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Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 710-716

Noncryogenic preparation of functionalized arylboronic esters through a magnesium-iodine exchange with in situ quench

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHLORINE COMPOUNDS; ESTERS; GLYCOLS; IODINE; LITHIUM COMPOUNDS; MAGNESIUM; MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS; REACTION INTERMEDIATES;

EID: 79957512852     PISSN: 10836160     EISSN: 1520586X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/op2000089     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (27)

References (58)
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    • Molander, G. A.; Trice, S. L. J.; Dreher, S. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 17701-17703 Nevertheless, applicability on a large scale remains hampered by the access to the tetraoxydiboron reagents themselves: Ishiyama, T.; Murata, M.; Ahiko, T.-a.; Miyaura, N. Organic Syntheses; Wiley & Sons: New York, 2004; Collect. Vol. 10, pp 115 - 119.
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    • Aryl Grignard reagent:; Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, 3964-3972 For a 1.5-mol scale synthesis of an arylboronic acid via an organomagnesium species, see: Org. Process Res. Dev. 2000, 4, 153-155
    • Clapham, K. M.; Batsanov, A. S.; Bryce, M. R.; Tarbit, B. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2009, 7, 2155-2161 Aryl Grignard reagent: Gerbino, D. C.; Mandolesi, S. D.; Schmalz, H.-G.; Podestá, J. C. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, 3964-3972 For a 1.5-mol scale synthesis of an arylboronic acid via an organomagnesium species, see: Cladingboel, D. E. Org. Process Res. Dev. 2000, 4, 153-155
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    • Clapham, K.M.1    Batsanov, A.S.2    Bryce, M.R.3    Tarbit, B.4    Gerbino, D.C.5    Mandolesi, S.D.6    Schmalz, H.-G.7    Podestá, J.C.8    Cladingboel, D.E.9
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    • Method for producing 2-formylfuran-4-boronic acid by the metalation of 4-halofurfural acetals in the presence of suitable boronic acid esters or anhydrides. WO/2006/122683,. The magnesium-bromine exchange between 4-bromofurfural diethyl acetal and isopropylmagnesium bromide is performed in the presence of triisopropyl borate at low temperature (<-60 °C); after deprotection of the acetal, the corresponding arylboronic acid is recovered in 73% yield.; 2005, The "in situ quench" of an aryl Grignard reagent, prepared by magnesium-iodine exchange with phenylmagnesium chloride, with trimethyl borate at low temperature (-60 °C) gave poorer results (<10% yield in boronic acid) than a "sequential quenching" (85% yield).
    • Meudt, A.; Nerdinger, S.; Erbes, M.; Vogt, W. Method for producing 2-formylfuran-4-boronic acid by the metalation of 4-halofurfural acetals in the presence of suitable boronic acid esters or anhydrides. WO/2006/122683, 2006. The magnesium-bromine exchange between 4-bromofurfural diethyl acetal and isopropylmagnesium bromide is performed in the presence of triisopropyl borate at low temperature (<-60 °C); after deprotection of the acetal, the corresponding arylboronic acid is recovered in 73% yield. Collibee, S. E.; Yu, J. Tetrahedron Lett. 2005, 46, 4453-4455 The "in situ quench" of an aryl Grignard reagent, prepared by magnesium-iodine exchange with phenylmagnesium chloride, with trimethyl borate at low temperature (-60 °C) gave poorer results (<10% yield in boronic acid) than a "sequential quenching" (85% yield).
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    • For instance: hexylene glycol 99%, 500 g, Aldrich, 29.80; pinacol 98%, 500 g, Aldrich, 394.60.
    • For instance: hexylene glycol 99%, 500 g, Aldrich, 29.80; pinacol 98%, 500 g, Aldrich, 394.60.
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    • iPr was prepared from triisopropyl borate and hexylene glycol following the procedure for the pinacol derivative described in:; Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1987, 881 - 887.
    • iPr was prepared from triisopropyl borate and hexylene glycol following the procedure for the pinacol derivative described in: Hoffmann, R. W.; Metternich, R.; Lanz, J. W. Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1987, 881 - 887.
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    • iPrMgCl•LiCl (1.4 equiv, 1.3 M in THF, addition rate: 0.2 mL/min).
    • iPrMgCl•LiCl (1.4 equiv, 1.3 M in THF, addition rate: 0.2 mL/min).
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    • iPr, is present in the reaction mixture (as detected by GC analysis) but is easily eliminated under vacuum together with the solvents. Traces of polar boric acid derivatives are removed by filtration over silica gel.
    • iPr, is present in the reaction mixture (as detected by GC analysis) but is easily eliminated under vacuum together with the solvents. Traces of polar boric acid derivatives are removed by filtration over silica gel.
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    • iPr occurred instantaneously in the absence of the aryl iodide.
    • iPr occurred instantaneously in the absence of the aryl iodide.
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    • Regarding the difference in reactivity between ArI and ArBr, see in particular ref 6b and references therein.
    • Regarding the difference in reactivity between ArI and ArBr, see in particular ref 6b and references therein.
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    • For the preparation of the dimagnesium reagent from p -diiodobenzene, see
    • For the preparation of the dimagnesium reagent from p -diiodobenzene, see: Krasovskiy, A.; Straub, F.; Knochel, P. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 159-162
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    • Formation of an aryne from o -halo magnesium species at room temperature, and even at -78 °C, has been hypothesized
    • Formation of an aryne from o -halo magnesium species at room temperature, and even at -78 °C, has been hypothesized: Hart, H.; Harada, K.; Du, C.-J. F. J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 3104-3110
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    • Formation of 2-halo arylmagnesium species via magnesium-iodine exchange before addition of a trialkylborate was performed at low temperature: -78 °C:; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 3133-3135
    • Ghosh, T.; Hart, H. J. Org. Chem 1988, 53, 3555-3558 Formation of 2-halo arylmagnesium species via magnesium-iodine exchange before addition of a trialkylborate was performed at low temperature: -78 °C: Baron, O.; Knochel, P. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 3133-3135
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    • 30 °C:; Chem. Commun. 2006, 2995-2997 The 2-iodophenylmagnesium species is stable for 30 min at -20°C:; Synthesis 2009, 2818-2824
    • Diemer, V.; Leroux, F. R.; Colobert, F.; Eur. J. Org. Chem 2011, 327-340 -30 °C: Huang, H.; Drueckhammer, D. G. Chem. Commun. 2006, 2995-2997 The 2-iodophenylmagnesium species is stable for 30 min at -20°C: Cvengros, J.; Stolz, D.; Togni, A. Synthesis 2009, 2818-2824
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    • Diemer, V.1    Leroux, F.R.2    Colobert, F.3    Huang, H.4    Drueckhammer, D.G.5    Cvengros, J.6    Stolz, D.7    Togni, A.8
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    • The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling was performed according to Buchwald's procedure:;, using 1.5 equiv of boronic ester. Interestingly, 0.3 equiv of unreacted arylboronic ester were recovered after chromatography, indicating that a lower excess could have been used
    • The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling was performed according to Buchwald's procedure: Barder, T. E.; Walker, S. D.; Martinelli, J. R.; Buchwald, S. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4685-4696, using 1.5 equiv of boronic ester. Interestingly, 0.3 equiv of unreacted arylboronic ester were recovered after chromatography, indicating that a lower excess could have been used
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    • Barder, T.E.1    Walker, S.D.2    Martinelli, J.R.3    Buchwald, S.L.4
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    • See in particular refs 6a and 21c.
    • See in particular refs 6a and 21c.
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    • It is worth noting that anisyl halides are among the best substrates for all variants of Pd-catalyzed-borylation (which is fast and high-yielding with electron-rich substrates).
    • It is worth noting that anisyl halides are among the best substrates for all variants of Pd-catalyzed-borylation (which is fast and high-yielding with electron-rich substrates).
  • 56
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    • iPr 1 should be kept so that accidental excess of isopropylmagnesium halide will be trapped by 1.
    • iPr 1 should be kept so that accidental excess of isopropylmagnesium halide will be trapped by 1.


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