , Issue.5 B , pp. 3709-3715
    • Slominski, A.1    Paus, R.2    Mihm, M.C.3
  • 27
    • 33750538670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypopigmenting agents: An updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2006.00334.x
    • F. Solano S. Briganti M. Picardo G. Ghanem 2006 Hypopigmenting agents: an updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects Pigment Cell Res. 19 550 571 17083484 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2006.00334.x 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXislKjtA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 44674109)
    • (2006) Pigment Cell Research , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 550-571
    • Solano, F.1    Briganti, S.2    Picardo, M.3    Ghanem, G.4
  • 28
    • 24144433866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of nitric oxide synthases in human scalp epidermal and hair follicle pigmentary units: Implications for regulation of melanogenesis
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06718.x
    • H. M. Sowden K. M. Naseem D. J. Tobin 2005 Differential expression of nitric oxide synthases in human scalp epidermal and hair follicle pigmentary units: implications for regulation of melanogenesis Br. J. Dermatol. 153 301 309 16086740 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06718.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVWjsLfI (Pubitemid 41228426)
    • (2005) British Journal of Dermatology , vol.153 , Issue.2 , pp. 301-309
    • Sowden, H.M.1    Naseem, K.M.2    Tobin, D.J.3
  • 29
    • 0037070047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effects of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds on nitric oxide production in LPS/IFN-γ-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages
    • DOI 10.1021/jf010976a
    • J. Wang G. Mazza 2002 Inhibitory effects of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds on nitric oxide production in LPS/IFN-gamma-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages J. Agric. Food Chem. 50 850 857 11829656 10.1021/jf010976a 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhvFOiuw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 34163634)
    • (2002) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 850-857
    • Wang, J.1    Mazza, G.2
  • 30
    • 0042410987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide: A key mediator in cutaneous physiology
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01365.x
    • R. Weller 2003 Nitric oxide: a key mediator in cutaneous physiology Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 28 511 514 12950342 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01365.x 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3svhtFCgtA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 37100555)
    • (2003) Clinical and Experimental Dermatology , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 511-514
    • Weller, R.1
  • 31
    • 0036268393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reassessment of the peroxynitrite scavenging activity of uric acid
    • M. Whiteman U. Ketsawatsakul B. Halliwell 2002 A reassessment of the peroxynitrite scavenging activity of uric acid Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 962 242 259 12076979 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04072.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XltFaltb4%3D (Pubitemid 34592316)
    • (2002) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.962 , pp. 242-259
    • Whiteman, M.1    Ketsawatsakul, U.2    Halliwell, B.3
  • 32
    • 55249095322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current concepts of metastasis in melanoma
    • 19649148 10.1586/17469872.3.5.569 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht12is7vF
    • B. Zbytek J. A. Carlson J. Granese J. Ross M. C. Mihm A. Slominski 2008 Current concepts of metastasis in melanoma Expert Rev. Dermatol. 3 569 585 19649148 10.1586/17469872.3.5.569 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht12is7vF
    • (2008) Expert Rev. Dermatol. , vol.3 , pp. 569-585
    • Zbytek, B.1    Carlson, J.A.2    Granese, J.3    Ross, J.4    Mihm, M.C.5    Slominski, A.6
  • 33
    • 64749100097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligomeric proanthocyanidins from grape seeds effectively inhibit ultraviolet-induced melanogenesis of human melanocytes in vitro
    • 19148543 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXisVGit7g%3D
    • S. X. Zi H. J. Ma Y. Li W. Liu Q. Q. Yang G. Zhao S. Lian 2009 Oligomeric proanthocyanidins from grape seeds effectively inhibit ultraviolet-induced melanogenesis of human melanocytes in vitro Int. J. Mol. Med. 23 197 204 19148543 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXisVGit7g%3D
    • (2009) Int. J. Mol. Med. , vol.23 , pp. 197-204
    • Zi, S.X.1    Ma, H.J.2    Li, Y.3    Liu, W.4    Yang, Q.Q.5    Zhao, G.6    Lian, S.7

* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.