Staphylococcus pseudintermedius exfoliative toxin EXI selectively digests canine desmoglein 1 and causes subcorneal clefts in canine epidermis

Veterinary Dermatology

Volumn 22, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 319-326

  Iyori, Keita ^a   Futagawa Saito, Keiko ^b   Hisatsune, Junzo ^c   Yamamoto, Masahiko ^a   Sekiguchi, Maiko ^a   Ide, Kaori ^a   Son, Won Geun ^d   Olivry, Thierry ^d   Sugai, Motoyuki ^c   Fukuyasu, Tsuguaki ^b   Iwasaki, Toshiroh ^a   Nishifuji, Koji ^a  

^a TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

^b AZABU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^d NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DESMOGLEIN 1; EXFOLIATIN; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; CLASSIFICATION; DOG; DOG DISEASE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG ERUPTION; EPIDERMIS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; METABOLISM; MOUSE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS;

ANIMALS; DESMOGLEIN 1; DOG DISEASES; DOGS; DRUG ERUPTIONS; EPIDERMIS; EXFOLIATINS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, BACTERIAL; MICE; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS;

CANIS FAMILIARIS; ESCHERICHIA COLI; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS PSEUDINTERMEDIUS; SUIDAE;

EID: 79960211606     PISSN: 09594493     EISSN: 13653164     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.00952.x     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Cole C, Gazewood J. Diagnosis and treatment of impetigo. American Family Physician 2007; 75: 859-64.
2. Elder D, Elenitsas R, Jaworsky C et al. Bacterial diseases. In: Histopathology of the Skin, 8th edn. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven, 1997: 457-507.
3. Lee PK, Wienberg AN, Swartz MN. Pyoderma: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, and other gram-positive bacteria. In: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K et al., eds. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 5th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999: 2182-207.
4. Scott DW, Miller WH, Griffin C. Bacterial skin disease. In: Muller & Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology. Philaderphia, PA: W. B. Saunders Co., 2001: 274-335.
5. Gross TL, Ihrke PJ, Walder EJ et al. Pustular disease of the epidermis. In: Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2005: 4-25.
6. Rensick SD, Elias PM. Staphylococcal scaled-skin syndrome. In: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K et al., eds. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 5th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999: 2207-13.
7. Melish ME, Glasgow LA. The staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine 1970; 282: 1114-9.
8. Kondo I, Sakurai S, Sarai Y et al. Two serotypes of exfoliatin and their distribution in staphylococcal strains isolated from patients with scalded skin syndrome. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1975; 1: 397-400.
9. Dancer SJ, Garratt R, Saldanha J et al. The epidermolytic toxins are serine proteases. FEBS Letters 1990; 268: 129-32.
10. Vath GM, Earhart CA, Rago JV et al. The structure of the superantigen exfoliative toxin A suggests a novel regulation as a serine protease. Biochemistry 1997; 36: 1559-66.
11. Vath GM, Earhart CA, Monie DD et al. The crystal structure of exfoliative toxin B: a superantigen with enzymatic activity. Biochemistry 1999; 38: 10239-46.
12. Papageorgiou AC, Plano LR, Collins CM et al. Structural similarities and differences in Staphylococcus aureus exfoliative toxins A and B as revealed by their crystal structures. Protein Science 2000; 9: 610-8.
13. Yamaguchi T, Nishifuji K, Sasaki M et al. Identification of the Staphylococcus aureus etd pathogenicity island which encodes a novel exfoliative toxin, ETD, and EDIN-B. Infection and Immunity 2002; 70: 5835-45.
14. Amagai M, Matsuyoshi N, Wang ZH et al. Toxin in bullous impetigo and staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome targets desmoglein 1. Nature Medicine 2000; 6: 1275-7.
15. Amagai M, Yamaguchi T, Hanakawa Y et al. Staphylococcal exfoliative toxinB specifically cleaves desmoglein 1. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2002; 118: 845-50.
16. Amagai M. Desmoglein as a target in autoimmunity and infection. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 2003; 48: 244-52.
17. Kljuic A, Bazzi H, Sundberg JP et al. Desmoglein 4 in hair follicle differentiation and epidermal adhesion: evidence from inherited hypotrichosis and acquired pemphigus vulgaris. Cell 2003; 113: 249-60.
18. Whittock NV, Bower C. Genetic evidence for a novel human desmosomal cadherin, desmoglein 4. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2003; 120: 523-30.
19. Nilles LA, Parry DA, Powers EE et al. Structural analysis and expression of human desmoglein: a cadherin-like component of the desmosome. Journal of Cell Science 1991; 99: 809-21.
20. Koch PJ, Walsh MJ, Schmelz M et al. Identification of desmoglein, a constitutive desmosomal glycoprotein, as a member of the cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules. European Journal of Cell Biology 1990; 53: 1-12.
21. Amagai M, Klaus-Kovtun V, Stanley JR. Autoantibodies against a novel epithelial cadherin in pemphigus vulgaris, a disease of cell adhesion. Cell 1991; 67: 869-77.
22. Schafer S, Koch PJ, Franke WW. Identification of the ubiquitous human desmoglein, Dsg2, and the expression catalogue of the desmoglein subfamily of desmosomal cadherins. Experimental Cell Research 1994; 211: 391-9.
23. Mahoney MG, Hu Y, Brennan D et al. Delineation of diversified desmoglein distribution in stratified squamous epithelia: implications in diseases. Experimental Dermatology 2006; 15: 101-9.
24. Nishifuji K, Sugai M, Amagai M. Staphylococcal exfoliative toxins: "molecular scissors" of bacteria that attack the cutaneous defense barrier in mammals. Journal of Dermatological Science 2008; 49: 21-31.
25. Amagai M. Autoimmunity against desmosomal cadherins in pemphigus. Journal of Dermatological Science 1999; 20: 92-102.
26. Amagai M. Towards a better understanding of pemphigus autoimmunity. British Journal of Dermatology 2000; 143: 237-8.
27. Shirakata Y, Amagai M, Hanakawa Y et al. Lack of mucosal involvement in pemphigus foliaceus may be due to low expression of desmoglein 1. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 1998; 110: 76-8.
28. Bazzi H, Getz A, Mahoney MG et al. Desmoglein 4 is expressed in highly differentiated keratinocytes and trichocytes in human epidermis and hair follicle. Differentiation 2006; 74: 129-40.
29. Brennan D, Hu Y, Kljuic A et al. Differential structural properties and expression patterns suggest functional significance for multiple mouse desmoglein 1 isoforms. Differentiation 2004; 72: 434-9.
30. Whittock NV. Genomic sequence analysis of the mouse desmoglein cluster reveals evidence for six distinct genes: characterization of mouse DSG4, DSG5, and DSG6. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2003; 120: 970-80.
31. Wegener HC, Andresen LO, Bille-Hansen V. Staphylococcus hyicus virulence in relation to exudative epidermitis in pigs. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 1993; 57: 119-25.
32. Ahrens P, Andresen LO. Cloning and sequence analysis of genes encoding Staphylococcus hyicus exfoliative toxin types A, B, C, and D. Journal of Bacteriology 2004; 186: 1833-7.
33. Fudaba Y, Nishifuji K, Andresen LO et al. Staphylococcus hyicus exfoliative toxins selectively digest porcine desmoglein 1. Microbial Pathogenesis 2005; 39: 171-6.
34. Nishifuji K, Fudaba Y, Yamaguchi T et al. Cloning of swine desmoglein 1 and its direct proteolysis by Staphylococcus hyicus exfoliative toxins isolated from pigs with exudative epidermitis. Veterinary Dermatology 2005; 16: 315-23.
35. Terauchi R, Sato H, Hasegawa T et al. Isolation of exfoliative toxin from Staphylococcus intermedius and its local toxicity in dogs. Veterinary Microbiology 2003; 94: 19-29.
36. Terauchi R, Sato H, Endo Y et al. Cloning of the gene coding for Staphylococcus intermedius exfoliative toxin and its expression in Escherichia coli. Veterinary Microbiology 2003; 94: 31-8.
37. Futagawa-Saito K, Makino S, Sunaga F et al. Identification of first exfoliative toxin in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. FEMS Microbiology Letters 2009; 301: 176-80.
38. Sasaki T, Tsubakishita S, Tanaka Y et al. Multiplex-PCR method for species identification of coagulase-positive staphylococci. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2010; 48: 765-9.
39. Olivry T, Linder KE. Dermatoses affecting desmosomes in animals: a mechanistic review of acantholytic blistering skin diseases. Veterinary Dermatology 2010; 20: 313-26.
40. Nishifuji K, Amagai M, Nishikawa T et al. Production of recombinant extracellular domains of canine desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) by baculovirus expression. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 2003; 95: 177-82.
41. Nishifuji K, Amagai M, Ota T et al. Cloning of canine desmoglein 3 and immunoreactivity of serum antibodies in human and canine pemphigus vulgaris with its extracellular domains. Journal of Dermatological Science 2003; 32: 181-91.
42. Amagai M, Tsunoda K, Suzuki H et al. Use of autoantigen-knockout mice in developing an active autoimmune disease model for pemphigus. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2000; 105: 625-31.
43. Hanakawa Y, Schechter NM, Lin C et al. Enzymatic and molecular characteristics of the efficiency and specificity of exfoliative toxin cleavage of desmoglein 1. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2004; 279: 5268-77.
44. Nishifuji K, Olivry T, Ishii K et al. IgG autoantibodies directed against desmoglein 3 cause dissociation of keratinocytes in canine pemphigus vulgaris and paraneoplastic pemphigus. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 2007; 117: 209-21.
45. Aoki M, Nishifuji K, Amagai M et al. Distribution and expression of desmosomal proteins, desmoglein-1 and -3, in normal canine skin and mucous membrane. In: Thoday KL, Foil C, Bond R, eds. Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, Vol. 4. Oxford: Blackwell, 2002: 30-5.
46. Hanakawa Y, Schechter NM, Lin C et al. Molecular mechanisms of blister formation in bullous impetigo and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2002; 110: 53-60.
47. Hanakawa Y, Selwood T, Woo D et al. Calcium-dependent conformation of desmoglein 1 is required for its cleavage by exfoliative toxin. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2003; 121: 383-9.
48. Lloyd DH. Bacterial and fungal skin diseases in animals. In: Noble WC, ed. The Skin Microflora and Microbial Skin Disease. New York: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1993: 264-86.