To be or not to be (ethnic): Public vs. private expressions of ethnic identification differentially impact national inclusion of White and non-White groups

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

Volumn 47, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 908-914

  Yogeeswaran, Kumar ^a   Dasgupta, Nilanjana ^a   Adelman, Levi ^a   Eccleston, Alison ^a   Parker, Michael T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

Author keywords

American identity; Ethnic identity; Multiculturalism; National inclusion

Indexed keywords

EID: 79959491832     PISSN: 00221031     EISSN: 10960465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2011.03.010     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Alba D. Ethnic identity: The transformation of White America 1990, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
2. Bailey B. Language and negotiation of ethnic/racial identity among Dominican Americans. Language in Society 2000, 29:555-582.
3. Baron D. The English-only question 1990, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
4. Baumeister R., Leary M. The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin 1995, 117:497-529.
5. Birman D., Trickett E.J. Cultural transitions in first-generation immigrants: Acculturation of Soviet Jewish refugee adolescents and parents. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 2001, 32:456-477.
6. Branscombe N., Ellemers N., Spears R., Doosje B. The context and content of social identity threat. Social identity: Context, commitment, content 1999, 35-58. Blackwell Science, Oxford England.
7. Brewer M. The social self: On being the same and different at the same time. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 1991, 17:475-482.
8. Brewer M. The role of distinctiveness in social identity and group behaviour. Group motivation: Social psychological perspectives 1993, 1-16. Harvester-Wheatsheaf, New York. M. Hogg, D. Abrams (Eds.).
9. Byrd D. French burqa vote stirs strong reaction. YaleGlobal Online Retrieved from. http://www.voanews.com/english/news/europe/French-Burqa-Vote-Stirs-Strong-Reaction-98602469.html.
10. Byrne D. The attraction paradigm 1971, Academic Press, New York.
11. Daniels R. Coming to America: A history of immigration and ethnicity in American life 1990, Harper Collins, New York.
12. Devos T., Banaji M.R. American = White?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2005, 88:447-466.
13. Devos T., Gavin K., Quintana F. Say 'adios' to the American dream? The interplay between ethnic and national identity among Latino and Caucasian Americans. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 2010, 16:37-49.
14. Devos T., Ma D. Is Kate Winslet more American than Lucy Liu? The impact of construal processes on the implicit ascription of a national identity. British Journal of Social Psychology 2008, 47:191-215.
15. Dovidio J., Gaertner S., Schnabel N., Saguy T., Johnson J. Recategorization and prosocial behavior. The psychology of pro-social behavior: Group processes, intergroup relations, and helping 2010, 289-309. Blackwell, Oxford. S. Stürmer, M. Snyder (Eds.).
16. Downey D. From Americanization to multiculturalism: Political symbols and struggles for cultural diversity in twentieth-century American race relations. Sociological Perspectives 1999, 42:249-278.
17. Etzioni A. Citizenship tests: A comparative, communitarian perspective. The Political Quarterly 2007, 78:353-363.
18. Fishman J. Handbook of language & ethnic identity 1999, Oxford University Press, New York.
19. Foster L., Herzog P. Defending diversity: Contemporary philosophical perspectives on pluralism and multiculturalism 1994, University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, MA.
20. Fought C. Language and ethnicity 2006, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY.
21. Haarman H. Language in ethnicity 1986, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, Germany.
22. Hitlan R., Kelly K., Schepman S., Schneider K., Zarate M. Language exclusion and the consequences of perceived ostracism in the workplace. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice 2006, 10:56-70.
23. Hirschman C. America's melting pot reconsidered. Annual Review of Sociology 1983, 9:393-423.
24. Hornsey M., Jetten J. The individual within the group: Balancing the need to belong and the need to be different. Personality and Social Psychology Review 2004, 8:248-264.
25. Hornsey M., Hogg M. Assimilation and diversity: An integrative model of subgroup relations. Personality and Social Psychology Review 2000, 4:143-156.
26. Hogg M. Uncertainty-identity theory. Advances in experimental social psychology 2007, Vol. 39:69-126. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
27. Kaiser C., Pratt-Hyatt J. Distributing prejudice unequally: Do Whites direct their prejudice toward strongly identified minorities?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2009, 96:432-445.
28. Lomawaima K. Domesticity in the federal Indian schools. American Ethnologist 1993, 20:227-240.
29. Marques J., Paez D. The black sheep effect: Social categorization, rejection of ingroup deviants, and perception of group variability. European review of social psychology (Vol. 5) 1994, 37-68. Wiley, Chichester, England.
30. Marques J., Yzerbyt V. The black sheep effect: Judgmental extremity towards ingroup members in inter- and intra-group situations. European Journal of Social Psychology 1988, 18:287-292.
31. McNamara T., Shohamy E. Viewpoint: Language tests and human rights. International Journal of Applied Linguistics 2008, 18:89-95.
32. Moghaddam F. Multiculturalism and intergroup relations: Psychological implications for democracy in global context 2008, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC US.
33. Nosek B., Banaji M. The go/no-go association task. Social Cognition 2001, 19:625-666.
34. Plaut V. Diversity science: Why and how difference makes a difference. Psychological Inquiry 2010, 21:77-99.
35. Reyhner J., Eder J. American Indian education 2004, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK.
36. Ruitenberg C. B is for burqa, C is for censorship: The miseducative effects of censoring Muslim girls and women's sartorial discourse. Educational Studies 2008, 43:17-28.
37. Schildkraut D. American identity and attitudes toward official-English policies. Political Psychology 2003, 24:469-499.
38. Schildkraut D. Press one for English 2005, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
39. Schildkraut D. Defining American identity in the twenty-first century: How much "there" is there?. Journal of Politics 2007, 69:597-615.
40. Schmidt A. The menace of multiculturalism: Trojan horse in America 1997, Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT.
41. Sears D., Henry P., Kosterman R. Egalitarian values and contemporary racial politics. Racialized politics: The debate about racism in America 2000, 75-117. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. D.O. Sears, J. Sidanius, L. Bobo (Eds.).
42. Solomon S., Greenberg J., Pyszczynski T. Pride and prejudice: Fear of death and social behavior. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2000, 6:200-204.
43. Tajfel H., Turner J. The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. The psychology of intergroup relations 1986, 7-25. Nelson-Hall, Chicago, IL. S. Worchel, W.G. Austin (Eds.).
44. Taylor D. The social psychology of racial and cultural diversity: Issues of assimilation and multiculturalism. Bilingualism, multiculturalism, and second language learning 1991, 1-19. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. A. Reynolds (Ed.).
45. Tsai J., Mortensen H., Wong Y., Hess D. What does "being American" mean? A comparison of Asian American and European American young adults. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 2002, 8:257-273.
46. Wolsko C., Park B., Judd C. Considering the tower of Babel: Correlates of assimilation and multiculturalism among ethnic minority and majority groups in the United States. Social Justice Research 2006, 19:277-306.
47. Yogeeswaran K., Dasgupta N. Will the 'real' American please stand up? The effect of implicit national prototypes on discriminatory behavior and judgments. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2010, 36:1332-1345.
48. Yogeeswaran, K., Dasgupta, N., & Gomez, C. (2011). A new American dilemma? The effect of ethnic identification and public service on the national inclusion of ethnic groups. Manuscript under review.