Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of bipolar disorder: A systematic review

Journal of ECT

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 153-164

  Versiani, Marcio ^a   Cheniaux, Elie ^a,b   Landeira Fernandez, J ^c  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO   (Brazil)

^b STATE UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO   (Brazil)

^c ESTÁCIO DE SÁ UNIVERSITY   (Brazil)

Author keywords

bipolar disorder; electroconvulsive therapy; review

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; CHLORPROMAZINE; HALOPERIDOL; LITHIUM; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT;

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASE; BIPOLAR DEPRESSION; BIPOLAR DISORDER; BIPOLAR MANIA; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); COGNITION; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; HUMAN; MAJOR DEPRESSION; PATIENT SAFETY; PROPHYLAXIS; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

BIPOLAR DISORDER; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; HUMANS; SAFETY;

EID: 79955399873     PISSN: 10950680     EISSN: 15334112     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/YCT.0b013e3181e6332e     Document Type: Review

References (74)

1. American Psychiatric Association. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder (revision). Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159(suppl 4):1-50.
2. Goodwin GM, Young AH. The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines for treatment of bipolar disorder: a summary. J Psychopharmacol. 2003;17(suppl 4):3-6. (Pubitemid 38090023)
3. Grunze H, Kasper S, Goodwin G, et al. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for biological treatment of bipolar disorders. Part I: Treatment of bipolar depression. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2002;3:115-124.
4. Grunze H, Kasper S, Goodwin G, et al. The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for the biological treatment of bipolar disorders. Part II: Treatment of mania. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2003;4:5-13.
5. Kusumakar V, Yatham LN, Haslam DR, et al. Treatment of mania, mixed state, and rapid cycling. Can J Psychiatry. 1997;42(suppl 2): 79S-86S.
6. Malhi GS, Mitchell PB, Salim S. Bipolar depression: management options. CNS Drugs. 2003;17:9-25. (Pubitemid 36044346)
7. Sachs GS, Printz DJ, Kahn DA, et al. The expert consensus guideline series: medication treatment of bipolar disorder 2000. Postgrad Med. 2000; Spec. No. 1-104.
8. Suppes T, Rush AJ, Dennehy EB, et al. Texas Medication Algorithm Project, phase 3 (TMAP-3): clinical results for patients with a history of mania. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64:370-382. (Pubitemid 36547278)
9. Zornberg GL, Pope HG. Treatment of depression in bipolar disorder: new directions for research. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1993;13:397-408.
10. MacQueen G, Parkin C, Marriott M, et al. The long-term impact of treatment with electroconvulsive therapy on discrete memory systems in patients with bipolar disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2007;32:241-249. (Pubitemid 47057457)
11. Reisner AD. The electroconvulsive therapy controversy: evidence and ethics. Neuropsychol Rev. 2003;13:199-219. (Pubitemid 39012558)
12. Johnstone EC, Deakin JF, Lawler P, et al. The Northwick Park electroconvulsive therapy trial. Lancet. 1980;2(8208-8209):1317-1320. (Pubitemid 11253165)
13. Eranti S, Mogg A, Pluck G, et al. A randomized, controlled trial with 6-month follow-up of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroconvulsive therapy for severe depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2007;164:73-81. (Pubitemid 46154785)
14. McDonald IM, Perkins M, Marjerrison G, et al. A controlled comparison of amitriptyline and electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depression. Am J Psychiatry. 1966;122:1427-1431.
15. Gangadhar BN, Kapur RL, Kalyanasundaram S. Comparison of electroconvulsive therapy with imipramine in endogenous depression: a double blind study. Br J Psychiatry. 1982;141:367-371. (Pubitemid 12030832)
16. Daly JJ, Prudic J, Devanand DP, et al. ECT in bipolar and unipolar depression: differences in speed of response. Bipolar Disord. 2001;3:95-104. (Pubitemid 32492597)
17. UK ECT Review Group. Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2003;361(9360):799-808.
18. Valenti M, Benabarre A, Bernardo M, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of bipolar depression. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2007;35:199-207.
19. Mukherjee S, Sackeim HA, Schnur DB. Electroconvulsive therapy of acute manic episodes: a review of 50 years' experience. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151:169-176. (Pubitemid 24053093)
20. Cheniaux E, Landeira-Fernandez J, Lessa TL, et al. Does schizoaffective disorder really exist? A systematic review of the studies that compared schizoaffective disorder with schizophrenia or mood disorders. J Affect Disord. 2008;106:209-217.
21. Mukherjee S. Mechanisms of the antimanic effect of electroconvulsive therapy. Convuls Ther. 1989;5:227-243. (Pubitemid 19210086)
22. Sikdar S, Kulhara P, Avasthi A, et al. Combined chlorpromazine and electroconvulsive therapy in mania. Br J Psychiatry. 1994;164:806-810. (Pubitemid 24186901)
23. Small JG, Klapper MH, Kellams JJ, et al. Electroconvulsive treatment compared with lithium in the management of manic states. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1988;45:727-732.
24. Black DW, Winokur G, Nasrallah A. Treatment of mania: a naturalistic study of electroconvulsive therapy versus lithium in 438 patients. J Clin Psychiatry. 1987b;48:132-139. (Pubitemid 17063581)
25. McCabe MS. ECT in the treatment of mania: a controlled study. Am J Psychiatry. 1976;133:688-691.
26. McCabe MS, Norris B. ECT versus chlorpromazine in mania. Biol Psychiatry. 1977;12:245-254. (Pubitemid 8086771)
27. Schiele BC, Schneider RA. The selective use of electroconvulsive therapy in manic patients. Dis Nerv Syst. 1949;10:291-297.
28. Thomas J, Reddy B. The treatment of mania: a retrospective evaluation of the effects of ECT, chlorpromazine, and lithium. J Affect Disord. 1982;4:85-92. (Pubitemid 12076969)
29. Volpe FM, Tavares A. Impact of ECT on duration of hospitalizations for mania. J ECT. 2003;19:17-21. (Pubitemid 36298276)
30. Ikeji OC, Ohaeri JU, Osahon RO, et al. Naturalistic comparative study of outcome and cognitive effects of unmodified electro-convulsive therapy in schizophrenia, mania and severe depression in Nigeria. East Afr Med J. 1999;76:644-650.
31. Barekatain M, Jahangard L, Haghighi M, et al. Bifrontal versus bitemporal electroconvulsive therapy in severe manic patients. J ECT. 2008;24:199-202.
32. Hiremani RM, Thirthalli J, Tharayil BS, et al. Double-blind randomized controlled study comparing short-term efficacy of bifrontal and bitemporal electroconvulsive therapy in acute mania. Bipolar Disord. 2008;10:701-707.
33. Mohan TS, Tharyan P, Alexander J, et al. Effects of stimulus intensity on the efficacy and safety of twice-weekly, bilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) combined with antipsychotics in acute mania: a randomised controlled trial. Bipolar Disord. 2009;11:126-134.
34. Schnur DB, Mukherjee S, Sackeim HA, et al. Symptomatic predictors of ECT response in medication-nonresponsive manic patients. J Clin Psychiatry. 1992;53:63-66.
35. Impastato DJ, Almansi RJ. A study of over two thousand cases of electrofit-treated patients. NY State J Med. 1943;43:2057-2063.
36. Furst W, Stauffer JF. The electrical shock treatment of psychoses. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1942;96:499-506.
37. Alexander RC, Salomon M, Ionescu-Pioggia M, et al. Convulsive therapy in the treatment of mania: McLean Hospital 1973-1986. Convuls Ther. 1988;4:115-125.
38. Mukherjee S, Debsikdar V. Unmodified electroconvulsive therapy of acute mania: a retrospective naturalistic study. Convuls Ther. 1992;8:5-11.
39. Stromgren LS. Electroconvulsive therapy in Aarhus, Denmark, in 1984: its application in nondepressive disorders. Convuls Ther. 1988;4:306-313.
40. Bianchi JA, Chiarello CJ. Shock therapy in the involutional and manic-depressive psychoses. Psychiatr Q. 1944;18:118-126.
41. Epstein J. Electrical shock therapy in the psychoses: a study of 100 cases. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1943;98:115-129.
42. Gralnick A. A three-year survey of electroshock therapy. Am J Psychiatry. 1946;102:583-593.
43. Hemphill RE. Electrical convulsion therapy. Lancet. 1942;243: 152-154.
44. Kalinowsky LB. Electric convulsive therapy, with emphasis on importance of adequate treatments. Arch Neurol Psychiatry. 1943;50:652-660.
45. Kino FF, Thorpe FT. Electrical convulsion therapy in 500 selected psychotics. J Ment Sci. 1946;92:138-145.
46. Medlicott RW. Convulsion therapy: results and complications in four hundred cases. NZ Med J. 1948;47:338-348.
47. Smith LH, Hastings DW, Hughes J. Immediate and follow up results of electroshock therapy. Am J Psychiatry. 1943;100:351-354.
48. Black DW, Winokur G, Nasrallah A. ECT in unipolar and bipolar disorders: a naturalistic evaluation of 460 patients. Convuls Ther. 1986;2:231-237. (Pubitemid 17205506)
49. Thirthalli J, Kumar CN, Bangalore RP, et al. Speed of response to threshold and suprathreshold bilateral ECT in depression, mania and schizophrenia. J Affect Disord. 2009;117:104-107.
50. Avery D, Winokur G. The efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy and antidepressants in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 1977;12: 507-523. (Pubitemid 8172040)
51. Black DW, Winokur G, Nasrallah A. The treatment of depression: electroconvulsive therapy vs antidepressants: a naturalistic evaluation of 1,495 patients. Compr Psychiatry. 1987a;28:169-182. (Pubitemid 17045409)
52. Homan S, Lachenbruch PA, Winokur G, et al. An efficacy study of electroconvulsive therapy and antidepressants in the treatment of primary depression. Psychol Med. 1982;12;615-624. (Pubitemid 12006317)
53. Perris C, d'Elia G. A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses. IX: Therapy and prognosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1966;194:153-171.
54. Ciapparelli A, Dell'Osso L, Tundo A, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy in medication-nonresponsive patients with mixed mania and bipolar depression. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62:552-555. (Pubitemid 32703096)
55. Bailine SH, Rifkin A, Kayne E, et al. Comparison of bifrontal and bitemporal ECT for major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157:121-123. (Pubitemid 30027432)
56. Devanand DP, Polanco P, Cruz R, et al. The efficacy of ECT in mixed affective states. J ECT. 2000;16:32-37.
57. Kho KH, Zwinderman AH, Blansjaar BA. Predictors for the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy: chart review of a naturalistic study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;66:894-899. (Pubitemid 41032831)
58. Stromgren LS. Unilateral versus bilateral electroconvulsive therapy. Investigations into the therapeutic effect in endogenous depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1973;240:8-65.
59. Grunhaus L, Schreiber S, Dolberg OT, et al. Response to ECT in major depression: are there differences between unipolar and bipolar depression? Bipolar Disord. 2002;1(suppl 4):91-93.
60. Medda P, Perugi G, Zanello S, et al. Response to ECT in bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar depression. J Affect Disord. 2009a; 118:55-59.
61. Sienaert P, Vansteelandt K, Demyttenaere K, et al. Ultra-brief pulse ECT in bipolar and unipolar depressive disorder: differences in speed of response. Bipolar Disord. 2009;11:418-424.
62. Abrams R, Taylor MA. Unipolar and bipolar depressive illness: phenomenology and response to electroconvulsive therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1974;30:320-321.
63. Medda P, Perugi G, Zanello S, et al. Comparative response to electroconvulsive therapy in medication-resistant bipolar I patients with depression and mixed state. J ECT. 2010;26:82-86.
64. Castel B, Chamorro L, Olivares D, et al. Utilizacion de la terapia electroconvulsiva en una unidad de agudos de hospital general / ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) in a general hospital psychiatric inpatient unit. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2000;28:88-95.
65. Kutcher S, Robertson HA. Electroconvulsive therapy in treatment-resistant bipolar youth. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1995;5:167-175.
66. Winokur G, Kadrmas A. Convulsive therapy and the course of bipolar illness, 1940-1949. Convuls Ther. 1988;4:126-132.
67. Vaidya NA, Mahableshwarkar AR, Shahid R. Continuation and maintenance ECT in treatment-resistant bipolar disorder. J ECT. 2003;19:10-16. (Pubitemid 36298275)
68. Small JG, Milstein V, Klapper MH, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of manic episodes. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1986;462:37-49. (Pubitemid 16063922)
69. Cohen D, Taieb O, Flament M, et al. Absence of cognitive impairment at long-term follow-up in adolescents treated with ECT for severe mood disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157:460-462. (Pubitemid 30145937)
70. Fink M. Convulsive therapy: a review of the first 55 years. J Affect Disord. 2001;63:1-15. (Pubitemid 32200493)
71. Grunze H, Erfurth A, Schafer M, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of severe mania: case report and a state-of-art review. Nervenarzt. 1999;70:662-667. (Pubitemid 29336790)
72. Munk-Olsen T, Laursen TM, Videbech P, et al. All-cause mortality among recipients of electroconvulsive therapy: register-based cohort study. Br J Psychiatry. 2007;190:435-439. (Pubitemid 46706957)
73. Prudic J, Sackeim HA, Devanand DP. Medication resistance and clinical response to electroconvulsive therapy. Psychiatry Res. 1990;31:287-296. (Pubitemid 20102377)
74. Runck B. NIMH report: consensus panel backs cautious use of ECT for severe disorders. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1985;36:943-946. (Pubitemid 15016881)