Neutrophilic dermatoses - part II;Dermatoses neutrofílicas - parte II

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

Volumn 86, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 195-211

  Razera, Fernanda ^a   Olm, Gislaine Silveira ^b   Bonamigo, Renan Rangel ^a  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

^b UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE DE PORTO ALEGRE   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Neutrophil infiltration; Pediatrics; Skin diseases

Indexed keywords

ALEFACEPT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; BETA LACTAM; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CARBAMAZEPINE; CETIRIZINE; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOSPORIN; CYPROHEPTADINE; DAPSONE; ERYTHROMYCIN; ETANERCEPT; ETRETIN; ETRETINATE; GAMMA INTERFERON; INDOMETACIN; INFLIXIMAB; ISOTRETINOIN; MACROLIDE; METHOTREXATE; MINOCYCLINE; PARACETAMOL; PSEUDOMONIC ACID; PSORALEN; RETINOID; TRIMETHOPRIM SULFATE; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ACRODERMATITIS CONTINUA; ACUTE FEBRILE NEUTROPHILIC DERMATOSIS; ACUTE GENERALIZED EXANTHEMATOUS PUSTULOSIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; ANONYCHIA; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; BEHCET DISEASE; BLOOD DISEASE; BONE BIOPSY; CAUCASIAN; CD8+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CELL DEATH; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CHRONIC DISEASE; CHRONIC RECURRENT MULTIFOCAL OSTEOMYELITIS; CROHN DISEASE; CYTOLOGY; DERMATITIS CRURIS PUSTULOSA ET ATROPHICANS; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE DURATION; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DNA POLYMORPHISM; DRUG MEGADOSE; DYSHIDROSIS; EDEMA; EOSINOPHIL; EOSINOPHIL PUSTULAR FOLLICULITIS; EPIDERMIS HYPERPLASIA; ERYTHEMA; ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME; FACE; FEVER; FOLLICULITIS; HIDRADENITIS; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; HYPERPIGMENTATION; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; INFANT DISEASE; INFANTILE ACROPUSTULOSIS; JAPANESE; KERATINOCYTE; LEG DISEASE; LEUKEMIA; LEUKOCYTOCLASTIC VASCULITIS; LEUKOCYTOSIS; LYMPHOCYTE TRANSFORMATION TEST; LYMPHOCYTIC INFILTRATION; LYMPHOMA; MONOCLONAL IMMUNOGLOBULINEMIA; MULTICENTER STUDY (TOPIC); MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER; NAIL DYSTROPHY; NEUTROPHIL; NEUTROPHIL CHEMOTAXIS; NEUTROPHILIC DERMATOSIS; ONSET AGE; ONYCHOLYSIS; OSTEOMYELITIS; OSTEOPOROSIS; PALMOPLANTAR ECCRINE HIDRADENITIS; PATCH TEST; PATHOGENESIS; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR CELL; PROGNOSIS; PRURITUS; PSORIASIS VULGARIS; PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS; PUSTULE; PUSTULOSIS; PUSTULOSIS PALMOPLANTARIS; PUVA; PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM; RECURRENT DISEASE; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SAPHO SYNDROME; SCABIES; SCORING SYSTEM; SECONDARY INFECTION; SEX DIFFERENCE; SKIN ALLERGY; SKIN DEFECT; SKIN DISEASE; SKIN EXFOLIATION; SKIN FIBROSIS; SKIN IRRITATION; SMOKING; SUBCORNEAL PUSTULAR DERMATOSIS; SWEAT GLAND; T LYMPHOCYTE; TROPICAL DISEASE; TRUNK; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT;

ACRODERMATITIS; FOLLICULITIS; HUMANS; NEUTROPHILS; PSORIASIS; SKIN DISEASES; SKIN DISEASES, VESICULOBULLOUS;

EID: 79960154653     PISSN: 03650596     EISSN: 18064841     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S0365-05962011000200001     Document Type: Review

References (135)

1. Sneddon I.B, Wilkinson D.S. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis. Br J Dermatol. 1956;68:385-394.
2. Cheng S, Edmonds E, Ben-Gashir M, Yu R.C. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis: 50 years on. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2008;33:229-233. Epub 2008 Mar 18.
3. Reed J, Wilkinson J. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis. Clin Dermatol. 2000;18:301-313.
4. Grob J.J, Mege J.L, Capo C, Jancovicci E, Fournerie J.R, Bongrand P, et al. Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in Sneddon-Wilkinson subcorneal pustular dermatosis. A model of neutrophil priming in vivo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991;25:944-947.
5. Tagami H, Iwatsuki K, Iwase Y, Yamada M. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis with vesi-culo-bullous eruption. Demonstration of subcorneal IgA deposits and a leukocyte chemotactic factor. Br J Dermatol. 1983;109:581-587.
6. Takematsu H, Tagami H. Quantification of chemotactic peptides (C5a anaphylatoxin and IL-8) in psoriatic lesional skin. Arch Dermatol. 1993;129:74-80.
7. Lutz ME, Daoud MS, McEvoy M.T, Gibson LE. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis: A clinical study of ten patients. Cutis. 1998;61:203-208.
8. Takata M, Inaoki M, Shodo M, Hirone T, Kaya H Subcorneal pustular dermatosis associated with IgA myeloma and intraepidermal IgA deposits. Dermatology. 1994;189(Suppl1):111-114.
9. Kasha EE, Epinette WW. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis in association with a monoclonal IgA gammopathy. A report and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1988;19:854-858.
10. Butt A, Burge SM. Sneddon-Wilkinson disease in association with rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Dermatol. 1995; 132:313-315.
11. Taniguchi S, Tsuruta D, Kutsuna H, Hamada T. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis in a patient with hyperthyroidism. Dermatology. 1995;190:64-66.
12. Tsuruta D, Matsumura-Oura A, Ishii ML. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis and Sjogren's syndrome. Int J Dermatol. 2005;44:55-57.
13. Delaport E, Colombel J F, Nguyen-Malifer C, et al. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis in a patient with Crohn's disease. Acta Derm Venerol (Stockh) 1992;72:301-302.
14. Kohler LD, Mohrenschlager M, Worret WI, Ring J. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease) in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Dermatology 1999; 199:69-70.
15. Scarpa R, Lubrano E, Cozzi R et al. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease). Another cutaneous manifestation of SAPHO syndrome? Br J Rheum. 1997;36:602-603.
16. Atukorala DN, Joshi RK, Abanmi A, Jeha M T. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis and IgA myeloma. Dermatology. 1993;187: 124-126.
17. Brown SJ, Barrett PD, Hendrick A, Langtry JAA. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis in association with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Acta Derm Venereol 2003; 83: 306-7.
18. Agarwal A, Shivaswamy KN, Barani R, Thappa DM, Verma SK. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis and thymoma: an association or a coincidence? Indian J Dermatol 2006; 51: 272-274.
19. Villey MC, Ehrsam E, Marrakchi S, COLOMBEL J F, THOMAS P. Apudoma and subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease). Dermatology 1992;185: 269-71.
20. Buchet S, Humbert P, Blanc D, Derancourt C, Beckerich D, Ranfaing E, Agache P. et al. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis associated with epidermoid carcinoma of the lung. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1991;118:125-128.
21. Voigtlander C, Lu ftl M, Schuler G, Hertl M. Infliximab (antitumornecrosis factor alpha antibody). A novel, highly effective treatment of recalcitrant subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease). Arch Dermatol. 2001;137:1571-1574.
22. Bonifati C, Trento E, Cordiali Fei P, Muscardin L, Amantea A, Carducci M. Early but not lasting improvement of recalcitrant subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease) after infliximab therapy: relationships with variations in cytokine levels in suction blister fluids. Clin Exp Dermatol 2005; 30: 662- 665.
23. Berk DR, Hurt MA, Mann C, Sheinbein D. Sneddon-Wilkinson disease treated with etanercept: report of two cases. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009; 34(3):347-351.
24. Bens G, Franck F, Diatto G, Preney L, Darie H, Géniaux M. Dermatitis cruris pustulo sa et atrophicans - a frequent but poorly understood tropical skin condition - a case report from Burkina Faso. Int J Dermatol. 2008;47:473-475.
25. Harman Rrm. Dermatitis Cruris Pustulosa Et Atrophicans, The Nigerian Shin Disease. Br J Dermatol. 1968;80:97-107.
26. Jacyk WK. Clinical and pathologic observations in dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans. Int J Dermatol. 1978;17:802-807.
27. Kaimal S, D'Souza M, Kumari R. Dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans: A review. Indian J Dermatol Veneorol Leprol 2009;75:348-355.
28. Tiwari VD, Ramji C, Tutakne MA, Singh G, Dutta RK. Dermatitis Cruris Pustulosa Et Atrophicans. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1987;53:116-117.
29. Shenoy K, Srinivas CR, Sharma S, Shivananda PG, Shetty JN. Efficacy of cotrimoxazole and PUVA for the management of chronic folliculitis of legs. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1990;56:223-225.
30. Das J, Gogoi J. The efficacy of PUVA therapy in dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans. Indian Journal of Dermatology. 1999;44:179-182.
31. Kumar B, Muralidhar S. Mupirocin in folliculitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1998;64:207-208.
32. Beylot C, Bioulac P, Doutre MS. Acute generalized exanthematic pustuloses (four cases). Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1980;107:37-48.
33. Sidoroff A, Halevy S, Bavinck JNB, Vaillant L, Roujeau J-C. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) - A clinical reaction pattern. J Cutan Pathol. 2001;28: 113-119. C Munksgaard 2001.
34. Roujeau JC, Bioulac-Sage P, Bourseau C, Guillaume JC, Bernard P, Lok C, et al. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis. Analysis of 63 cases. Arch Dermatol. 1991;127:1333-1338.
35. Sidoroff A, Dunant A, Viboud C, Halevy S, Bouwes Bavinck JN, Naldi L, et al. Risk factors for acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)-results of a multinational case-control study (EuroSCAR). Br J Dermatol. 2007;157:989-996.
36. Birni E A.J., Litlewood S.M. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis does not always have a drug-related cause. Br J Dermatol. 2008 May 22. [Epub ahead of print].
37. Beylot C, Doutre MS, Beylot-Barry M. Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 1996;15:244-249.
38. Wolkenstein P, Chosidow O, Fléchet ML, Robbiola O, Paul M, Dumé L, et al. Patch testing in severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Contact Dermatitis. 1996;35:234-236.
39. Britschgi M, Pichler WJ. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, a clue to neutrophil mediated inflammatory processes orchestrated by T cells. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002,2:325-331.
40. Schmid S, Kuechler PC, Britschgi M, Steiner UC, Yawalkar N, Limat A, et al. Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis: Role of Cytotoxic T Cells in Pustule Formation. Am J Pathol. 2002;161:2079-2086.
41. Pippirs U, Mehlhorn H, Antal AS, Schulte KW, Homey B. Acute generalized exanthe-matous pustulosis following a Loxosceles spider bite in Great Britain. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161:208-9. Epub 2009 May 12.
42. Pichler WJ, Tilch J. The lymphocyte transformation test in the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity. Allergy. 2004;59:809-820.
43. Di Lernia V, Grenzi L, Guareschi E, Ricci C. Rapid clearing of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis after administration of ciclosporin. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009;34:e757-759. Epub 2009 Jul 29.
44. Sadighha A. Etanercept in the treatment of a patient with acute generalized exanthe-matous pustulosis/toxic epidermal necrolysis: definition of a new model based on translational research.Int J Dermatol. 2009;48:913-914.
45. Gencoglan G, Tosun M, Aktepe F. The molecular mechanism of etanercept, an anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha receptor-fusion protein, in the treatment of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis. J Dermatolog Treat. 2009;20:241-245.
46. Griffiths CE, Christophers E, Barker JN, Chalmers RJ, Chimenti S, Krueger GG, et al. A classification of psoriasis vulgaris according to phenotype. Br J Dermatol. 2007;156:258-262.
47. Yerushalmi J, Grunwald MH; Dafna Hallel-Halevy D, Avinoach I, Halevy S. Chronic Pustular Eruption of the Thumbs. Arch Dermatol. 2000;136:925-930.
48. Nikkels A F, Nikkels-Tassoudji N, Piérard GE. Breaking the relentless course of Hallopeau's acrodermatitis by dapsone. Eur J Dermatol. 1999;9:126-128.
49. Brill TJ, Schmidt TE, Valesky EM, Kaufmann R, Thaçi D. Successful Treatment of Acrodermatitis Continua of Hallopeau with Sequential Combination of Calcipotriol and Tacrolimus Ointments. Dermatology. 2005;211:351-355.
50. Piraccini BM, Fanti PA, Morelli R, Tosti A. Hallopeau's acrodermatitis continua of the nail apparatus: a clinical and pathological study of 20 patients. Acta Derm Venereol. 1994;74:65-7.
51. Piraccini BM, Tosti A, Lorizzo Misciali C. Pustular psoriasis of the nails: treatment and long-term follow-up of 46 patients. Br J Dermatol. 2001;144:1000-1005.
52. Marin MA, Pachecp ES, Castellanos Posse MF, Rodriguez MN. Acrodermatitis continua de Hallopean/Continued acrodermatitis of Allopean. Rev Argent Dermatol. 74:97-104, jul.-set. 1993.
53. Tosti A, Fanti PA, Morelli R, Bardazzi F. Psoriasiform acral dermatitis. Report of three cases. Acta Derm Venereol. 1992;72:206-207.
54. Thielen AM, Barde C, Marazza G, Saurat JH. Long-Term Control with Etanercept (Enbrel) of a Severe Acrodermatitis Continua of Hallopeau Refractory to Infliximab (Remicade). Dermatology. 2008;217:137-139.
55. Durmazlar S P, Akpinar H, Eren C, Eskioglu F, Tatlican S. Treatment of acrodermatitis continua with topical 8-methoxypsoralen plus local narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy. Eur J Dermatol. 2009;19:478-480.
56. Balato N, Gallo L, Balato A, La Bella S, Ayala F. Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau responding to efalizumab therapy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009;23:1329-1330. Epub 2009 Feb 23.
57. Ryan C, Collins P, Kirby B, Rogers S. Treatment of acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau with adalimumab. Br J Dermatol. 2009;160:203-205.
58. Rubio C, Martin MA, Arranz Sánchez DM, Vidaurrazaga C, Casado M. Excellent and prolonged response to infliximab in a case of recalcitrant acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009;23:707-708.
59. Hellgren L, Mobacken H. Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris. Prevalence, clinical observations and prognosis. Acta DermVenereol. 1971;51:284-288.
60. Eriksson MO, Hagforsen E, Lundin I P, Michaelsson G. Palmoplantar pustulosis: A clinical and immunohistological study. Br J Dermatol. 1998 138:390-398.
61. Akiyama T, Seishima M, Watanabe H, Nakatani A, Mori S, Kitajima Y. The relationships of onset and exacerbation of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris to smoking and focal infections. J Dermatol. 1995;22:930-934.
62. Burden AD, Kemmett D. The spectrum of nail involvement in palmoplantar pustulosis. Br J Dermatol. 1996;134:1079-1082.
63. Ward JM, Barnes RMR. HLA antigens in persistent palmoplantar pustulosis and its relationship to psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 1978;99:477-483.
64. Torii H, Nakagawa H, Ishibashi Y, Tokunaga K, Juji T. Genetic polymorphisms in HLA-A, -B, -C and -DR antigens in Japanese patients with palmoplamtar pustulosis. Dermatol. 1994;188:290-292.
65. Hashigucci K, Yokoyama M, Niizeki H, Yamasaki Y, Akiya K, Tojo T et al. Polymorphism in the tumor necrosis B gene is associated with Palmoplantar pustulosis. Tissue Antigens. 1999;54:288-290.
66. Niizeki H, Naruse T, Hashigucci K, Yokoyama M, Yamasaki Y, Akiya K, et al. Polymorphisms in the TNFA promoter region is not associated with palmoplantar pustulosis. Tissue Antigens 2000;56:162-5.
67. Kingo K, Mossner R, Koks S, Ratsep R, Kruger U, Vasar E, et al. Association analysis of IL19, IL20 and IL24 genes in palmoplantar pustulosis. Br J Dermatol. 2007; 156:646-652.
68. Hagforsen E, Michaelsson K, Lundgren E, Olofsson H, Petersson A, Lagumdzija A, et al. Women with palmoplantar pustulosis have disturbed calcium homeostasis and a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and psychiatric disorders: a case control study. Acta Derm Venereol. 2005;85:225-232.
69. Miot HA, Miot LD, Lopes PS, Haddad GR, Marques SA. Association between palmo-plantar pustulosis and cigarette smoking in Brazil: a case-control study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009 Apr 23. [Epub ahead of print]
70. Hagforsen E, Edvinsson M, Nordlind K, Michaelsson G. Expression of nicotinic receptors in the skin of patients with palmoplantar pustulosis. Br J Dermatol. 2002;146: 383-391.
71. Hagforsen E, Einarsson A, Aronsson F, Nordlind K, Michaeèlsson G. The distribution of choline acetyltransferase- and acetylcholinesterase-like immunoreactivity in the palmar skin of patients with palmoplantar pustulosis. Br J Dermatol. 2000;142: 234-242.
72. Yiannias JA, Winkelmann RK, Connolly SM. Contact sensitivities in palmar plantar pustulosis (acropustulosis). Contact Dermatitis. 1998;39:108-111.
73. Ishihara K, Ando T, Kosugi M, Kato T, Morimoto M, Yamane G, et al. Relationships between the onset of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris, periodontitis and bacterial heat shock proteins. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2000;15:232-237.
74. Enomoto T, Takiguchi H, Hayashi Y, Tabata T. Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris with reference to cross-reactivity between tonsillar epithelium antigen and skin antigen. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh). 1983:401:36-42.
75. Sakiyama H, Kobayashi S, Dianzani U, Ogiuchi H, Kawashima M, Uchiyama T, Yagi J. Possible involvement of T cell co-stimulation in pustulosis palmaris et plantaris via the induction of inducible co-stimulator in chronic focal. Infect J Dermatol Sci. 2008;50:197-207.
76. Saez-Rodrguez M, Noda-Cabrera A, Garca-Bustnduy M, Guimera-Martn-Neda F, Dorta-Alom S, Escoda-García M, et al. Palmoplantar pustulosis associated with gastric Helicobacter pylori infection. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2002;27: 714-22.
77. Nozawa H, Kishibe K, Takahara M, Harabuchi Y. Expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) in tonsillar T-cells and its induction by in vitro stimulation with alpha-streptococci in patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (PPP). Clin Immunol. 2005;116: 42- 53.
78. Murakata H, Harabuchi Y, Kataura A. Increased interleukin-6, interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha production by tonsillar mononuclear cells stimulated with alpha-streptococci in patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris. Acta Otolaryngol. 1999;119:384-391.
79. Yamamoto T. Extra-palmoplantar lesions associated with palmoplantar pustulosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009 May 6. [Epub ahead of print]
80. Mössner R, Thaci D, Mohr J, Pätzold S, Bertsch H P, Krüger U, et al. Manifestation of palmoplantar pustulosis during or after infliximab therapy for plaque-type psoriasis: report on five cases. Arch Dermatol Res. 2008;300:101-105.
81. Sladden MJ, Clarke PJ, Wettenhall J. Infliximab-induced palmoplantar pustulosis in a patient with crohn disease. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(11):1449.
82. Mengesha YM, Bennett ML. Pustular Skin Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2002;3:389-400.
83. Sáez-Rodríguez M, Noda-Cabrera A, Alvarez-Tejera S, Guimerá-Martín-Neda F, Dorta-Alom S, Escoda-García M, et al. The role of psychological factors in palmo plantar pustulosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2002;16:325-327.
84. Chamot A, Benhamou CL, Kahn M F, Beraneck G, et al. Le syndrome acne pustulose hyperostose osteite (SAPHO). Rev Rhum.1987;54:187-196.
85. Sonozaki H, Kawashima M, Hongo U, Yaoita H, Ikeno M, Matsuura M, et al. Incidence Of Arthro-Osteitis In Patients With Pustulosis Palmaris Et Plantaris. Ans Rhem Dis. 1981;40:554-557.
86. Earwaker JWS, Cotton A. SAPHO: syndrome or concept? Imaging findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2003;32:311-327.
87. Mejjad O, Daragon A, Louvel J P, Da Silva L F, Thomine E, Lauret P, et al. Osteoarticular manifestations of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris and of psoriasis: two distinct entities. An Rheum Dis. 1996;55:177-180.
88. Nymann P, Kollerup G, Jemec GB, Grossmann E. Decreased bone mineral density in patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris. Dermatology. 1996;192:307-311.
89. Agner T, Sindrup JH, Høier-Madsen M, Hegedüs L. Thyroid Disease In Pustulosis Palmoplantaris. Br J Dermatol. 1989;121:487-491.
90. Weisenseel P, Kuznetsov AV, Ruzicka T, Prinz JC. Palmoplantar pustulosis is not inevitably associated with antigliadin antibodies. Br J Dermatol. 2007;156:1362-1402.
91. Michaelsson G, Kristjansson G, Lundin I P, Hagforsen E. Palmoplantar pustulosis and gluten sensitivity:a study of serum antibodies against gliadin and tissue transglutaminase, the duodenal mucosa and effects of gluten-free diet. Br J Dermatol. 2007;156:659-666.
92. Asumalahti K, Ameen M, Suomela S, Hagforsen E, Michaelsson G, Evans J et al. Genetic Analysis of PSORS1 Distinguishes Guttate Psoriasis and Palmoplantar Pustulosis. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;120:627-632.
93. Marsland AM, Chalmers RJG, Hollis S, Leonardi-Bee J, Griffiths CEM. Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2008. Oxford: Update Software.
94. Michaelsson G, Gustafsson K, Hagforsen E. The Psoriasis Variant Palmoplantar Pustulosis Can Be Improved After Cessation Of Smoking. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006; 54:737-8.
95. Guenther LC. Alefacept is safe and efficacious in the treatment of palmar plantar pustulosis. J Cutan Med Surg. 2007;11:202-205.
96. Bissonnette R, Poulin Y, Bolduc C, Maari C, Provost N, Syrotuik J, Poulin-Costello CM, Nigen S. Etanercept in the treatment of palmoplantar pustulosis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2008;7:940-946.
97. Kikushima I, Cáceres H, Ballona R, Castro IR, Torres R, Velásquez F et al. Acropustulosis infantil en el Instituto Especilizado de Salud del Niño. Dermatol Pediatr Lat. 2005;3:216-219.
98. de Araújo T, Svhachmer L. Erupções vesicopustulosas benignas no neonato. An Bras Dermatol. 2006;81:359-366.
99. Braun-Falco M, Stachowitz S, Schbopp C, Ring J, Abeck D. Infantile acropustulosis successfully controled with topical cortocosteroids under damp tubular retention bandages. Acta Derm Venereol. 2001;81:140-141.
100. Mancini AJ, Frieden IJ, Paller AS. Infantile acropustulosis revisited: history of scabies and response to topical corticosteroids. Pediatr Dermatol. 1998;15:337-41.
101. Bulo Concellón M P, Rodriguez Ruíz IM, Mohamed Ahmed M, Rico de Cos S, Casanova Bellido. Acropustulosis infantil: Una entidad poco frecuente. Vox Pediatr. 2000;8:59-61.
102. Troung AL, Esterly NB. Atypical acropustulosis in infancy. Int J Dermatol. 1997;36:677-699.
103. Dromy R, Raz A, Metzker A. Infantile acropustulosis. Pediatr Dermatol. 1991;8:284-287.
104. Humeau S, Bureau B, Litoux P, Stalder J F. Infantile acropustulosis in six immigrant children. Pediatr Dermatol. 1995;12:211-214.
105. Hautier-Mazereeuw J. Infantile acropustulosis. Presse Med. 2004;33:1352-1354.
106. Pauporte M, Frieden I. Vesicobullous and erosive diseases in the newborn. In: Bologna JL, Jorizzo JL, Rapini L P. Dermatology. London: Mosby; 2003. p.516-517.
107. Andrews GC, Machagek G F. Pustular bacterid. Arch Dermatol Syphil. 1935;32: 837-845.
108. Odom RB, James WD, Berger TG. Pustular Bacteride. In: Andrews ́ Disease of the Skin. Local: Philadelphia Editora WB Saunders Company; 1999. p. 214-253. (Chapter 10,)
109. Proença NG. Pustuloses palmoplantares com lesões mínimas (tipo dermatite repens de Radcliff-Crocker). An Bras Dermatol. 1990;65:256-260.
110. Benhamou CL, Bardet M, Luthier F, Caplan F, Brigant S. [Chronic arthritis in palmo-plantar pustulosis. Bacterid of Andrews. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic. 1985;52 (7-9):487-90.
111. Ellis E Scheinfeld. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. A comprehensive review of treatment options. Am J Dermatol. 2004;5:189-97.
112. Adelia R, D'Almeida G, Nobre de Lira H, Corredor G, Alves MFGS, Azulay RD. Foliculite pustulosa eosinofílica. An Bras Dermatol. 1993;68:163-166.
113. Nervi JS, Schwartz RA, Dmochowski M. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis: A 40 year retrospect. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;55:285-289.
114. Ise S, Ofuji S. Subcornael pustular dermatosis. A follicular variant? Arch Dermatol. 1965;62:169-171.
115. Suresh MS, Arora S, Nair RRK. Doctor I am on fire: Eosinophilic folliculitis in HIV negative. Indian J Dermatol Venerol Leprol. 2009;75:194-196.
116. Sufyan W, Tan Kb, Wong S T, Lee YS. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007;131:1598-1601.
117. Larralde M, Morales S, Muñoz AS, Lamas F, Schroh R, Corbella C. Eosinophilic pustular in infancy: Report of two new cases. Pediatr Dermatol. 1999;16:118-120.
118. Hayes BB, Hille RC, Goldberg LJ. Eosinophilic folliculitis in 2 HIV-positive women. Arch Dermtol. 2004;140:463-5.
119. Ishiguro N, Shishido E, Okamoto R, Igarashi Y, Yamada M, Kawashima M. Ofujis disease: A report on 20 patients with clinical and histopathologic analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;46:827-833.
120. Brazzelli V, Barbagallo T, Prestinari F, Ciocca O, Vassallo C, Borroni G. HIV seronega-tive eosinophilic pustular folliculitis successfully treated with doxicyline. Eur J Acad Dermatol Venerol. 2004;18:467-470.
121. Fearfield LA, Rowe A, Francis N, Bunker CB, Staughton RCD. Itchy foliculitis and human immunodeficiency virus infection: clinicopathological and immunological features, pathogenesis and treatment. Br J Dermatol. 1999;141:3-11.
122. Gul U, Kilic A, Demiriz M. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis: The first case associated with hepatitis C virus. J Dermatol. 2007;34:397-399.
123. Majamaa H, Vaalasti A, Vaajahti P, Reunala T. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. Eur J Acad Dermatol Venerol. 2002;16:522-525.
124. Hara D, Kuroda K, Mieno H, Tajima S. Treatment of folliculitis eosinophilic with traco-limus ointment. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;51:43-45.
125. Fukamachi S, Kabashima K, Sugita K, Kobayashi M, Tokura Y. Therapeutic effectiveness of various treatments for eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. Acta Derm Venerol. 2009;89:155-159.
126. Kuwano Y, Watanabe R, Fujimoto M, Komine M, Asahina A, Tsukada N, Tamaki K. Treatment of HIV-associated eosinophilic pustular folliculitis with narrow-band UVB. Int J Dermatol. 2006;45:1265-1267.
127. Rajendran PM, Dolev JC, Heaphy MR, Maurer T. Eosinophilic folliculitis before and after introduction of antiretroviral therapy. Arch Dermatol 2005; 141:1227-1231.
128. Berk DR, Bayliss SJ. Neutrophilic dermatoses in children. Ped dermatol. 2008;25: 509-519.
129. Hospach T, Von den Driesch P, Daunecker GE. Acute febrile dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome) in childhood and adolescence: two new patients and review of the literature on associated diseases. Eur J Pediatr. 2009;168:1-9.
130. Graham JA, Hansen KK Rabinowitz, LG, Esterly, NB. Pyoderma Gangrenosum in Infants and Children. Pediatr Dermatol. 1994;11:1-7.
131. Torrelo A, Colmenero I, Serrano C, Vilanova A, Naranjo R, Zambrano A. Pyoderma Gangrenosum in an infant. Pediatr Dermatol. 2006;23:338-341.
132. Krause I, Uziel Y, Guedj D, Mukamel M, Harel L, Molad Y, et al. Childhood Behçet's disease: clinical features and comparison and comparison with adult-onset disease. Rheumatology (Oxford). 1999;38:457-462.
133. Borlu M, Ukflal U, Ferahbafl A, Evereklioglu C. Clinical features of Behçet's disease in children. Int J Dermatol. 2006; 45:933-938.
134. Landau M, Metzker A, Gat A, Ben-Amitai D, Brenner S. Palmoplantar eccrine hidra-denitis: three new cases and review. Ped Dermatol. 1998;15:97-102.
135. Tlougan BE, Podjasek JO, O'Haver J, Cordova KB, Nguyen XH, Tee R, et al. Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) and synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperos-tosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome with associated neutrophilic dermatoses: a repor t of seven cases and review of the literature. Pediatr Dermatol. 2009;26:497-505.