Seizures and encephalopathy

Seminars in Neurology

Volumn 31, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 194-201

  LaRoche, Suzette M ^a  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

EEG monitoring; electroencephalogram; encephalopathy; nonconvulsive status epilepticus; Seizure

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE; CORTICOSTEROID; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; STEROID;

ANTICONVULSANT THERAPY; ARTICLE; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; BRAIN TUMOR; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EPILEPTIC DISCHARGE; EPILEPTIC STATE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; IMMUNOMODULATION; INCIDENCE; LIVER FAILURE; METABOLIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; NEUROIMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PARANEOPLASTIC NEUROPATHY; POLYNEUROPATHY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; SARCOIDOSIS; SCORING SYSTEM; SEIZURE; SJOEGREN SYNDROME; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; UREMIA; WEGENER GRANULOMATOSIS;

ANIMALS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ENCEPHALITIS; HUMANS; SEIZURES;

EID: 79956225750     PISSN: 02718235     EISSN: 10989021     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277987     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. DeLorenzo R J., Waterhouse E J., Towne A R. et al. Persistent nonconvulsive status epilepticus after the control of convulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1998 39 8 833-840 (Pubitemid 128721651)
2. Privitera M, Hoffman M, Moore J L., Jester D. EEG detection of nontonic-clonic status epilepticus in patients with altered consciousness. Epilepsy Res 1994 18 2 155-166 (Pubitemid 24219194)
3. Towne A R., Waterhouse E J., Boggs J G. et al. Prevalence of nonconvulsive status epilepticus in comatose patients. Neurology 2000 54 2 340-345 (Pubitemid 30078063)
4. Claassen J, Mayer S A., Kowalski R G., Emerson R G., Hirsch L J. Detection of electrographic seizures with continuous EEG monitoring in critically ill patients. Neurology 2004 62 10 1743-1748 (Pubitemid 38661728)
5. Jordan K G. Neurophysiologic monitoring in the neuroscience intensive care unit. Neurol Clin 1995 13 3 579-626
6. Pandian J D., Cascino G D., So E L., Manno E, Fulgham J R. Digital video-electroencephalographic monitoring in the neurological-neurosurgical intensive care unit: clinical features and outcome. Arch Neurol 2004 61 7 1090-1094 (Pubitemid 38915951)
7. Vespa P. Continuous EEG monitoring for the detection of seizures in traumatic brain injury, infarction, and intracerebral hemorrhage: to detect and protect. J Clin Neurophysiol 2005 22 2 99-106 (Pubitemid 40490401)
8. Claassen J, Jett N, Chum F et al. Electrographic seizures and periodic discharges after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology 2007 69 13 1356-1365 (Pubitemid 47482450)
9. Claassen J, Hirsch L J., Frontera J A. et al. Prognostic significance of continuous EEG monitoring in patients with poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2006 4 2 103-112 (Pubitemid 43793339)
10. Oddo M, Carrera E, Claassen J, Mayer S A., Hirsch L J. Continuous electroencephalography in the medical intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2009 37 6 2051-2056
11. Friedman D, Claassen J, Hirsch L J. Continuous electroencephalogram monitoring in the intensive care unit. Anesth Analg 2009 109 2 506-523
12. Vespa P M., O'Phelan K, Shah M et al. Acute seizures after intracerebral hemorrhage: a factor in progressive midline shift and outcome. Neurology 2003 60 9 1441-1446 (Pubitemid 36554803)
13. Wijdicks E F., Hijdra A, Young G B., Bassetti C L., Wiebe S, Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Practice parameter: prediction of outcome in comatose survivors after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology 2006; 67(2):203-210.
14. Vespa P M., Miller C, McArthur D et al. Nonconvulsive electrographic seizures after traumatic brain injury result in a delayed, prolonged increase in intracranial pressure and metabolic crisis. Crit Care Med 2007 35 12 2830-2836 (Pubitemid 350175782)
15. Vespa P M., McArthur D L., Xu Y et al. Nonconvulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury are associated with hippocampal atrophy. Neurology 2010 75 9 792-798
16. Tyler K L. Herpes simplex virus infections of the central nervous system: encephalitis and meningitis, including Mollaret's. Herpes 2004 11 Suppl 2 57A-64A
17. Van de Beek D, de Gans J, Tunkel A R., Wijdicks E F. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults. N Engl J Med 2006 354 1 44-53 (Pubitemid 43048950)
18. Carrera E, Claassen J, Oddo M, Emerson R G., Mayer S A., Hirsch L J. Continuous electroencephalographic monitoring in critically ill patients with central nervous system infections. Arch Neurol 2008 65 12 1612-1618
19. Bolton C F., Young G B., Zochodne D W. The neurological complications of sepsis. Ann Neurol 1993 33 1 94-100 (Pubitemid 23009915)
20. Gultekin S H., Rosenfeld M R., Voltz R, Eichen J, Posner J B., Dalmau J. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: neurological symptoms, immunological findings and tumour association in 50 patients. Brain 2000 123 Pt 7 1481-1494 (Pubitemid 30420947)
21. Lawn N D., Westmoreland B F., Kiely M J., Lennon V A., Vernino S. Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalographic findings in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. Mayo Clin Proc 2003 78 11 1363-1368 (Pubitemid 37337782)
22. Dalmau J, Gleichman A J., Hughes E G. et al. Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies. Lancet Neurol 2008 7 12 1091-1098
23. McKnight K, Jiang Y, Hart Y et al. Serum antibodies in epilepsy and seizure-associated disorders. Neurology 2005 65 11 1730-1736
24. Vernino S, Geschwind M, Boeve B. Autoimmune encephalopathies. Neurologist 2007 13 3 140-147 (Pubitemid 46743081)
25. Servillo G, Bifulco F, De Robertis E et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in intensive care medicine. Intensive Care Med 2007 33 2 230-236 (Pubitemid 46221227)
26. Niedermeyer E, Freund G, Krumholz A. Subacute encephalopathy with seizures in alcoholics: a clinical-electroencephalographic study. Clin Electroencephalogr 1981 12 3 113-129 (Pubitemid 11006959)
27. Treiman D M., DeGiorgio C, Salisbury S, Wickboldt C. Subtle generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1984 25 653
28. Meador K J., Moser E. Negative seizures. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2000 6 6 731-733
29. DeLorenzo R J., Kirmani B, Deshpande L S. et al. Comparisons of the mortality and clinical presentations of status epilepticus in private practice community and university hospital settings in Richmond, Virginia. Seizure 2009 18 6 405-411
30. Litt B, Wityk R J., Hertz S H. et al. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in the critically ill elderly. Epilepsia 1998 39 11 1194-1202 (Pubitemid 28516032)
31. Niedermeyer E, Khalifeh R. Petit mal status (spike-wave stupor). An electro-clinical appraisal. Epilepsia 1965 6 3 250-262
32. Andermann F, Robb J P. Absence status. A reappraisal following review of thirty-eight patients. Epilepsia 1972 13 1 177-187
33. Thomas P, Beaumanoir A, Genton P, Dolisi C, Chatel M. De novo absence status of late onset: report of 11 cases. Neurology 1992 42 1 104-110
34. Agathonikou A, Panayiotopoulos C P., Giannakodimos S, Koutroumanidis M. Typical absence status in adults: diagnostic and syndromic considerations. Epilepsia 1998 39 12 1265-1276 (Pubitemid 29005625)
35. Ballenger C E. III, King D W., Gallagher B B. Partial complex status epilepticus. Neurology 1983 33 12 1545-1552 (Pubitemid 14211584)
36. Cockerell O C., Walker M C., Sander J W., Shorvon S D. Complex partial status epilepticus: a recurrent problem. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994 57 7 835-837 (Pubitemid 24214967)
37. Treiman D M., Delgado-Escueta A. Complex partial status epilepticus. In: Delgado-Escueta A Wasterlain C Treiman D M. eds. Status Epilepticus. New York Raven Press 1983 69-81
38. Shneker B F., Fountain N B. Assessment of acute morbidity and mortality in nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Neurology 2003 61 8 1066-1073 (Pubitemid 37461939)
39. Drislane F W. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus: Morbidity and consequences. In: Drislane F W. ed. Status Epilepticus: A Clinical Perspective. Totowa, NJ Humana Press 2005 245-264
40. Young G B., Jordan K G., Doig G S. An assessment of nonconvulsive seizures in the intensive care unit using continuous EEG monitoring: an investigation of variables associated with mortality. Neurology 1996 47 1 83-89 (Pubitemid 26243864)
41. Pohlmann-Eden B, Hoch D B., Cochius J I., Chiappa K H. Periodic lateralized epileptiform dischargesa critical review. J Clin Neurophysiol 1996 13 6 519-530 (Pubitemid 27008811)
42. Handforth A, Cheng J T., Mandelkern M A., Treiman D M. Markedly increased mesiotemporal lobe metabolism in a case with PLEDs: further evidence that PLEDs are a manifestation of partial status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1994 35 4 876-881 (Pubitemid 24278046)
43. Husain A M., Mebust K A., Radtke R A. Generalized periodic epileptiform discharges: etiologies, relationship to status epilepticus, and prognosis. J Clin Neurophysiol 1999 16 1 51-58 (Pubitemid 29096032)
44. Yemisci M, Gurer G, Saygi S, Ciger A. Generalised periodic epileptiform discharges: clinical features, neuroradiological evaluation and prognosis in 37 adult patients. Seizure 2003 12 7 465-472 (Pubitemid 37168634)
45. Bickford R G., Butt H R. Hepatic coma: the electroencephalographic pattern. J Clin Invest 1955 34 6 790-799
46. Kaya D, Bingol C A. Significance of atypical triphasic waves for diagnosing nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsy Behav 2007 11 4 567-577 (Pubitemid 350177385)