Chronic supplementation of beta-hydroxy-beta methylbutyrate (HMβ) increases the activity of the GH/IGF-I axis and induces hyperinsulinemia in rats

Growth Hormone and IGF Research

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 57-62

  Gerlinger Romero, F ^a   Guimaraes Ferreira L ^a   Giannocco, G ^a   Nunes, M T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Beta hydroxy beta methylbutyrate; Growth hormone; Insulin; Insulin like growth factor I; Myostatin

Indexed keywords

BETA HYDROXY BETA METHYLBUTYRATE; BUTYRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; GLUCOSE; GROWTH HORMONE; INSULIN; MESSENGER RNA; MYOSTATIN; SOMATOMEDIN C; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CHRONIC DRUG ADMINISTRATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS MUSCLE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HYPERINSULINEMIA; HYPOPHYSIS; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; INSULIN RELEASE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIVER; NONHUMAN; NORTHERN BLOTTING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; RAT; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SKELETAL MUSCLE; SOLEUS MUSCLE; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; WESTERN BLOTTING;

EID: 79955469592     PISSN: 10966374     EISSN: 15322238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2010.12.006     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Mero A. Leucine supplementation and intensive training. Sports Med. 1999, 27:347-358.
2. Hider R.C., Fern E.B., London D.R. Relationship between intracellular amino acids and protein synthesis in the extensor digitorum longus muscle of rats. Biochem. J. 1969, 114:171-178.
3. Nissen S., Sharp R., Ray M., et al. Effect of leucine metabolite beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate on muscle metabolism during resistance-exercise training. J. Appl. Physiol. 1996, 81:2095-2104.
4. Nissen S.L., Abumrad N.N. Nutritional role of the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMβ). J. Nutr. Biochem. 1997, 8:300-311.
5. Soares J.M.C., Póvoas S., Neuparth M.J., Duarte J.A. The effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMβ) on muscle atrophy induced by immobilization. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2001, 33:S140.
6. Tatara M.R. Effect of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMβ) administration on volumetric bone mineral density, and morphometric and mechanical properties of tibia in male turkeys. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl.) 2008, 93:669-677.
7. Tatara M.R. Neonatal programming of skeletal development in sheep is mediated by somatotrophic axis function. Exp. Physiol. 2008, 93:763-772.
8. Tatara M.R., Sliwa E., Krupski W. Prenatal programming of skeletal development in the offspring: effects of maternal treatment with beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMβ) on femur properties in pigs at slaughter age. Bone 2007, 40:1615-1622.
9. Wilson J.M., Kim J.S., Lee S.R., et al. Acute and timing effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMβ) on indirect markers of skeletal muscle damage. Nutr. Metab. (Lond.) 2009, 6:6.
10. Slater G.J., Jenkins D. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMβ) supplementation and the promotion of muscle growth and strength. Sports Med. 2000, 30:105-116.
11. Eley H.L., Russell S.T., Baxter J.H., Mukerji P., Tisdale M.J. Signaling pathways initiated by beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate to attenuate the depression of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle in response to cachectic stimuli. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2007, 293:E923-E931.
12. Holecek M., Muthny T., Kovarik M., Sispera L. Effect of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMβ) on protein metabolism in whole body and in selected tissues. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2009, 47:255-259.
13. Hsieh L.C., Chow C.J., Chang W.C., Liu T.H., Chang C.K. Effect of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate on protein metabolism in bed-ridden elderly receiving tube feeding. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 2010, 19:200-208.
14. Wilson G.J., Wilson J.M., Manninen A.H. Effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMβ) on exercise performance and body composition across varying levels of age, sex, and training experience: a review. Nutr. Metab. (Lond.) 2008, 3:1-17.
15. Smith H.J., Mukerji P., Tisdale M.J. Attenuation of proteasome-induced proteolysis in skeletal muscle by {beta}-hydroxy-{beta}-methylbutyrate in cancer-induced muscle loss. Cancer Res. 2005, 65:277-283.
16. Glass D.J. Molecular mechanisms modulating muscle mass. Trends Mol. Med. 2003, 9:344-350.
17. Franch H.A., Price S.R. Molecular signaling pathways regulating muscle proteolysis during atrophy. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 2005, 8:271-275.
18. Caperuto E.C., Tomatieli R.V., Colquhoun A., Seelaender M.C., Costa Rosa L.F. Beta-hydoxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation affects Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats in a time-dependent manner. Clin. Nutr. 2007, 26:117-122.
19. Papet I., Ostaszewski P., Glomot F., et al. The effect of a high dose of 3-hydroxy-3 methylbutyrate on protein metabolism in growing lambs. Br. J. Nutr. 1997, 77:885-896.
20. Gallagher P.M., Carrithers J.A., Godard M.P., Schulze K.E., Trappe S.W. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate ingestion, Part I: Effects on strength and fat free mass. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2000, 32:2109-2115.
21. de Castro Barbosa T., Poyares L.L., Machado U.F., Nunes M.T. Chronic oral administration of arginine induces GH gene expression and insulin resistance. Life Sci. 2006, 79:1444-1449.
22. de Castro Barbosa T., de Carvalho J.E., Poyares L.L., Bordin S., Machado U.F., Nunes M.T. Potential role of growth hormone in impairment of insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver of rats chronically treated with arginine. Endocrinology 2009, 150:2080-2086.
23. Livak K.J., Schmittgen T.D. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-delta delta C(T)) method. Methods 2001, 25:402-408.
24. Elshal M.F., McCoy J.P. Multiplex bead array assays: performance evaluation and comparison of sensitivity to ELISA. Methods 2006, 38:317-323.
25. Bichell D.P., Kikuchi K., Rotwein P. Growth hormone rapidly activates insulin-like growth factor I gene transcription in vivo. Mol. Endocrinol. 1992, 6:1899-1908.
26. Thomas M.J., Kikuchi K., Bichell D.P., Rotwein P. Rapid activation of rat insulin-like growth factor-I gene transcription by growth hormone reveals no alterations in deoxyribonucleic acid-protein interactions within the major promoter. Endocrinology 1994, 135:1584-1592.
27. Domené H., Krishnamurthi K., Eshet R., et al. Growth hormone (GH) stimulates insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-I-binding protein-3, but not GH receptor gene expression in livers of juvenile rats. Endocrinology 1993, 133:675-682.
28. Bratusch-Marrain P., Waldhäusl W. The influence of amino acids and somatostatin on prolactin and growth hormone release in man. Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh) 1979, 90:403-408.
29. Barreca T., Franceschini R., Messina V., Bottaro P., Rolandi E. Changes in pituitary secretion after administration of branched-chain amino acids to patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1983, 25:763-766.
30. Yakar S., Liu J.L., Stannard B., et al. Normal growth and development in the absence of hepatic insulin-like growth factor I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1999, 96:7324-7329.
31. Lucidi P., Parlanti N., Piccioni F., Santeusanio F., De Feo P. Short-term treatment with low doses of recombinant human GH stimulates lipolysis in visceral obese men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2002, 87:3105-3109.
32. Velloso C.P. Regulation of muscle mass by growth hormone and IGF-I. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2008, 154:557-568.
33. Liu W., Thomas S.G., Asa S.L., Gonzalez-Cadavid N., Bhasin S., Ezzat S. Myostatin is a skeletal muscle target of growth hormone anabolic action. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2003, 88:5490-5496.
34. Oldham J.M., Osepchook C.C., Jeanplong F., et al. The decrease in mature myostatin protein in male skeletal muscle is developmentally regulated by growth hormone. J. Physiol. 2009, 587:669-677.
35. Kornasio R., Riederer I., Butler-Browne G., Mouly V., Uni Z., Halevy O. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMβ) stimulates myogenic cell proliferation, differentiation and survival via the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009, 1793:755-763.
36. Isgaard J., Carlsson L., Isaksson O.G., Jansson J.O. Pulsatile intravenous growth hormone (GH) infusion to hypophysectomized rats increases insulin-like growth factor I messenger ribonucleic acid in skeletal tissues more effectively than continuous GH infusion. Endocrinology 1988, 123:2605-2610.
37. Baxter J.H., Carlos J.L., Thurmond J., Rehani R.N., Bultman J., Frost D. Dietary toxicity of calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyrate (CaHMβ). Food Chem. Toxicol. 2005, 43:1731-1735.
38. Smith T.R., Elmendorf J.S., David T.S., Turinsky J. Growth hormone-induced insulin resistance: role of the insulin receptor, IRS-1, GLUT-1, and GLUT-4. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 1997, 272:E1071-E1079.
39. Cho Y., Ariga M., Uchijima Y., et al. The novel roles of liver for compensation of insulin resistance in human growth hormone transgenic rats. Endocrinology 2006, 147:5374-5384.
40. Zhande R., Mitchell J.J., Wu J., Sun X.J. Molecular mechanism of insulininduced degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2002, 22:1016-1026.
41. Paz K., Hemi R., LeRoith D., Karasik A., Elhanany E., Kanety H., Zick Y. A molecular basis for insulin resistance: elevated serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-2 inhibits their binding to the juxtamembrane region of the insulin receptor and impairs their ability to undergo insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272:29911-29918.
42. Filiputti E., Ferreira F., Souza K.L., Stoppiglia L.F., Arantes V.C., Boschero A.C., Carneiro E.M. Impaired insulin secretion and decreased expression of the nutritionally responsive ribosomal kinase protein S6K-1 in pancreatic islets from malnourished rats. Life Sci. 2008, 82:542-548.