Equisetum thermale sp. nov. (equisetales) from the Jurassic San Agustín hot spring deposit, patagonia: Anatomy, paleoecology, and inferred paleoecophysiology

American Journal of Botany

Volumn 98, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 680-697

  Channing, Alan ^a   Zamuner, Alba ^b   Edwards, Dianne ^a   Guido, Diego ^c  

^a CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS NATURALES Y MUSEO   (Argentina)

^c UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PLATA   (Argentina)

Author keywords

Equisetites; Equisetum; Fossil; Geothermal wetland; Hot spring; Late Jurassic; Paleoecophysiology; Silica

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ANATOMY; CENOZOIC; ECOPHYSIOLOGY; FOSSIL RECORD; JURASSIC; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; MORPHOLOGY; NEW SPECIES; PALEOBOTANY; PALEOECOLOGY; PHYLOGENY; PTERIDOPHYTE; SILICA; THERMAL SPRING;

ARTICLE; CLASSIFICATION; EQUISETUM; EVOLUTION; FOSSIL; GENETICS; HISTOLOGY; PHENOTYPE; PHYLOGENY; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; SOUTH AMERICA; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; THERMAL SPRING;

BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; EQUISETUM; FOSSILS; HOT SPRINGS; PHENOTYPE; PHYLOGENY; SOUTH AMERICA; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL;

PATAGONIA;

EQUISETALES; EQUISETITES; EQUISETUM; EQUISETUM BOGOTENSE;

EID: 79957605961     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1000211     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Adams, A. B., V. H. Dale, E. P. Smith, and A. R. Kruckeberg. 1987. Plants survival, growth form and regeneration following the 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. Northwest Science 61: 160-170.
2. Allen, P. 1941. A Wealden soil-bed with Equisetites lyellii (Mantell). Proceedings of the Geologists ' Association 52: 362-374.
3. Bardgett, R. D., and L. R. Walker. 2004. Impact of coloniser plant species on the development of decomposer microbial communities following deglaciation. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 36: 555-559.
4. Barghigiani, C., B. Z. Siegel, R. Bargagli, and S. M. Siegel. 1989. The contribution of mercury from thermal springs to contamination of Mt. Amiata. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 43: 169-175.
5. Baron, R. 1889. Notes on the geology of Madagascar: With an appendix on the fossils, by R. B. Newton, Esq., F.G.S. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 45: 305-331.
6. Boggs, K. 2000. Classification of community types, successional sequences, and landscapes of the Copper River Delta, Alaska. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-469. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, Oregon, USA.
7. Brooks, R. R. 1979. Indicator plants for mineral prospecting-A critique. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 12: 67-78.
8. Brooks, R. R., J. Holzbecher, and D. E. Ryan. 1981. Horsetails (Equisetum) as indirect indicators of gold mineralization. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 16: 21-26.
9. Brown, J. T. 1975. Equisetum clarnoi, a new species based on petrifactions from the Eocene of Oregon. American Journal of Botany 62: 410-415.
10. Brown, R. E., A. C. Scott., and T. P. Jones. 1994. Taphonomy of fossil plants from the Viséan of East Kirkton, West Lothian, Scotland. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences 84: 249-260.
11. Chang, P., J.-Y. Kim, and K.-W. Kim. 2005. Concentrations of arsenic and heavy metals in vegetation at two abandoned mine tailings in South Korea. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 27: 109-119.
12. Channing, A., and D. Edwards. 2004. Experimental taphonomy: Silicification of plants in Yellowstone hot spring environments. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences 94: 503-521.
13. Channing, A., and D. Edwards. 2009a. Silicification of higher plants in geothermally influenced wetlands: Yellowstone as a Lower Devonian Rhynie analog. Palaios 24: 505-521.
14. Channing, A., and D. Edwards. 2009b. Yellowstone hot spring environments and the palaeoecophysiology of Rhynie chert plants: Towards a synthesis. Plant Ecology and Diversity 2: 111-143.
15. Channing, A., D. Edwards, and S. Sturtevant. 2004. A geothermally influenced wetland containing unconsolidated geochemical sediments. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 41: 809-827.
16. Channing, A., A. B. Zamuner, and A. Zu ñ iga. 2007. A new Middle-Late Jurassic flora and hot spring chert deposit from the Deseado Massif, Santa Cruz province, Argentina. Geological Magazine 144: 401-411.
17. Cornara, L., E. Roccotiello, V. Minganti, G. Drava, R. De Pellegrini, and M. G. Mariotti. 2007. Level of trace elements in Pteridophytes growing on serpentine and metalliferous soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 170: 781-787.
18. Currie, H. A., and C. C. Perry. 2009. Chemical evidence for intrinsic ' Si ' within Equisetum cell walls. Phytochemistry 70: 2089-2095.
19. Deng, H., Z. H. Ye, and M. H. Wong. 2004. Accumulation of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium by 12 wetland plant species thriving in metalcontaminated sites in China. Environmental Pollution 132: 29-40.
20. Des Marais, D. L., A. R. Smith, D. M. Britton, and K. M. Pryer. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of extant horsetails, Equisetum, based on chloroplast DNA sequence data (rbcL and trnL-F). International Journal of Plant Sciences 164: 737-751.
21. Duckett, J. G. 1970. Spore size in the genus Equisetum. New Phytologist 69: 334-346.
22. Epstein, E. 1994. The anomaly of silicon in plant biology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 91: 11-17.
23. Epstein, E. 1999. Silicon. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 50: 641-644.
24. Falaschi, P., A. Zamuner, and N. Foix. 2009. Una nueva Equisetaceae fértil de la Formación La Matilde, Jurásico Medio, Argentina. Ameghiniana 46: 263-272.
25. Funk, D. W., L. E. Noel, and A. H. Freedman. 2004. Environmental gradients, plant distribution, and species richness in arctic salt marsh near Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. Wetlands Ecology and Management 12: 215-233.
26. Geertsema, M., and J. J. Pojar. 2007. Influence of landslides on biophysical diversity-A perspective from British Columbia. Geomorphology 89: 55-69.
27. Gierlinger, N., L. Sapei, and O. Paris. 2008. Insights into the chemical composition of Equisetum hyemale by high resolution Raman imaging. Planta 227: 969-980.
28. Gómez, L. D. 1978. Preliminary note on a fossil Equisetum from Costa Rica. Fern Gazette 11: 401-404.
29. Gould, R. E. 1968. Morphology of Equisetum laterale Phillips, 1829, and E. bryanii sp. nov. from the Mesozoic of south-eastern Queensland. Australian Journal of Botany, 16, 153-176.
30. Guido, D. M., and K. A. Campbell. 2009. Jurassic hot-spring activity in a fluvial setting at La Marciana, Patagonia, Argentina. Geological Magazine 146: 617-622.
31. Guido, D. M., A. Channing, K. Campbell, and A. Zamuner. 2010. Jurassic geothermal landscapes and ecosystems at San Agust í n, Patagonia, Argentina. Journal of the Geological Society 167: 11-20.
32. Guillon, J.-M. 2004. Phylogeny of horsetails (Equisetum) based on the chloroplast rps4 gene and adjacent noncoding sequences. Systematic Botany 29: 251-259.
33. Guillon, J.-M. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of horsetails (Equisetum) including chloroplast atpB sequences. Journal of Plant Research 120: 569-574.
34. Hájek, M., M. Horsák, P. Hájkov á, and D. D í t Ě. 2006. Habitat diversity of central European fens in relation to environmental gradients and an effort to standardise fen terminology in ecological studies. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 8:97-114.
35. Hauke, R. L. 1957. The stomatal apparatus of Equisetum. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 84: 178-181.
36. Hauke, R. L. 1963. A taxonomic monograph of the genus Equisetum subgenus Hippochaete. Nova Hedwigia 8: 1-123.
37. Hauke, R. L. 1978. A taxonomic monograph of Equisetum subgenus Equisetum. Nova Hedwigia 30: 385-455.
38. Hauke, R. L. 1987. The expanded adaxial epidermis of Equisetum rhizome sheath teeth. American Fern Journal 77: 58-63.
39. Hodson, M. J., P. J. White, A. Mead, and M. R. Broadley. 2005. Phylogenetic variation in the silicon composition of plants. Annals of Botany 96: 1027-1046.
40. Hozhina, E. I., A. A. Khramov, P. A. Gerasimov, and A. A. Kumarkov. 2001. Uptake of heavy metals, arsenic, and antimony by aquatic plants in the vicinity of ore mining and processing industries. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 74: 153-162.
41. Juday, G. P. 1998. Alaska Research Natural Area 4. Big Windy Hot Springs. Misc. Pub. 98-1, Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. University of Alaska Fairbanks, Forest Sciences Department, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
42. Kaufman, P. B., W. C. Bigelow, R. Schmid, and N. S. Ghosheh. 1971. Electron microprobe analysis of silica in epidermal cells of Equisetum. American Journal of Botany 58: 309-316.
43. Kaufman, P. B., J. D. Lacroix, P. Dayanand, L. F. Allard, J. J. Rosen, and W. C. Bigelow. 1973. Silicification of developing internodes in perennial scouring rush (Equisetum hyemale var. affine). Developmental Biology 31: 124-135.
44. Kenrick, P., and P. R. Crane. 1997. The origin and early diversifi-cation of land plants. A cladistic study. Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
45. Korndörfer, G. H., L. E. Datnoff, and G. F. Corrê a. 1999. Influence of silicon on grain discoloration of upland rice grown on four savanna soils from Brazil. Journal of Plant Nutrition 22: 93-102.
46. Liang, Y., W. Sun, Y.-G. Zhu, and P. Christie. 2007. Mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants: A review. Environmental Pollution 147: 422-428.
47. Mäkelä, S., E. Huitu, and L. Arvola. 2004. Spatial patterns in aquatic vegetation composition and environmental covariates along chains of lakes in the Kokemäenjoki watershed (S. Finland). Aquatic Botany 80: 253-269.
48. Matoh, T., P. Kairusmee, and E. Takahashi. 1986. Salt-induced damage to rice plants and alleviation effect of silicate. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 32: 295-304.
49. Mayes, W. M., A. R. G. Large, and P. L. Younger. 2005. The impact of pumped water from a de-watered Magnesian limestone quarry on an adjacent wetland: Thrislington, County Durham, UK. Environmental Pollution 138: 443-454.
50. McFarland, J. W., R. W. Ruess, K. Kielland, and A. P. Doyle. 2002. Cycling dynamics of NH4 and amino acid nitrogen in soils of a deciduous boreal forest ecosystem. Ecosystems (New York, N.Y.) 5: 775-788.
51. Milner, A. M., C. L. Fastie, F. S. Chapin, D. R. Engstrom, and L. C. Sharman. 2007. Interactions and linkages among ecosystems during landscape evolution. Bioscience 57: 237-247.
52. Mir, K. A., A. Rutter, I. Koch, P. Smith, K. J. Reimer, and J. S. Poland. 2007. Extraction and speciation of arsenic in plants grown on arsenic contaminated soils. Talanta 72: 1507-1518.
53. Moseley, R. K. 1995. The ecology of geothermal springs in south-central Idaho [unpublished report on file]. Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Conservation Data Center, Boise, Idaho, USA.
54. Neumann, D., and C. De Figueiredo. 2002. A novel mechanism of silicon uptake. Protoplasma 220: 59-67.
55. Neumann, D., and U. zur Nieden. 2001. Silicon and heavy metal tolerance of higher plants. Phytochemistry 56: 685-692.
56. Osborn, J. M., C. J. Phipps, T. N. Taylor, and E. L. Taylor. 2000. Structurally preserved sphenophytes from the Triassic of Antarctica: Reproductive remains of Spaciinodum. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 111: 225-235.
57. Osborn, J. M., and T. N. Taylor. 1989. Structurally preserved sphenophytes from the Triassic of Antarctica: Vegetative remains of Spaciinodum, gen. nov. American Journal of Botany 76: 1594-1601.
58. Page, C. N. 1972. An assessment of inter-specific relationships in Equisetum subgenus Equisetum. New Phytologist 71: 355-369.
59. Page, C. N. 1997. The Ferns of Britain and Ireland, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
60. Pant, D. D., and P. F. Kidwai. 1968. Development of stomata in Equisetum. Annals of Botany 32: 601-608.
61. Pryer, K. M., H. Schneider, A. R. Smith, R. P. Cranfill, G. Wolf, J. S. Hunt, and S. D. Sipes. 2001. Horsetails and ferns are a monophyletic group and the closest living relatives to seed plants. Nature 409: 618-621.
62. Pryer, K. M., E. Schuettpelz, P. G. Wolf, H. Schneider, A. R. Smith, and R. Cranfill. 2004. Phylogeny and evolution of ferns (molinophytes) with a focus on the early leptosporangiate divergences. American Journal of Botany 91: 1582-1598.
63. Purdy, B. G., S. E. Macdonald, and V. J. Lieffers. 2005. Naturally saline boreal communities as models for reclamation of saline oil sand tailings. Restoration Ecology 13: 667-677.
64. Rothwell, G. W. 1999. Fossils and ferns in the resolution of land plant phylogeny. Botanical Review 65: 188-218.
65. Ryberg, P. E., E. J. Hermsen, E. L. Taylor, T. N. Taylor, and J. M. Osborn. 2008. Development and ecological implications of dormant buds in the high-Paleolatitude Triassic sphenophyte Spaciinodum (Equisetaceae). American Journal of Botany 95: 1443-1453.
66. Sakamaki, Y., and Y. Ino. 2006. Tubers and rhizome fragments as propagules: Competence for vegetative reproduction in Equisetum arvense. Journal of Plant Research 119: 677-683.
67. Saqib, M., C. Zörb, and S. Schubert. 2008. Silicon-mediated improvement in the salt resistance of wheat (Triticum aestivum) results from increased sodium exclusion and resistance to oxidative stress. Functional Plant Biology 35: 633-639.
68. Sarvala, J., T. Kairesalo, I. Koskimies, A. Lehtovaara, J. Ruuhijarvi, and I. Vaha-Piikkio. 1982. Carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen budgets of the littoral Equisetum belt in an oligotrophic lake. Hydrobiologia 86: 41-53.
69. Schalamuk, I., M. Zubia, A. Genini, and R. R. Fernández. 1997. Jurassic epithermal Au-Ag deposits of Patagonia, Argentina. Ore Geology Reviews 12: 173-186.
70. Siegel, B. Z., and S. M. Siegel. 1982. Mercury content of Equisetum plants around Mount St. Helens one year after the major eruption. Science 216: 292-293.
71. Siegel, S. M., B. Z. Siegel, C. Lipp, A. Kruckeberg, G. H. N. Towers, and H. Warren. 1985. Indicator plant-soil mercury patterns in a mercury-rich mining area of British Columbia. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 25: 73-85.
72. Stanich, N. A., G. W. Rothwell, and R. A. Stockey. 2009. Phylogenetic diversification of Equisetum (Equisetales) as inferred from Lower Cretaceous species of British Columbia, Canada. American Journal of Botany 96: 1289-1299.
73. Stewart, W. N., and G. W. Rothwell. 1993. Paleobotany and the evolution of plants, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
74. Tsuyuzaki, S. 1987. Origin of plants recovering on the volcano Usu, northern Japan, since the eruptions of 1977 and 1978. Vegetatio 73: 53-58.
75. Tsuyuzaki, S. 1997. Wetland development in early stages of volcanic succession. Journal of Vegetation Science 8: 353-360.
76. van der Hagen, H. G. J. M., L. H. W. T. Geelen, and C. N. de Vries. 2008. Dune slack restoration in Dutch mainland coastal dunes. Journal for Nature Conservation 16: 1-11.
77. Villar de Seoane, L. 2005. Equisetites pusillus sp. nov. from the Aptian of Patagonia, Argentina. Revista Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 7: 43-49.
78. Walter, M. R., S. McLoughlin, A. N. Drinnan, and J. D. Farmer. 1998. Palaeontology of Devonian thermal spring deposits, Drummond Basin, Australia. Alcheringa 22: 285-314.
79. Wang, L., Q. Nie, M. Li, F. Zhang, J. Zhuang, W. Yang, T. Li, and Y. Wang. 2005. Biosilicified structures for cooling plant leaves: A mechanism of highly efficient midinfrared thermal emission. Applied Physics Letters 87: 194105.
80. Watson, J. 1983. Two Wealden species of Equisetum found in situ. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 28: 265-269.
81. Warren, H. V., and R. E. Delavault. 1950. Gold and silver content of some trees and horsetails in British Columbia. Geological Society of America Bulletin 61: 123-128.
82. Watson, J., and D. Batten. 1990. A revision of England Wealdian flora, II. Bull. British Museum of Natural History (Geol.) 46: 37-60.
83. Williams, W. D. 1991. Chinese and Mongolian saline lakes: A limnological overview. Hydrobiologia 210: 39-66.