"You're my friend today, but not tomorrow": Learning to be friends among young U.S. middle-class children

American Ethnologist

Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 294-306

  Ahn, Junehui ^a  

^a University of Seoul   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Children; Friendship; Peer culture; Socialization; U.S. middle class.

Indexed keywords

EID: 79955486441     PISSN: 00940496     EISSN: 15481425     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1548-1425.2011.01307.x     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Adler, Patricia A., and Peter Adler 1998 Peer Power: Preadolescent Culture and Identity. New Brunswick, NJ Rutgers University Press.
2. Bellah, Robert N., Richard Madsen, William M. Sullivan, Ann Swidler, and Steven M. Tipton 1985 Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life. Berkeley University of California Press.
3. Berentzen, Sigurd 1984 Children Constructing Their Social World: An Analysis of Gender Contrast in Children's Interaction in a Nursery School. Bergen, Norway University Book Store.
4. Best, Raphaela 1983 We've All Got Scars. Bloomington Indiana University Press.
5. Bigelow, Brian J. 1977 Children's Friendship Expectations: A Cognitive Developmental Study. Child Development 48:246-253.
6. Bigelow, Brian J., and John J. LaGaipa 1975 Children's Written Description of Friendship: A Multidimensional Analysis. Developmental Psychology 11:857-875.
7. Bluebond-Langner, Mary, and Jill Korbin 2007 Challenges and Opportunities in the Anthropology of Childhoods. American Anthropologist 109(2):241-246.
8. Bukowski, William M., Betsy Hoza, and Michel Boivin 1994 Measuring Friendship Quality during Pre- and Early Adolescence: The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Friendship Qualities Scale. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 11(3):471-484.
9. Caputo, Virginia 1995 Anthropology's Silent "Others": A Consideration of Some Conceptual and Methodological Issues for the Study of Youth and Children's Cultures. In Youth Cultures: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. Vered Amit-Talai and Helena Wulff, eds. Pp. 19-42. New York Routledge.
10. Connolly, Paul 1998 Racism, Gender Identities and Young Children. London Routledge.
11. Corsaro, William 1985 Friendship and Peer Culture in the Early Years. Norwood, NJ Ablex.
12. Corsaro, William 1994 Discussion, Debate, and Friendship Processes: Peer Discourse in U.S. and Italian Nursery Schools. Sociology of Education 67(1):1-26.
13. Corsaro, William 1997 The Sociology of Childhood. Thousand Oaks, CA Pine Forge Press.
14. Corsaro, William 2003 "We're Friends, Right?": Inside Kids' Culture. Washington, DC Joseph Henry Press.
15. Corsaro, William, and Peggy Miller 1992 Interpretive Approaches to Children's Socialization. San Francisco Jossey-Bass.
16. Corsaro, William, and Katherine Rosier 1992 Documenting Productive-Reproductive Processes in Children's Lives. In Interpretive Approaches to Children's Socialization. William Corsaro and Peggy Miller, eds. Pp. 67-92. San Francisco Jossey-Bass.
17. Damon, William 1977 The Social World of the Child. San Francisco Jossey-Bass.
18. Davies, Bronwyn 1982 Life in the Classroom and Playground: The Accounts of Primary School Children. Boston Routlege and Kegan Paul.
19. Dunn, Judy 2003 Children's Friendships: The Beginnings of Intimacy. Malden, MA Blackwell.
20. Eder, Donna 1995 School Talk: Gender and Adolescent Culture. New Brunswick, NJ Rutgers University Press.
21. Evaldsson, Ann-Carita 2005 Staging Insults and Mobilizing Categorizations in a Multiethnic Peer Group. Discourse and Society 16(6):763-786.
22. Evaldsson, Ann-Carita 2007 Accounting for Friendship: Moral Ordering and Category Membership in Preadolescent Girls' Relational Talk. Research on Language and Social Interaction 41(4):337-404.
23. Fong, Vanessa 2007 Parent-Child Communication Problems and the Perceived Inadequacies of Chinese Only Children. Ethos 35(1):85-127.
24. Furman, Wyndol, and Karen L. Bierman 1984 Children's Conceptions of Friendship: A Multimethod Study of Developmental Changes. Developmental Psychology 20:925-931.
25. Goodwin, Marjorie 1990 He-Said-She-Said: Talk as Social Organization among Black Children. Bloomington Indiana University Press.
26. Goodwin, Marjorie 2006 The Hidden Life of Girls: Games of Stance, Status, and Exclusion. Malden, MA Blackwell.
27. Hartup, Willard 1983 Peer Relations. In Handbook of Child Psychology. E. M. Hetherington, ed. Pp. 103-196. New York Wiley.
28. Hartup, Willard W., and Michael F. Sancilio 1986 Children's Friendships. In Social Behavior in Autism. Eric Schopler and Gary B. Mesibov, eds. Pp. 61-80. New York Plenum.
29. Hirschfeld, Lawrence 2002 Why Don't Anthropologists Like Children? American Anthropologist 104(2):611-627.
30. Howes, Carollee 1983 Patterns of Friendship. Child Development 54(4):1041-1053.
31. Hutchby, Ian, and Jo Moran-Ellis 1998 Introduction. In Children and Social Competence: Arenas of Action. Ian Hutchby and Jo Moran-Ellis, eds. Pp. 1-25. London Falmer Press.
32. James, Allison 1993 Childhood Identities: Self and Social Relationships in the Experience of the Child. Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press.
33. James, Allison 2007 Giving Voice to Children's Voices: Practices and Problems, Pitfalls and Potentials. American Anthropologist 109(2):261-272.
34. James, Allison, Chris Jenks, and Alan Prout 1998 Theorizing Childhood. Cambridge Polity.
35. James, Allison, and Alan Prout 1997 Constructing and Reconstructing Childhood. Washington, DC Falmer Press.
36. Jenks, Chris 1996 Childhood. Oxford Routledge.
37. Kyratzis, Amy 2001 Emotion Talk in Preschool Same-Sex Friendship Groups: Fluidity over Time and Context. Early Education and Development 12:359-392.
38. Kyratzis, Amy 2004 Talk and Interaction among Children and the Co-Construction of Peer Groups and Peer Culture. Annual Review of Anthropology 33:625-649.
39. Kyratzis, Amy, and Jiansheng Guo 2001 Preschool Girls' and Boys' Verbal Conflict Strategies in the U.S. and China: Cross-Cultural and Contextual Considerations. Research on Language and Social Interaction 34:45-74.
40. Kusserow, Adrie 2004 American Individualisms: Child Rearing and Social Class in Three Neighborhoods. New York Palgrave Macmillan.
41. Ladd, Gary W. 1990 Having Friends, Keeping Friends, Making Friends, and Being Liked by Peers in the Classroom: Predictors of Children's Early Social Adjustment? Child Development 61(4):1081-1100.
42. Maynard, Douglas 1985 On the Functions of Social Conflict among Children. American Sociological Review 50(2):207-223.
43. Meek, Barbra A. 2007 Respecting the Language of Elders: Ideological Shift and Linguistic Discontinuity in a Northern Athapascan Community. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 17(1):23-43.
44. Miller, Peggy J. 1986 Teasing as Language Socialization and Verbal Play in a White Working-Class Community. In Language Socialization across Cultures. Bambi B. Schieffelin and Elinor Ochs, eds. Pp. 199-212. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.
45. Miller, Peggy J. 1996 Instantiating Culture through Discourse Practices: Some Personal Reflections on Socialization and How to Study It. In Ethnography and Human Development: Context and Meaning in Social Inquiry. Richard Jessor, Anne Colby, and Richard A. Shweder, eds. Pp. 183-204. Chicago University of Chicago Press.
46. Paley, Vivian 1992 You Can't Say You Can't Play. Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press.
47. Parker, Jeffrey, and John Gottman 1989 Social and Emotional Development in a Relational Context: Friendship Interaction from Early Childhood to Adolescence. In Peer Relationships in Child Development. Thomas J. Brendt and Gary Ladd, eds. Pp. 95-132. New York Wiley.
48. Pontecorvo, Clotilde, Alessandra Fasulo, and Laura Sterponi 2001 Mutual Apprentices: The Making of Parenthood and Childhood in Family Dinner Conversations. Human Development 44:340-361.
49. Reisman, J. M., and S. I. Shorr 1978 Friendship Claims and Expectations among Children and Adults. Child Development 49:913-916.
50. Rizzo, Thomas A. 1989 Friendship Development among Children in School. Norwood, NJ Ablex.
51. Rizzo, Thomas A. 1992 The Role of Conflict in Children's Friendship Development. In Interpretive Approaches to Children's Socialization. William Corsaro and Peggy Miller, eds. Pp. 93-111. San Francisco Jossey-Bass.
52. Rogoff, Barbara 1990 Apprenticeship in Thinking: Cognitive Development in Social Context. New York Oxford University Press.
53. Scott, Kimberly Ann 2002 "You Want to Be a Girl and Not My Friend": African American Girls' Play with and without Boys. Childhood 9:397-414.
54. Selman, Robert 1980 The Growth of Interpersonal Understanding: Developmental and Clinical Analyses. New York Academic Press.
55. Sheldon, Amy 1996 You Can Be the Baby Brother, But You Aren't Born Yet: Preschool Girls' Negotiation for Power and Access in Pretend Play. Research on Language and Social Interaction 29(1):57-80.
56. Singer, Elly, and Jeannette Doornenbal 2006 Learning Morality in Peer Conflict: A Study of Schoolchildren's Narratives about Being Betrayed by a Friend. Childhood 13(2):225-245.
57. Smollar, J., and J. Youniss 1982 Social Development through Friendship. In Peer Relationships and Social Skills in Childhood. Kenneth H. Rubin and Hildy S. Ross, eds. Pp. 279-298. New York Springer Verlag.
58. Thorne, Barrie 1993 Gender Play: Girls and Boys in School. New Brunswick, NJ Rutgers University Press.
59. Tobin, Joseph 1995 The Irony of Self-Expression. American Journal of Education 103(3):233-258.
60. Tobin, Joseph, David Wu, and Dana Davidson 1991 Preschool in Three Cultures: Japan, China, and the United States. New Haven, CT Yale University Press.
61. Troyna, Barry, and Richard Hatcher 1992 Racism in Children's Lives: A Study of Mainly White Primary Schools. London Routledge.
62. Van Ausdale, Debra, and Joe R. Feagin 2001 The First R: How Children Learn Race and Racism. Lanham, MD Rowman and Littlefield.
63. Youniss, James, and J. A. Volpe 1978 A Relational Analysis of Children's Friendship. In New Directions for Child Development: Social Cognition. Harry McGurk, ed. Pp. 203-227. London Methuen.