Adaptation to marginal habitats by evolution of increased phenotypic plasticity

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

Volumn 24, Issue 7, 2011, Pages 1462-1476

  Chevin, L M ^a   Lande, R ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cline; Ecotype; Gene flow; Geographic variation; Maladaptation; Source sink dynamics; Species' range

Indexed keywords

ECOTYPE; FITNESS; GENE FLOW; GENETIC VARIATION; GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; POPULATION SIZE; SOURCE-SINK DYNAMICS;

ADAPTATION; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; DEMOGRAPHY; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; ECOSYSTEM; EVOLUTION; GENE FLOW; GENETICS; GEOGRAPHY; HISTOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; DEMOGRAPHY; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; ECOSYSTEM; GENE FLOW; GEOGRAPHY; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 79959348581     PISSN: 1010061X     EISSN: 14209101     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02279.x     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Ashton, K. 2002. Patterns of within-species body size variation of birds: strong evidence for Bergmann's rule. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 11: 505-523.
2. Atkinson, D. 1994. Temperature and organism size-a biological law for ectotherms? Adv. Ecol. Res. 25: 1-58.
3. Barton, N. 2001. Adaptation at the edge of a species' range. In: Integrating Ecology and Evolution in a Spatial Context, Vol. 14 (J. Silvertown & J. Antonovics, eds), pp. 365-392. Blackwell, Oxford.
4. Bergmann, C. 1847. Über die Verhältnisse der Wärmeökonomie der Thiere zu ihrer Grösse. Gottinger Studien 3: 595-708.
5. Bonnier, G. 1895. Recherches experimentales sur l'adaptation des plantes au climat alpin. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 7: 217-360.
6. Bridle, J.R., Polechova, J., Kawata, M. & Butlin, R.K. 2010. Why is adaptation prevented at ecological margins? New insights from individual-based simulations. Ecol. Lett. 13: 485-494.
7. Bulmer, M.G. 1971. Stable equilibria under the two-island model. Heredity 27: 321-330.
8. Bulmer, M.G. 1985. The Mathematical Theory of Quantitative Genetics. Clarendon press, Oxford.
9. van Buskirk, J. & Steiner, U.K. 2009. The fitness costs of developmental canalization and plasticity. J. Evol. Biol. 22: 852-860.
10. Cano, L., Escarre, J., Fleck, I., Blanco-Moreno, J. & Sans, F. 2008. Increased fitness and plasticity of an invasive species in its introduced range: a study using Senecio pterophorus. J. Ecol. 96: 468-476.
11. Cavalli-Sforza, L.L., Menozzi, P. & Piazza, A. 1993. Demic expansions and human evolution. Science 259: 639-646.
12. Charmantier, A. & Garant, D. 2005. Environmental quality and evolutionary potential: lessons from wild populations. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 272: 1415-1425.
13. Chevin, L.M. & Lande, R. 2010. When do adaptive plasticity and genetic evolution prevent extinction of a density-regulated population? Evolution 64: 1143-1150.
14. Chevin, L.M., Lande, R. & Mace, G.M. 2010. Adaptation, plasticity, and extinction in a changing environment: towards a predictive theory. PLoS Biol. 8: e1000357.
15. Clausen, J., Keck, D. & Hiesey, W. 1940. Experimental Studies on the Nature of Species. I. Effect of Varied Environments on Western North American Plants. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
16. Clausen, J., Keck, D. & Hiesey, W. 1947. Heredity of geographically and ecologically isolated races. Am. Nat. 81: 114-133.
17. Crispo, E. 2008. Modifying effects of phenotypic plasticity on interactions among natural selection, adaptation and gene flow. J. Evol. Biol. 21: 1460-1469.
18. Dewitt, T.J., Sih, A. & Wilson, D.S. 1998. Costs and limits of phenotypic plasticity. Trends Ecol. Evol. 13: 77-81.
19. Etterson, J.R. 2004. Evolutionary potential of Chamaecrista fasciculata in relation to climate change. II. Genetic architecture of three populations reciprocally planted along an environmental gradient in the great plains. Evolution 58: 1459-1471.
20. Falconer, D.S. & Mackay, T.F. 1996. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics, 4th edn. Longman Group, Harlow, UK.
21. Fisher, R.A. 1918. The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. 52: 35-42.
22. Francois, O., Currat, M., Ray, N., Han, E., Excoffier, L. & Novembre, J. 2010. Principal component analysis under population genetic models of range expansion and admixture. Mol. Biol. Evol. 27: 1257-1268.
23. Gavrilets, S. & Scheiner, S.M. 1993. The genetics of phenotypic plasticity. V. Evolution of reaction norm shape. J. Evol. Biol. 6: 31-48.
24. Gilchrist, G. & Huey, R. 2004. Plastic and genetic variation in wing loading as a function of temperature within and among parallel clines in Drosophila subobscura. Integr. Comp. Biol. 44: 461.
25. Goldberg, E.E. & Lande, R. 2006. Ecological and reproductive character displacement on an environmental gradient. Evolution 60: 1344-1357.
26. Gomulkiewicz, R., Holt, R.D. & Barfield, M. 1999. The effects of density dependence and immigration on local adaptation and niche evolution in a black-hole sink environment. Theor. Pop. Biol. 55: 283-296.
27. Gurevitch, J. 1992. Sources of variation in leaf shape among two populations of Achillea lanulosa. Genetics 130: 385.
28. Haldane, J. 1956. The relation between density regulation and natural selection. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 145: 306-308.
29. Hall, H. 1932. Heredity and environment - as illustrated by transplant studies. Sci. Monthly 35: 289-302.
30. Hoffmann, A.A. & Merila, J. 1999. Heritable variation and evolution under favourable and unfavourable conditions. Trends Ecol. Evol. 14: 96-101.
31. Holloway, G.J., Povey, S.R. & Sibly, R.M. 1990. The effect of new environment on adapted genetic architecture. Heredity 64: 323-330.
32. Holt, R.D. 2003. On the evolutionary ecology of species' ranges. Evol. Ecol. Res. 5: 159-178.
33. Holt, R.D. & Gaines, M. 1992. Analysis of adaptation in heterogeneous landscapes: implications for the evolution of fundamental niches. Evol. Ecol. 6: 433-447.
34. Holt, R.D., Gomulkiewicz, R. & Barfield, M. 2003. The phenomenology of niche evolution via quantitative traits in a 'black-hole' sink. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 270: 215-224.
35. Huey, R.B., Gilchrist, G.W., Carlson, M.L., Berrigan, D. & Serra, L. 2000. Rapid evolution of a geographic cline in size in an introduced fly. Science 287: 308-309.
36. James, A.C., Azevedo, R.B. & Partridge, L. 1997. Genetic and environmental responses to temperature of Drosophila melanogaster from a latitudinal cline. Genetics 146: 881-890.
37. de Jong, G. 1999. Unpredictable selection in a structured population leads to local genetic differentiation in evolved reaction norms. J. Evol. Biol. 12: 839-851.
38. de Jong, G. 2005. Evolution of phenotypic plasticity: patterns of plasticity and the emergence of ecotypes. New Phytol. 166: 101-117.
39. de Jong, G. & Behera, N. 2002. The influence of life-history differences on the evolution of reaction norms. Evol. Ecol. Res. 4: 1-25.
40. Kawecki, T.J. 2000. The evolution of canalization under fluctuating selection. Evolution 54: 1-12.
41. Kawecki, T.J. 2004. Ecological and evolutionary consequences of source-sink population dynamics. In: Ecology, Genetics, and Evolution of Metapopulations (I. Hanski & O. Gaggiotti, eds), pp. 387-414. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, MA.
42. Kawecki, T.J. 2008. Adaptation to marginal habitats. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 39: 321-342.
43. Kimbrell, T. & Holt, R.D. 2007. Canalization breakdown and evolution in a source-sink system. Am. Nat. 169: 370-382.
44. Kingsolver, J.G. & Huey, R.B. 2007. Temperature, size, performance and fitness. J. Morphol. 268: 1093.
45. Kingsolver, J.G., Massie, K., Ragland, G. & Smith, M. 2007. Rapid population divergence in thermal reaction norms for an invading species: breaking the temperatureñsize rule. J. Evol. Biol. 20: 892-900.
46. Kirkpatrick, M. & Barton, N.H. 1997. Evolution of a species' range. Am. Nat. 150: 1-23.
47. Knight, R. 1973. The climatic adaptation of populations of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) from southern France. J. Appl. Ecol. 10: 1-12.
48. Lande, R. 1976. Natural selection and random genetic drift in phenotypic evolution. Evolution 30: 314-334.
49. Lande, R. 1982. Rapid origin of sexual isolation and character divergence in a cline. Evolution 36: 213-223.
50. Lande, R. 2007. Expected relative fitness and the adaptive topography of fluctuating selection. Evolution 61: 1835-1846.
51. Lande, R. 2009. Adaptation to an extraordinary environment by evolution of phenotypic plasticity and genetic assimilation. J. Evol. Biol. 22: 1435-1446.
52. Lande, R. & Arnold, S.J. 1983. The measurement of selection on correlated characters. Evolution 37: 1210-1226.
53. Lee, C., Remfert, J. & Gelembiuk, G. 2003. Evolution of physiological tolerance and performance during freshwater invasions. Integr. Comp. Biol. 43: 439.
54. Lenormand, T. 2002. Gene flow and the limits to natural selection. Trends Ecol. Evol. 17: 183-189.
55. Lind, M.I., Ingvarsson, P.K., Johansson, H., Hall, D.W. & Johansson, F. 2011. Gene flow and selection on phenotypic plasticity in an island system of Rana temporaria. Evolution 65: 684-697.
56. Linhart, Y.B. & Grant, M.C. 1996. Evolutionary significance of local genetic differentiation in plants. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 27: 237-277.
57. Malécot, G. 1948. Les mathématiques de l'hérédité. Masson, Paris.
58. Mayr, E. 1956. Geographical character gradients and climatic adaptation. Evolution 10: 105-108.
59. Meiri, S. & Dayan, T. 2003. On the validity of Bergmann's rule. J. Biogeogr. 30: 331-351.
60. Morin, M., Moreau, B., Pétavy, D. & David, J. 1999. Divergence of reaction norms of size characters between tropical and temperate populations of Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans. J. Evol. Biol. 12: 329-339.
61. Otaki, J.M., Hiyama, A., Iwata, M. & Kudo, T. 2010. Phenotypic plasticity in the range-margin population of the lycaenid butterfly Zizeeria maha. BMC Evol. Biol. 10: 252.
62. Partridge, L. & Coyne, J. 1997. Bergmann's rule in ectotherms: is it adaptive? Evolution 51: 632-635.
63. Phillimore, A.B., Hadfield, J.D., Jones, O.R. & Smithers, R.J. 2010. Differences in spawning date between populations of common frog reveal local adaptation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107: 8292-8297.
64. Polechova, J., Barton, N.H. & Marion, G. 2009. Species' range: adaptation in space and time. Am. Nat. 174: E186-E204.
65. Pulliam, H.R. 1988. Sources, sinks, and population regulation. Am. Nat. 132: 652-661.
66. Richards, C.L., Bossdorf, O., Muth, N.Z., Gurevitch, J. & Pigliucci, M. 2006. Jack of all trades, master of some? On the role of phenotypic plasticity in plant invasions. Ecol. Lett. 9: 981-993.
67. Ronce, O. & Kirkpatrick, M. 2001. When sources become sinks: migrational meltdown in heterogeneous habitats. Evolution 55: 1520-1531.
68. le Rouzic, A. & Carlborg, O. 2008. Evolutionary potential of hidden genetic variation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 23: 33-37.
69. Sasaki, A. & de Jong, G. 1999. Density dependence and unpredictable selection in a heterogeneous environment: compromise and polymorphism in the ESS reaction norm. Evolution 53: 1329-1342.
70. Scharloo, W. 1991. Canalization: genetic and developmental aspects. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 22: 65-93.
71. Scheiner, S.M. 1993. Genetics and evolution of phenotypic plasticity. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 24: 35-68.
72. Scheiner, S.M. 1998. The genetics of phenotypic plasticity. VII. Evolution in a spatially-structured environment. J. Evol. Biol. 11: 303-320.
73. Schlichting, C.D. 2008. Hidden reaction norms, cryptic genetic variation, and evolvability. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1133: 187-203.
74. Schlichting, C.D. & Pigliucci, M. 1998. Phenotypic Evolution: A Reaction Norm Perspective. Sinauer Sunderland, MA.
75. Slatkin, M. 1978. Spatial Patterns in Distributions of Polygenic Characters. J. Theor. Biol. 70: 213-228.
76. Stillwell, R. 2010. Are latitudinal clines in body size adaptive? Oikos 119: 1387-1390.
77. Thibert-Plante, X. & Hendry, A.P. 2010. The consequences of phenotypic plasticity for ecological speciation. J. Evol. Biol. 24: 326-342.
78. van Tienderen, P. 1991. Evolution of generalists and specialists in spatially heterogeneous environments. Evolution 45: 1317-1331.
79. Tufto, J. 2000a. The evolution of plasticity and nonplastic spatial and temporal adaptations in the presence of imperfect environmental cues. Am. Nat. 156: 121-130.
80. Tufto, J. 2000b. Quantitative genetic models for the balance between migration and stabilizing selection. Genet. Res. 76: 285-293.
81. Tufto, J. 2001. Effects of releasing maladapted individuals: a demographic-evolutionary model. Am. Nat. 158: 331-340.
82. Turelli, M. & Barton, N.H. 1994. Genetic and statistical analyses of strong selection on polygenic traits: what, me normal? Genetics 138: 913-941.
83. Turesson, G. 1922. The genotypical response of the plant species to the habitat. Hereditas 3: 211-350.
84. Via, S. & Lande, R. 1985. Genotype-Environment Interaction and the Evolution of Phenotypic Plasticity. Evolution 39: 505-522.
85. vanVoorhies, W.A. 1996. Bergmann size clines: a simple explanation for their occurrence in ectotherms. Evolution 50: 1259-1264.
86. Wilczek, A., Roe, J., Knapp, M., Cooper, M., Lopez-Gallego, C., Martin, L. et al. 2009. Effects of genetic perturbation on seasonal life history plasticity. Science 323: 930.
87. Yeaman, S. & Guillaume, F. 2009. Predicting adaptation under migration load: the role of genetic skew. Evolution 63: 2926-2938.