메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 101, Issue 1-2, 2011, Pages 84-101

Cloud to ground lightning activity over Portugal and its association with circulation weather types

Author keywords

Circulation weather types; Cloud to Ground discharges; Iberian Peninsula; Lightning; Portugal

Indexed keywords

CIRCULATION WEATHER TYPES; CLOUD TO GROUND DISCHARGES; CLOUD-TO-GROUND DISCHARGE; CLOUD-TO-GROUND LIGHTNING; COASTAL REGIONS; CUT-OFF LOW; DIFFERENT MECHANISMS; DIURNAL CYCLE; IBERIAN PENINSULA; INTERANNUAL; INTRA-ANNUAL VARIABILITY; LIGHTNING ACTIVITY; METEOROLOGICAL FIELDS; PORTUGAL; SEASONAL SCALE; WINTER MONTHS;

EID: 79957950319     PISSN: 01698095     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.01.014     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (57)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0141906310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightning activity over land and sea on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean
    • Altaratz O., Levin Z., Yair Y., Ziv B. Lightning activity over land and sea on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean. Mon. Weather Rev. 2003, 131:2060-2070.
    • (2003) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.131 , pp. 2060-2070
    • Altaratz, O.1    Levin, Z.2    Yair, Y.3    Ziv, B.4
  • 3
    • 34547538591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) performance in southern Arizona, Texas, and Oklahoma in 2003-2004
    • Biagi C.J., Cummins K.L., Kehoe K.E., Krider E.P. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) performance in southern Arizona, Texas, and Oklahoma in 2003-2004. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:D05208. 10.1029/2006JD007341.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112
    • Biagi, C.J.1    Cummins, K.L.2    Kehoe, K.E.3    Krider, E.P.4
  • 4
  • 5
    • 0036876462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of weather-type and long range transport on airborne particle concentrations in Edinburgh, UK
    • Buchanan C.M., Beverland I.J., Heal M.R. The influence of weather-type and long range transport on airborne particle concentrations in Edinburgh, UK. Atmos. Environ. 2002, 36:5343-5354.
    • (2002) Atmos. Environ. , vol.36 , pp. 5343-5354
    • Buchanan, C.M.1    Beverland, I.J.2    Heal, M.R.3
  • 7
    • 0037369963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of a river valley on an isolated cumulonimbus cloud development
    • Ćurić M., Janc D., Vujović D., Vučković V. The effects of a river valley on an isolated cumulonimbus cloud development. Atmos. Res. 2003, 66:123-139.
    • (2003) Atmos. Res. , vol.66 , pp. 123-139
    • Ćurić, M.1    Janc, D.2    Vujović, D.3    Vučković, V.4
  • 8
    • 0034298538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightning casualties and damages in the United States from 1959 to 1994
    • Curran E.B., Holle R.L., López R.E. Lightning casualties and damages in the United States from 1959 to 1994. J. Climate 2000, 13:3448-3464.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 3448-3464
    • Curran, E.B.1    Holle, R.L.2    López, R.E.3
  • 9
    • 70349858105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of present and future ECHAM5 pressure fields using a classification of circulation patterns
    • Demuzere M., Werner M., van Lipzig N.P.M., Roeckner E. An analysis of present and future ECHAM5 pressure fields using a classification of circulation patterns. Int. J. Climatol. 2008, 29:1796-1810.
    • (2008) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.29 , pp. 1796-1810
    • Demuzere, M.1    Werner, M.2    van Lipzig, N.P.M.3    Roeckner, E.4
  • 10
    • 75249104807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O3 and PM10 levels at a rural mid-latitude site
    • Demuzere M., Trigo R.M., Vila-Guerau de Arellano J., van Lipzig N.P.N. The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O3 and PM10 levels at a rural mid-latitude site. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9:2695-2714.
    • (2009) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 2695-2714
    • Demuzere, M.1    Trigo, R.M.2    Vila-Guerau de Arellano, J.3    van Lipzig, N.P.N.4
  • 11
    • 0002218328 scopus 로고
    • Deaths caused by lightning in England and Wales, 1852-1990
    • Elsom D.M. Deaths caused by lightning in England and Wales, 1852-1990. Weather 1993, 48:83-90.
    • (1993) Weather , vol.48 , pp. 83-90
    • Elsom, D.M.1
  • 12
    • 0037052898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A weather-type approach to analysing water resource drought in the Yorkshire region from 1881 to 1998
    • Fowler H.J., Kilsby C.G. A weather-type approach to analysing water resource drought in the Yorkshire region from 1881 to 1998. J. Hydrol. 2002, 262:177-192.
    • (2002) J. Hydrol. , vol.262 , pp. 177-192
    • Fowler, H.J.1    Kilsby, C.G.2
  • 13
    • 77949617914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The exceptional rainfall episode registered in Lisbon in 18 February 2008
    • Fragoso M., Trigo R.M., Zêzere L., Valente M.A. The exceptional rainfall episode registered in Lisbon in 18 February 2008. Weather 2010, 65:31-35.
    • (2010) Weather , vol.65 , pp. 31-35
    • Fragoso, M.1    Trigo, R.M.2    Zêzere, L.3    Valente, M.A.4
  • 15
    • 2242421300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local and Regional Responses to Global Climate Change in South-east Spain. Chapter 18
    • John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (R), N.A. Geeson, C.J. Brandt, J.B. Thornes (Eds.)
    • Goodess C.M., Palutikof J.P. Local and Regional Responses to Global Climate Change in South-east Spain. Chapter 18. Mediterranean Desertification: A Mosaic of Processes and Responses 2002, 247-268. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (R). N.A. Geeson, C.J. Brandt, J.B. Thornes (Eds.).
    • (2002) Mediterranean Desertification: A Mosaic of Processes and Responses , pp. 247-268
    • Goodess, C.M.1    Palutikof, J.P.2
  • 16
    • 79957953508 scopus 로고
    • Katalog der Großwetterlagen Europas (Catalog of the European Large Scale Weather Types). Ber. Dt. Wetterd
    • Hess P., Brezowsky H. Katalog der Großwetterlagen Europas (Catalog of the European Large Scale Weather Types). Ber. Dt. Wetterd. der US-Zone 33, Bad Kissingen, Germany (in German) 1952.
    • (1952) der US-Zone 33, Bad Kissingen, Germany (in German)
    • Hess, P.1    Brezowsky, H.2
  • 18
    • 28144451537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deaths, injuries, and damages from lightning in the United States in the 1890s in comparison with the 1990s
    • Holle R.L., López R.E., Navarro B.C. Deaths, injuries, and damages from lightning in the United States in the 1890s in comparison with the 1990s. J. Appl. Meteorol. 2005, 44:1563-1573. 10.1175/JAM2287.1.
    • (2005) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.44 , pp. 1563-1573
    • Holle, R.L.1    López, R.E.2    Navarro, B.C.3
  • 19
    • 0042521550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A lightning climatology for Europe and UK 1990-99
    • Holt M.A., Hardaker P.J., McLelland G.P. A lightning climatology for Europe and UK 1990-99. Weather 2001, 56:290-296.
    • (2001) Weather , vol.56 , pp. 290-296
    • Holt, M.A.1    Hardaker, P.J.2    McLelland, G.P.3
  • 20
    • 0035090799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disaggregating climatic trends by classification of circulation patterns
    • Huth R. Disaggregating climatic trends by classification of circulation patterns. Int. J. Climatol. 2001, 21:135-153.
    • (2001) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.21 , pp. 135-153
    • Huth, R.1
  • 21
    • 57249105495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classifications of atmospheric circulation patterns: recent advances and applications. in Trends and Directions in Climate Research
    • Huth R., Beck C., Philipp A., Demuzere M., Ustrnul Z., Cahynova M., Kysely J., Tveito O.E. Classifications of atmospheric circulation patterns: recent advances and applications. in Trends and Directions in Climate Research. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 2008, 1146:105-152. 10.1196/annals.1446.019.
    • (2008) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.1146 , pp. 105-152
    • Huth, R.1    Beck, C.2    Philipp, A.3    Demuzere, M.4    Ustrnul, Z.5    Cahynova, M.6    Kysely, J.7    Tveito, O.E.8
  • 22
    • 77954953995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preface of special issue: classifications of atmospheric circulation patterns-theory and applications
    • Huth R., Beck C., Tveito O.E. Preface of special issue: classifications of atmospheric circulation patterns-theory and applications. Phys. Chem. Earth 2010, 35:307-308.
    • (2010) Phys. Chem. Earth , vol.35 , pp. 307-308
    • Huth, R.1    Beck, C.2    Tveito, O.E.3
  • 23
    • 33846059487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An objective classification method for Hess and Brezowsky Grosswetterlagen over Europe
    • James P.M. An objective classification method for Hess and Brezowsky Grosswetterlagen over Europe. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 2007, 88:17-42.
    • (2007) Theor. Appl. Climatol. , vol.88 , pp. 17-42
    • James, P.M.1
  • 25
    • 28044464275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the performance characteristics of the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network in Florida using rocket-triggered lightning
    • Jerauld J., Rakov V.A., Uman M.A., Rambo K.J., Jordan D.M., Cummins K.L., Cramer J.A. An evaluation of the performance characteristics of the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network in Florida using rocket-triggered lightning. J. Geophys. Res. 2005, 110:D19106. 10.1029/2005JD005924.
    • (2005) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.110
    • Jerauld, J.1    Rakov, V.A.2    Uman, M.A.3    Rambo, K.J.4    Jordan, D.M.5    Cummins, K.L.6    Cramer, J.A.7
  • 26
    • 72149103923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of the circulation on surface temperature and precipitation patterns over Europe
    • Jones P.D., Lister D.H. The influence of the circulation on surface temperature and precipitation patterns over Europe. Climatol. Past 2009, 5:259-267. 10.5194/cp-5-259-2009.
    • (2009) Climatol. Past , vol.5 , pp. 259-267
    • Jones, P.D.1    Lister, D.H.2
  • 27
    • 0027843705 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of Lamb circulation types with an objective classification scheme
    • Jones P.D., Hulme M., Briffa K.R. A comparison of Lamb circulation types with an objective classification scheme. Int. J. Climatol. 1993, 13:655-663. 10.1002/joc.3370130606.
    • (1993) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.13 , pp. 655-663
    • Jones, P.D.1    Hulme, M.2    Briffa, K.R.3
  • 28
    • 0029768948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project
    • Kalnay E., et al. The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 1996, 77(3):437-471.
    • (1996) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.77 , Issue.3 , pp. 437-471
    • Kalnay, E.1
  • 30
    • 0009476943 scopus 로고
    • Objective classification of daily 500 mbar patterns
    • Preprints Sixth Conference on Probability and Statistics in Atmospheric Sciences, Banff, Alberta
    • Kruizinga S. Objective classification of daily 500 mbar patterns. American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA 1979, 126-129.
    • (1979) American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA , pp. 126-129
    • Kruizinga, S.1
  • 31
    • 42649093781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the persistence of circulation patterns on warm and cold temperature anomalies in Europe: analysis over the 20th century
    • Kyselỳ J. Influence of the persistence of circulation patterns on warm and cold temperature anomalies in Europe: analysis over the 20th century. Glob. Planet. Change 2008, 62:147-163.
    • (2008) Glob. Planet. Change , vol.62 , pp. 147-163
    • Kyselỳ, J.1
  • 32
    • 0035458481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting days of high allergenic risk Turing Betula pollination using weather types
    • Laaidi K. Predicting days of high allergenic risk Turing Betula pollination using weather types. Int. J. Biometeorol. 2001, 45(3):24-132.
    • (2001) Int. J. Biometeorol. , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 24-132
    • Laaidi, K.1
  • 33
    • 34548616347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local time variation in land/ocean lightning flash density as measured by the World Wide Lightning Location Network
    • Lay E.H., Jacobson A.R., Holzworth R.H., Rodger C.J., Dowden R.L. Local time variation in land/ocean lightning flash density as measured by the World Wide Lightning Location Network. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:D13111. 10.1029/2006JD007944.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112
    • Lay, E.H.1    Jacobson, A.R.2    Holzworth, R.H.3    Rodger, C.J.4    Dowden, R.L.5
  • 34
    • 0036464956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warm season lightning distributions over the Florida Peninsula as related to synoptic patterns
    • Lericos T.P., Fuelberg H.E., Watson A.I., Holle R.L. Warm season lightning distributions over the Florida Peninsula as related to synoptic patterns. Weather Forecast. 2002, 17:83-98.
    • (2002) Weather Forecast. , vol.17 , pp. 83-98
    • Lericos, T.P.1    Fuelberg, H.E.2    Watson, A.I.3    Holle, R.L.4
  • 35
    • 53149123290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Links between circulation weather types and teleconnection patterns and their influence on precipitation patterns in Galicia (NW Spain)
    • Lorenzo M.N., Taboada J.J., Gimeno L. Links between circulation weather types and teleconnection patterns and their influence on precipitation patterns in Galicia (NW Spain). Int. J. Climatol. 2008, 28(11):1493-1505. 10.1002/joc.1646.
    • (2008) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.28 , Issue.11 , pp. 1493-1505
    • Lorenzo, M.N.1    Taboada, J.J.2    Gimeno, L.3
  • 36
    • 79251620230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in present and future circulation types frequency in northwest Iberian Peninsula
    • Lorenzo M.N., Ramos A.M., Taboada J.J., Gimeno L. Changes in present and future circulation types frequency in northwest Iberian Peninsula. PLoS ONE 2011, 6(1):e16201. 10.1371/journal.pone.0016201.
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.6 , Issue.1
    • Lorenzo, M.N.1    Ramos, A.M.2    Taboada, J.J.3    Gimeno, L.4
  • 37
    • 1342310469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North Atlantic teleconnection patterns of low-frequency variability and their links with springtime precipitation in the western Mediterranean
    • Martín M.L., Luna M.Y., Morata A., Valero F. North Atlantic teleconnection patterns of low-frequency variability and their links with springtime precipitation in the western Mediterranean. International Journal of Climatology 2004, 24:213-230.
    • (2004) International Journal of Climatology , vol.24 , pp. 213-230
    • Martín, M.L.1    Luna, M.Y.2    Morata, A.3    Valero, F.4
  • 39
    • 77649237357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of lightning-related damage and disruption in Canada
    • Mills B., Unrau D., Pentelow L., Spring K. Assessment of lightning-related damage and disruption in Canada. Nat. Hazard. 2010, 52:481-499.
    • (2010) Nat. Hazard. , vol.52 , pp. 481-499
    • Mills, B.1    Unrau, D.2    Pentelow, L.3    Spring, K.4
  • 40
    • 77649232882 scopus 로고
    • Reducing lightning damages and outages
    • Mitsche J. Reducing lightning damages and outages. IEEE Power Eng. Rev. 1989, 9(3):3-4.
    • (1989) IEEE Power Eng. Rev. , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 3-4
    • Mitsche, J.1
  • 42
    • 34248678428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the precipitation and cloudiness associated with COLs occurrence in the Iberian Peninsula
    • Nieto R., Gimeno L., Añel J.A., et al. Analysis of the precipitation and cloudiness associated with COLs occurrence in the Iberian Peninsula. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 2007, 96:103-119.
    • (2007) Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. , vol.96 , pp. 103-119
    • Nieto, R.1    Gimeno, L.2    Añel, J.A.3
  • 43
    • 79955675240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatology of lightning in the Czech Republic
    • Novák P., Kyznarová H. Climatology of lightning in the Czech Republic. Atmos. Res 2010, 10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.08.022.
    • (2010) Atmos. Res
    • Novák, P.1    Kyznarová, H.2
  • 45
    • 33645550641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding precipitation changes in Iberia in early spring: weather typing and storm-tracking approaches
    • Paredes D., Trigo R.M., Garcia-Herrera R., Trigo I.F. Understanding precipitation changes in Iberia in early spring: weather typing and storm-tracking approaches. J. Hydrometeorol. 2006, 7:101-113.
    • (2006) J. Hydrometeorol. , vol.7 , pp. 101-113
    • Paredes, D.1    Trigo, R.M.2    Garcia-Herrera, R.3    Trigo, I.F.4
  • 46
    • 84905343374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the relationships between cloud-to-ground lightning and convective rainfall
    • Petersen W.A., Rutledge S.A. On the relationships between cloud-to-ground lightning and convective rainfall. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103:19,777-19,790.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 19777-19790
    • Petersen, W.A.1    Rutledge, S.A.2
  • 47
    • 34249996085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term variability of daily North Atlantic-European pressure patterns since 1850 classified by simulated annealing clustering
    • Philipp A., Della-Marta P.M., Jacobeit J., Fereday D.R., Jones P.D., Moberg A., Wanner H. Long term variability of daily North Atlantic-European pressure patterns since 1850 classified by simulated annealing clustering. J. Climate 2007, 20:4065-4095.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 4065-4095
    • Philipp, A.1    Della-Marta, P.M.2    Jacobeit, J.3    Fereday, D.R.4    Jones, P.D.5    Moberg, A.6    Wanner, H.7
  • 49
    • 77954954055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulation types related to lightning activity over Catalonia and the Principality of Andorra
    • Pineda N., Esteban P., Trapero L., Soler X., Beck C. Circulation types related to lightning activity over Catalonia and the Principality of Andorra. Phys. Chem. Earth 2010, 35:469-476.
    • (2010) Phys. Chem. Earth , vol.35 , pp. 469-476
    • Pineda, N.1    Esteban, P.2    Trapero, L.3    Soler, X.4    Beck, C.5
  • 50
    • 0038221321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns of lightning-caused forest fires in Ontario, 1976-1998
    • Podur J., Martell D.L., Csillag F. Spatial patterns of lightning-caused forest fires in Ontario, 1976-1998. Ecol. Model. 2003, 164:1-20.
    • (2003) Ecol. Model. , vol.164 , pp. 1-20
    • Podur, J.1    Martell, D.L.2    Csillag, F.3
  • 51
    • 84861079189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compatibility between modes of low-frequency variability and circulation types: a case study of the northwest Iberian Peninsula
    • Ramos A.M., Lorenzo M.N., Gimeno L. Compatibility between modes of low-frequency variability and circulation types: a case study of the northwest Iberian Peninsula. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:D02113. 10.1029/2009JD012194.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Ramos, A.M.1    Lorenzo, M.N.2    Gimeno, L.3
  • 52
    • 0037389845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of convective precipitation in the western Mediterranean Sea through the use of cloud-to-ground lightning
    • Rivas Soriano L., de Pablo F. Analysis of convective precipitation in the western Mediterranean Sea through the use of cloud-to-ground lightning. Atmos. Res. 2003, 66:189-202.
    • (2003) Atmos. Res. , vol.66 , pp. 189-202
    • Rivas Soriano, L.1    de Pablo, F.2
  • 53
    • 28444466240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten-year study of cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the Iberian Peninsula
    • Rivas Soriano L., de Pablo F., Tomas C. Ten-year study of cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the Iberian Peninsula. J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys. 2005, 67:1632-1639.
    • (2005) J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys. , vol.67 , pp. 1632-1639
    • Rivas Soriano, L.1    de Pablo, F.2    Tomas, C.3
  • 55
    • 17044458412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud-to-ground lightning characteristics over Houston, TX: 1989-2000
    • D
    • Steiger S.M., Orville R.E. Cloud-to-ground lightning characteristics over Houston, TX: 1989-2000. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107(D11):4117.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , Issue.11 , pp. 4117
    • Steiger, S.M.1    Orville, R.E.2
  • 56
    • 1142306043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulation weather types and cloud-to-ground flash density over the Iberian Peninsula
    • Tomás C., de Pablo F., Rivas Soriano L. Circulation weather types and cloud-to-ground flash density over the Iberian Peninsula. Int. J. Climatol. 2004, 24:109-123. 10.1002/joc.917.
    • (2004) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.24 , pp. 109-123
    • Tomás, C.1    de Pablo, F.2    Rivas Soriano, L.3
  • 57
    • 32444438149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatology and interannual variability of storm-tracks in the Euro-Atlantic sector: a comparison between ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses
    • Trigo I.F. Climatology and interannual variability of storm-tracks in the Euro-Atlantic sector: a comparison between ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses. Climate Dyn. 2006, 26:127-143.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn. , vol.26 , pp. 127-143
    • Trigo, I.F.1
  • 58
    • 0033668633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulation weather types and their influence on the precipitation regime in Portugal
    • Trigo R.M., DaCamara C.C. Circulation weather types and their influence on the precipitation regime in Portugal. Int. J. Climatol. 2000, 20:1559-1581.
    • (2000) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.20 , pp. 1559-1581
    • Trigo, R.M.1    DaCamara, C.C.2
  • 59
    • 67649983044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the autumn Iberian precipitation from long-term datasets: comparison between observed and hindcasted data
    • Valero F., Martín M.L., Sotillo M.G., Morata A., Luna M.Y. Characterization of the autumn Iberian precipitation from long-term datasets: comparison between observed and hindcasted data. Int. J. Climatol. 2009, 29:527-541.
    • (2009) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.29 , pp. 527-541
    • Valero, F.1    Martín, M.L.2    Sotillo, M.G.3    Morata, A.4    Luna, M.Y.5
  • 60
    • 0032394074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of lightning- and people-caused fires in Peninsular Spain
    • Vasquez A., Moreno J.M. Patterns of lightning- and people-caused fires in Peninsular Spain. Int. J. Wildland Fire 1998, 8:103-115.
    • (1998) Int. J. Wildland Fire , vol.8 , pp. 103-115
    • Vasquez, A.1    Moreno, J.M.2
  • 61
    • 0033608203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in measured lightning flash count and return stroke peak current after the 1994 U.S. National Lightning Detection Network upgrade: 1. Observations
    • Wacker R.S., Orville R.E. Changes in measured lightning flash count and return stroke peak current after the 1994 U.S. National Lightning Detection Network upgrade: 1. Observations. J. Geophys. Res. 1999, 104:2151-2158.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 2151-2158
    • Wacker, R.S.1    Orville, R.E.2
  • 63
    • 23144459831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic conditions favorable to superlative thunderstorm updraft, mixed phase microphysics and lightning flash rate
    • Williams E.R., Mushtak V.C., Rosenfeld D., Goodman S.J., Boccippio D.J. Thermodynamic conditions favorable to superlative thunderstorm updraft, mixed phase microphysics and lightning flash rate. Atmos. Res. 2005, 76:288-306.
    • (2005) Atmos. Res. , vol.76 , pp. 288-306
    • Williams, E.R.1    Mushtak, V.C.2    Rosenfeld, D.3    Goodman, S.J.4    Boccippio, D.J.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.