메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 66-88

Reducing urban road transportation externalities: Road pricing in theory and in practice

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT; CONFERENCE PROCEEDING; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; EMISSION CONTROL; GREENHOUSE GAS; POLLUTION CONTROL; ROAD PRICING; TRAFFIC CONGESTION; TRANSPORTATION POLICY; URBAN TRANSPORT;

EID: 79960056186     PISSN: 17506816     EISSN: 17506824     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/reep/req019     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (178)

References (90)
  • 2
    • 77954488701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMMA. Agenzia Milanese Mobilita' e Ambiente. (dicembre 2008) (accessed March 17, 2011)
    • AMMA. 2008. Monitoraggio indicatori Ecopass. Prime valutazioni. Agenzia Milanese Mobilita' e Ambiente. (dicembre 2008). http://www.comune.milano.it/dseserver/ecopass/report/Monitoraggio_Ecopass_11Mesi.pdf(accessed March 17, 2011).
    • (2008) Monitoraggio indicatori Ecopass. Prime valutazioni
  • 3
    • 79960051368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forthcoming. Discovering the efficiency of urban sprawl
    • ed. N. Brooks, K. Donaghy, and G. Knaap, Chapter 4. Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Anas, A. Forthcoming. Discovering the efficiency of urban sprawl. In Handbook of urban economics and planning, ed. N. Brooks, K. Donaghy, and G. Knaap, Chapter 4. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • Handbook of urban economics and planning
    • Anas, A.1
  • 4
    • 34447288926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A regional economy, land use, and transportation model (RELUTRAN), formulation, algorithm design, and testing
    • Anas, A., and Y. Liu. 2007. A regional economy, land use, and transportation model (RELUTRAN), formulation, algorithm design, and testing. Journal of Regional Science 47 (3): 415-55.
    • (2007) Journal of Regional Science , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 415-455
    • Anas, A.1    Liu, Y.2
  • 7
    • 33644620779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The politicoeconomic link between public transport and road pricing: An ex-ante study of the Stockholm roadpricing trial
    • Armelius, H., and L.Hultkrantz. 2006. The politicoeconomic link between public transport and road pricing: An ex-ante study of the Stockholm roadpricing trial. Transport Policy 13 (2): 162-72.
    • (2006) Transport Policy , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 162-172
    • Armelius, H.1    Hultkrantz, L.2
  • 8
    • 77952585453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The big smoke: Congestion charging and the environment
    • ed. H. Richardson and C-H C. Bae, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar
    • Banister, D. 2008. The big smoke: Congestion charging and the environment. In Road congestion pricing in Europe: Implications for the United States, ed. H. Richardson and C-H C. Bae, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar., 176-97.
    • (2008) Road congestion pricing in Europe: Implications for the United States , pp. 176-197
    • Banister, D.1
  • 9
    • 9644254537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of congestion charging on vehicle emissions in London
    • Beevers, S., and D. Carslaw. 2005. The impact of congestion charging on vehicle emissions in London. Atmospheric Environment 39: 1-5.
    • (2005) Atmospheric Environment , vol.39 , pp. 1-5
    • Beevers, S.1    Carslaw, D.2
  • 10
    • 33744820062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introducing environmental externalities into transport pricing: Measurements and implications
    • Bickel, P., R. Friedrich, H. Link, L. Stewart, and C. Nash. 2006. Introducing environmental externalities into transport pricing: Measurements and implications. Transport Reviews 26 (4): 389-415.
    • (2006) Transport Reviews , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 389-415
    • Bickel, P.1    Friedrich, R.2    Link, H.3    Stewart, L.4    Nash, C.5
  • 11
    • 0023822707 scopus 로고
    • Electronic road pricing: An idea whose time may never come
    • Borins, S. 1988. Electronic road pricing: An idea whose time may never come. Transportation Research Part A 22: 37-44.
    • (1988) Transportation Research Part A , vol.22 , pp. 37-44
    • Borins, S.1
  • 12
    • 46449138908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributional effects of road pricing: Assessment of nine scenarios for Paris
    • Bureau, B., and M. Glachant. 2008. Distributional effects of road pricing: Assessment of nine scenarios for Paris. Transportation Research Part A 42 (7): 994-1008.
    • (2008) Transportation Research Part A , vol.42 , Issue.7 , pp. 994-1008
    • Bureau, B.1    Glachant, M.2
  • 13
    • 84855335106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Library Singapore, Singapore Infopedia. (accessed July 25, 2009)
    • Chew, V. 2008. Electronic road pricing: Developments after phase I. National Library Singapore, Singapore Infopedia. http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1386_2009-01-05.html (accessed July 25, 2009).
    • (2008) Electronic road pricing: Developments after phase I
    • Chew, V.1
  • 14
    • 0029669403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Containing air pollution and traffic congestion: Transport policy and the environment in Singapore
    • Chin, A. 1996. Containing air pollution and traffic congestion: Transport policy and the environment in Singapore. Atmospheric Environment 30 (5): 787-801.
    • (1996) Atmospheric Environment , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 787-801
    • Chin, A.1
  • 15
    • 79960066591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainable urban transportation: Abatement and control of traffic congestion and vehicular emissions from land transportation in Singapore
    • Chin, A.. 2000. Sustainable urban transportation: Abatement and control of traffic congestion and vehicular emissions from land transportation in Singapore. Environmental Economics and Policy Studies 3: 355-80.
    • (2000) Environmental Economics and Policy Studies , vol.3 , pp. 355-380
    • Chin, A.1
  • 16
    • 84855329572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Road pricing-Singapore's 30 years of experience
    • (accessed March 17, 2011)
    • Chin, K. 2005. Road pricing-Singapore's 30 years of experience. Dice Report: Journal of Institutional Comparisons, 3 (3): 12-6. http://www.cesifo-group.de/pls/guestci/download/CESifo%20DICE%20Report%202005/CESifo%20DICE%20Report%203/2005/dicereport305-forum3.pdf (accessed March 17, 2011).
    • (2005) Dice Report: Journal of Institutional Comparisons , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 12-16
    • Chin, K.1
  • 17
    • 78751563624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working Paper 15413, National Bureau of Economic Research (accessed December 1, 2009)
    • Currie, J., and R. Walker. 2009. Traffic congestion and infant health: Evidence from E-ZPass. Working Paper 15413, National Bureau of Economic Research. http://www.nber.org/papers/w15413 (accessed December 1, 2009).
    • (2009) Traffic congestion and infant health: Evidence from E-ZPass
    • Currie, J.1    Walker, R.2
  • 18
    • 0005193782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The environmental impact of highway congestion pricing
    • Daniel, J., and K. Bekka. 2000. The environmental impact of highway congestion pricing. Journal of Urban Economics 47 (2): 180-215.
    • (2000) Journal of Urban Economics , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 180-215
    • Daniel, J.1    Bekka, K.2
  • 19
    • 60449092608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Road pricing and retail revenues: Results from the Stockholm Road Pricing Trial
    • Daunfelt, S., N. Rudholm, and U. Rämne. 2009. Road pricing and retail revenues: Results from the Stockholm Road Pricing Trial. Transportation Research Part A 43 (3): 306-9.
    • (2009) Transportation Research Part A , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 306-309
    • Daunfelt, S.1    Rudholm, N.2    Ramne, U.3
  • 21
    • 84856708581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • External costs of transport in the U.S
    • ed. A. de Palma, R. Lindsey, E. Quinet, and R. Vickerman. Edward Elgar, in preparation
    • Delucchi, M., and D. McCubbin. 2009. External costs of transport in the U.S. In Handbook in transport economics, ed. A. de Palma, R. Lindsey, E. Quinet, and R. Vickerman. Edward Elgar, in preparation.
    • (2009) Handbook in transport economics
    • Delucchi, M.1    McCubbin, D.2
  • 22
    • 74349101427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical Report, Rand Transportation, Space, and Technology (accessed June 5, 2009)
    • Ecola, L., and T. Light. 2009. Equity and congestion pricing: A review of the evidence. Technical Report, Rand Transportation, Space, and Technology. http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR680/ (accessed June 5, 2009).
    • (2009) Equity and congestion pricing: A review of the evidence
    • Ecola, L.1    Light, T.2
  • 23
    • 61849083068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-benefit analysis of the Stockholm congestion charging system
    • Eliasson, J. 2009. Cost-benefit analysis of the Stockholm congestion charging system. Transportation Research Part A 43 (4): 468-80.
    • (2009) Transportation Research Part A , vol.43 , Issue.4 , pp. 468-480
    • Eliasson, J.1
  • 25
    • 84855335437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Federal Highway Administration, U. S. Department of Transportation (accessed August 13, 2009)
    • Federal Highway Administration. 2009. Transit and congestion pricing: A primer. U.S. Department of Transportation. http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop09015/fhwahop09015.pdf (accessed August 13, 2009).
    • (2009) Transit and congestion pricing: A primer
  • 30
    • 33744814685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating accident and travel delay externalities in an urban speed reduction context
    • Hensher, D. 2006. Integrating accident and travel delay externalities in an urban speed reduction context. Journal of Urban Economics 26 (4): 521-34.
    • (2006) Journal of Urban Economics , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 521-534
    • Hensher, D.1
  • 31
    • 39849084619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change, enhanced greenhouse gas emissions, and passenger transport-What can we do to make a difference?
    • Hensher, D. 2008. Climate change, enhanced greenhouse gas emissions, and passenger transport-What can we do to make a difference? Transportation Research Part D 13 (2): 95-111.
    • (2008) Transportation Research Part D , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 95-111
    • Hensher, D.1
  • 33
    • 22144484515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing road user charging: The lessons learnt from Hong Kong, Cambridge and Central London
    • Ison, S., and T. Rye. 2005. Implementing road user charging: The lessons learnt from Hong Kong, Cambridge and Central London. Transport Reviews 25 (4): 451-65.
    • (2005) Transport Reviews , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 451-465
    • Ison, S.1    Rye, T.2
  • 34
    • 0030615910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal road-pricing: Simultaneous treatment of time losses, increased fuel consumption, and emissions
    • Johansson, O. 1997. Optimal road-pricing: Simultaneous treatment of time losses, increased fuel consumption, and emissions. Transportation Research Part D 2: 77-87.
    • (1997) Transportation Research Part D , vol.2 , pp. 77-87
    • Johansson, O.1
  • 35
    • 31344436407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal environmental road pricing
    • Johansson-Stenman,O. 2006.Optimal environmental road pricing. Economics Letters 90 (2): 225-29.
    • (2006) Economics Letters , vol.90 , Issue.2 , pp. 225-229
    • Johansson-Stenman O1
  • 36
    • 60449112385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral adjustments and equity effects of congestion pricing: Analysis of morning commutes during the Stockholm trial
    • Karlström, A., and J. Franklin. 2009. Behavioral adjustments and equity effects of congestion pricing: Analysis of morning commutes during the Stockholm trial. Transportation Research Part A 43 (3): 283-96.
    • (2009) Transportation Research Part A , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 283-296
    • Karlström, A.1    Franklin, J.2
  • 37
    • 21644434968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Credit-based congestion pricing: A proposed policy and the public's response
    • Kockelman, K., and S. Kalmanje. 2005. Credit-based congestion pricing: A proposed policy and the public's response. Transportation Research Part A 39: 671-90.
    • (2005) Transportation Research Part A , vol.39 , pp. 671-690
    • Kockelman, K.1    Kalmanje, S.2
  • 38
    • 60449111082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of public transport for feasibility and acceptability of congestion charging-The case of Stockholm
    • Kottenhoff, K., and K. Brundell Freij. 2009. The role of public transport for feasibility and acceptability of congestion charging-The case of Stockholm. Transportation Research Part A 43 (3): 297-305.
    • (2009) Transportation Research Part A , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 297-305
    • Kottenhoff, K.1    Brundell Freij, K.2
  • 39
    • 34047242125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cordon charges and the use of revenue: A case study of Edinburgh
    • ed. A. de Palma, R. Lindsey, and S. Proost. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier
    • Laird, J., C. Nash, and S. Shepherd. 2007. Cordon charges and the use of revenue: A case study of Edinburgh. In Investment and the use of tax and toll revenues in the transport sector. ed. A. de Palma, R. Lindsey, and S. Proost, 161-87. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier.
    • (2007) Investment and the use of tax and toll revenues in the transport sector , pp. 161-187
    • Laird, J.1    Nash, C.2    Shepherd, S.3
  • 40
    • 33947689141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The London congestion charge
    • Leape, J. 2006. The London congestion charge. Journal of Economic Perspectives 20 (4): 157-76.
    • (2006) Journal of Economic Perspectives , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 157-176
    • Leape, J.1
  • 41
    • 79960063425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paper presented at the 89th AnnualMeeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January. Conference CD Paper No. 10-2819
    • Lee, T-C, J. Polak, M. Bell, and M. Wigan. 2010. Passenger-car unit values of motorcycles in congested flow. Paper presented at the 89th AnnualMeeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January. Conference CD Paper No. 10-2819.
    • (2010) Passenger-car unit values of motorcycles in congested flow
    • Lee, T.-C.1    Polak, J.2    Bell, M.3    Wigan, M.4
  • 42
    • 47249132980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traffic-related air quality assessment for open road tolling highway facility
    • Lin, J., and D. Yu. 2008. Traffic-related air quality assessment for open road tolling highway facility. Journal of Environmental Management 88: 962-69.
    • (2008) Journal of Environmental Management , vol.88 , pp. 962-969
    • Lin, J.1    Yu, D.2
  • 43
    • 84855301131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congestion relief: Assessing the case for road tolls in Canada
    • (accessed August 6, 2010)
    • Lindsey, R. 2007. Congestion relief: Assessing the case for road tolls in Canada, C. D. Howe Institute Commentary 248. http://www.cdhowe.org/pdf/commentary_248.pdf (accessed August 6, 2010).
    • (2007) C. D. Howe Institute Commentary 248
    • Lindsey, R.1
  • 44
    • 19944406847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The London congestion charge: A tentative economic appraisal: A comment on the paper by Prud'homme and Bocajero
    • Mackie, P. 2005. The London congestion charge: A tentative economic appraisal: A comment on the paper by Prud'homme and Bocajero. Transport Policy 12: 288-90.
    • (2005) Transport Policy , vol.12 , pp. 288-290
    • Mackie, P.1
  • 46
    • 0000631695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marginal tax reform, externalities and income distribution
    • Mayeres, I., and S. Proost. 2001. Marginal tax reform, externalities and income distribution. Journal of Public Economics 79: 343-63.
    • (2001) Journal of Public Economics , vol.79 , pp. 343-363
    • Mayeres, I.1    Proost, S.2
  • 47
    • 25844530425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The air quality impact of cordon and distance based road user charging: An empirical study of Leeds, UK
    • Mitchell, G., A. Namdeo, and D. Milne. 2005. The air quality impact of cordon and distance based road user charging: An empirical study of Leeds, UK. Atmospheric Environment 39: 6231-42.
    • (2005) Atmospheric Environment , vol.39 , pp. 6231-6242
    • Mitchell, G.1    Namdeo, A.2    Milne, D.3
  • 48
    • 0001618314 scopus 로고
    • Optimization and scale economies in urban bus transportation
    • Mohring, H. 1972. Optimization and scale economies in urban bus transportation. American Economic Review 62: 591-604.
    • (1972) American Economic Review , vol.62 , pp. 591-604
    • Mohring, H.1
  • 50
    • 0025679788 scopus 로고
    • Pricing and congestion: Economic principles relevant to pricing roads
    • Newbery, D. 1990. Pricing and congestion: Economic principles relevant to pricing roads. Oxford Review of Economic Policy 6 (2): 22-38.
    • (1990) Oxford Review of Economic Policy , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 22-38
    • Newbery, D.1
  • 51
    • 0036731893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pricing road use: Politico-economic and fairness considerations
    • Oberholzer-Gee, F., and H. Weck-Hannemann. 2002. Pricing road use: Politico-economic and fairness considerations. Transportation Research Part D 7 (5): 357-71.
    • (2002) Transportation Research Part D , vol.7 , Issue.5 , pp. 357-371
    • Oberholzer-Gee, F.1    Weck-Hannemann, H.2
  • 52
    • 21644482053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the effects of road pricing on traffic in Singapore
    • Olszewski, P., and L. Xie. 2005.Modeling the effects of road pricing on traffic in Singapore. Transportation Research Part A 39 (7-9): 755-72.
    • (2005) Transportation Research Part A , vol.39 , Issue.7-9 , pp. 755-772
    • Olszewski, P.1    Xie, L.2
  • 54
    • 73649136164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should urban transit subsidies be reduced?
    • Parry, I., and K. Small. 2009. Should urban transit subsidies be reduced? American Economic Review 99 (3): 700-24.
    • (2009) American Economic Review , vol.99 , Issue.3 , pp. 700-724
    • Parry, I.1    Small, K.2
  • 55
    • 77954385820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How should passenger travel inMexico City be priced?
    • Parry, I., and G. R. Timilsina. 2010. How should passenger travel inMexico City be priced? Journal of Urban Economics 68 (2): 167-82.
    • (2010) Journal of Urban Economics , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 167-182
    • Parry, I.1    Timilsina, G.R.2
  • 58
    • 53649090645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal urban transport pricing in the presence of congestion, economies of density and costly public funds
    • Proost, S., and K. Van Dender. 2008. Optimal urban transport pricing in the presence of congestion, economies of density and costly public funds. Transportation Research Part A 42 (9): 1220-30.
    • (2008) Transportation Research Part A , vol.42 , Issue.9 , pp. 1220-1230
    • Proost, S.1    Van Dender, K.2
  • 60
    • 19944394914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The London congestion charge: A tentative economic appraisal
    • Prud'homme, R., and J. Bocarejo. 2005. The London congestion charge: A tentative economic appraisal. Transport Policy 12: 279-87.
    • (2005) Transport Policy , vol.12 , pp. 279-287
    • Prud'homme, R.1    Bocarejo, J.2
  • 61
    • 79960043697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paper presented at the 85th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January. Conference CD Paper No. 06-06913
    • Quddus, M., A. Carmel, and M. Bell. 2006. The impact of the congestion charge on retail: The London experience. Paper presented at the 85th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January. Conference CD Paper No. 06-0691.
    • (2006) The impact of the congestion charge on retail: The London experience
    • Quddus, M.1    Carmel, A.2    Bell, M.3
  • 62
    • 61349133507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congestion charging: An idea whose time has come-but not yet, at least not in England
    • Richards, M. 2008. Congestion charging: An idea whose time has come-but not yet, at least not in England. Transportation Research Record 2079: 21-8.
    • (2008) Transportation Research Record , vol.2079 , pp. 21-28
    • Richards, M.1
  • 64
    • 77952095955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The urban road pricing scheme to curb pollution in Milan, Italy: Description, impacts, and preliminary cost-benefit analysis assessment
    • Rotaris, L., R. Danielis, E. Marcucci, and J. Massiani. 2010. The urban road pricing scheme to curb pollution in Milan, Italy: Description, impacts, and preliminary cost-benefit analysis assessment. Transportation Research Part A 44 (5): 359-75.
    • (2010) Transportation Research Part A , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 359-375
    • Rotaris, L.1    Danielis, R.2    Marcucci, E.3    Massiani, J.4
  • 65
    • 79960039855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paper presented at the 11th World Conference on Transport Research, University of California, Berkeley, June 24-28. Conference CD Paper No. 1741
    • Santos, G. 2007. The London congestion charging scheme: The experience so far. Paper presented at the 11th World Conference on Transport Research, University of California, Berkeley, June 24-28. Conference CD Paper No. 1741.
    • (2007) The London congestion charging scheme: The experience so far
    • Santos, G.1
  • 66
    • 69649083462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London congestion charging
    • ed. G. Burtless and J. Rothenberg Pack, 177-207. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press
    • Santos, G. 2008. London congestion charging. In Brookings Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs: 2008, ed. G. Burtless and J. Rothenberg Pack, 177-207. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
    • (2008) Brookings Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs: 2008
    • Santos, G.1
  • 67
    • 36148950579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport policies in Singapore
    • Research in Transportation Economics, ed. G. Santos, 209-35. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier
    • Santos, G., W. Li, and W. Koh. 2004. Transport policies in Singapore. In Road pricing: Theory and evidence. Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 9 ed. G. Santos, 209-35. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier.
    • (2004) Road pricing: Theory and evidence , vol.9
    • Santos, G.1    Li, W.2    Koh, W.3
  • 69
    • 1242277416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributional impacts of road pricing: The truth behind themyth
    • Santos, G., and L. Rojey. 2004. Distributional impacts of road pricing: The truth behind themyth. Transportation 31 (1): 21-42.
    • (2004) Transportation , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-42
    • Santos, G.1    Rojey, L.2
  • 70
    • 33746893095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactance or acceptance? Reactions towards the introduction of road pricing
    • Schade, J., and M. Baum. 2007. Reactance or acceptance? Reactions towards the introduction of road pricing. Transportation Research Part A 41: 41-8.
    • (2007) Transportation Research Part A , vol.41 , pp. 41-48
    • Schade, J.1    Baum, M.2
  • 73
    • 0002444954 scopus 로고
    • The incidence of congestion tolls on urban highways
    • Small, K. 1983. The incidence of congestion tolls on urban highways. Journal of Urban Economics 13: 90-111.
    • (1983) Journal of Urban Economics , vol.13 , pp. 90-111
    • Small, K.1
  • 74
    • 36148933729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Road pricing and public transport
    • Research in Transportation Economics, ed. G. Santos, 133-58. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier
    • Small, K. 2004. Road pricing and public transport. In Road pricing: Theory and evidence, Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 9, ed. G. Santos, 133-58. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier.
    • (2004) Road pricing: Theory and evidence , vol.9
    • Small, K.1
  • 75
    • 29544433068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does Britain or the United States have the right gasoline tax?
    • Small, K., and I. Parry. 2005. Does Britain or the United States have the right gasoline tax? American Economic Review 95: 1276-89.
    • (2005) American Economic Review , vol.95 , pp. 1276-1289
    • Small, K.1    Parry, I.2
  • 77
    • 67349100457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiated road pricing, express lanes, and carpools: Exploiting heterogeneous preferences in policy design
    • ed. Burtless, G., and J. Rothenberg Pack, 53-96. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press
    • Small, K., C. Winston, and J. Yan. 2006. Differentiated road pricing, express lanes, and carpools: Exploiting heterogeneous preferences in policy design. In Brookings Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs: 2006, ed. Burtless, G., and J. Rothenberg Pack, 53-96. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
    • (2006) Brookings Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs: 2006
    • Small, K.1    Winston, C.2    Yan, J.3
  • 78
    • 49049090338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defensive driving and the external costs of accidents and travel delays
    • Steimetz, S. 2008. Defensive driving and the external costs of accidents and travel delays. Transportation Research Part B 42 (9): 703-24.
    • (2008) Transportation Research Part B , vol.42 , Issue.9 , pp. 703-724
    • Steimetz, S.1
  • 80
    • 84855326700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport for London. Congestion charging Central London: Impacts monitoring second annual report, April (accessed April 10, 2010)
    • Transport for London. 2004. Congestion charging Central London: Impacts monitoring second annual report, April. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging/6722.aspx#2 (accessed April 10, 2010).
    • (2004)
  • 81
    • 84855333107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central London congestion charging: Impactsmonitoring third annual report, April (accessed April 10, 2010)
    • Transport for London.Proost, S., and K. Van Dender. 2005. Central London congestion charging: Impactsmonitoring third annual report, April. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/ThirdAnnualReportFinal.pdf (accessed April 10, 2010).
    • (2005)
    • Proost, S.1    Van Dender, K.2
  • 82
    • 84855323573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport for London Central London congestion charging: Impacts monitoring, fifth annual report, July. (accessed August 24, 2009). TR News. 2010. Climate change: Curbing transportation's contributions, No. 268 May-June
    • Transport for London.Proost, S., and K. Van Dender. 2007. Central London congestion charging: Impacts monitoring, fifth annual report, July. www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/fifth-annual-impacts-monitoringreport-2007-07-07.pdf (accessed August 24, 2009). TR News. 2010. Climate change: Curbing transportation's contributions, No. 268, May-June.
    • (2007)
    • Proost, S.1    Van Dender, K.2
  • 83
    • 67349115978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and evaluation of road pricing: State-of-the-art and methodological advances
    • Tsekeris, T., and S. Voß. 2008. Design and evaluation of road pricing: State-of-the-art and methodological advances. Netnomics 10 (1): 5-52.
    • (2008) Netnomics , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-52
    • Tsekeris, T.1    Voß, S.2
  • 85
    • 0030295783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second-best congestion pricing: The case of an untolled alternative
    • Verhoef, E., P. Nijkamp, and P. Rietveld. 1996. Second-best congestion pricing: The case of an untolled alternative. Journal of Urban Economics 40 (3): 279-302.
    • (1996) Journal of Urban Economics , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 279-302
    • Verhoef, E.1    Nijkamp, P.2    Rietveld, P.3
  • 86
    • 1342309997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Product differentiation on roads: Constrained congestion pricing with heterogeneous users
    • Verhoef, E., and K. Small. 2004. Product differentiation on roads: Constrained congestion pricing with heterogeneous users. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy 38 (1): 127-56.
    • (2004) Journal of Transport Economics and Policy , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 127-156
    • Verhoef, E.1    Small, K.2
  • 87
    • 0002437121 scopus 로고
    • Welfare effects of congestion pricing in Singapore
    • Wilson, P. 1988. Welfare effects of congestion pricing in Singapore. Transportation 15: 191-210.
    • (1988) Transportation , vol.15 , pp. 191-210
    • Wilson, P.1
  • 89
    • 0031623068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principle of marginal-cost pricing: How does it work in a general road network?
    • Yang, H., and H.-J. Huang. 1998. Principle of marginal-cost pricing: How does it work in a general road network? Transportation Research Part A 32 (1): 45-54.
    • (1998) Transportation Research Part A , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-54
    • Yang, H.1    Huang, H.-J.2
  • 90
    • 79960034619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The public supports pricing if... A synthesis of public opinion studies on tolling and road pricing
    • Winter
    • Zmud, J. 2008. The public supports pricing if... A synthesis of public opinion studies on tolling and road pricing. Tollways, Winter: 29-39.
    • (2008) Tollways , pp. 29-39
    • Zmud, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.