메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 517-529

Growth hormone and HIV infection: Contribution to disease manifestations and clinical implications

Author keywords

growth hormone deficiency; growth hormone resistance; HIV; lipodystrophy; truncal obesity; visceral adipose tissue; wasting

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; GROWTH HORMONE; GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING FACTOR;

EID: 79955003146     PISSN: 1521690X     EISSN: 15321908     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2010.11.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (16)

References (83)
  • 1
    • 47649115323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries: A collaborative analysis of 14 cohort studies
    • R. Hogg, V. Lima, and J. Sterne Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries: a collaborative analysis of 14 cohort studies Lancet 372 2008 293 299
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 293-299
    • Hogg, R.1    Lima, V.2    Sterne, J.3
  • 2
    • 77949377332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of all-cause mortality associated with nonfatal AIDS and serious non-AIDS events among adults infected with HIV
    • J. Neuhaus, B. Angus, and J.D. Kowalska Risk of all-cause mortality associated with nonfatal AIDS and serious non-AIDS events among adults infected with HIV AIDS 24 2010 697 706
    • (2010) AIDS , vol.24 , pp. 697-706
    • Neuhaus, J.1    Angus, B.2    Kowalska, J.D.3
  • 3
    • 69449086261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-AIDS-defining deaths and immunodeficiency in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy
    • B. Marin, R. Thiebaut, and H.C. Bucher Non-AIDS-defining deaths and immunodeficiency in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy AIDS 23 2009 1743 1753
    • (2009) AIDS , vol.23 , pp. 1743-1753
    • Marin, B.1    Thiebaut, R.2    Bucher, H.C.3
  • 4
    • 34548103874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapy Insight: Body-shape changes and metabolic complications associated with HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • DOI 10.1038/ncpendmet0587, PII NCPENDMET0587
    • J. Falutz Therapy insight: body-shape changes and metabolic complications associated with HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology Metabolism 3 2007 651 661 (Pubitemid 47294430)
    • (2007) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.3 , Issue.9 , pp. 651-661
    • Falutz, J.1
  • 6
    • 67650077703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular manifestations of HIV infection
    • J.E. Ho, and P.Y. Hsue Cardiovascular manifestations of HIV infection Heart 95 2009 1193 1202
    • (2009) Heart , vol.95 , pp. 1193-1202
    • Ho, J.E.1    Hsue, P.Y.2
  • 7
    • 0037384062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss and wasting in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus
    • S. Grinspoon, and K. Mulligan Weight loss and wasting in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus Clinical Infectious Disease 36 2003 S69 78
    • (2003) Clinical Infectious Disease , vol.36 , pp. 69-78
    • Grinspoon, S.1    Mulligan, K.2
  • 8
    • 63749088446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GH/GHRH axis in HIV lipodystrophy
    • T.L. Stanley, and S.K. Grinspoon GH/GHRH axis in HIV lipodystrophy Pituitary 12 2009 143 152
    • (2009) Pituitary , vol.12 , pp. 143-152
    • Stanley, T.L.1    Grinspoon, S.K.2
  • 9
    • 0029973894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine and metabolic disturbances in Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
    • DOI 10.1210/er.17.5.518
    • D.E. Sellmeyer, and C. Grunfeld Endocrine and metabolic disturbances in human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome Endocrine Reviews 17 1996 518 532 (Pubitemid 26346641)
    • (1996) Endocrine Reviews , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 518-532
    • Sellmeyer, D.E.1    Grunfeld, C.2
  • 13
    • 33644833447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition and HIV infection: Review of weight loss and wasting in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy from the nutrition for healthy living cohort
    • DOI 10.1086/500398
    • A. Mangili, D.H. Murman, and A.M. Zampini Nutrition and HIV infection: review of weight loss and wasting in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy from the nutrition for healthy living cohort Clinical Infectious Disease 42 2006 836 842 (Pubitemid 43363942)
    • (2006) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.42 , Issue.6 , pp. 836-842
    • Mangili, A.1    Murman, D.H.2    Zampini, A.M.3    Wanke, C.A.4
  • 15
    • 0030160897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anterior pituitary and pituitary-dependent target organ function in men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
    • DOI 10.1016/S0026-0495(96)90140-7
    • L.D. Wilson, M.P. Truong, and A.R. Barber Anterior pituitary and pituitary-dependent target organ function in men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus Metabolism 45 1996 738 746 (Pubitemid 26176117)
    • (1996) Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental , vol.45 , Issue.6 , pp. 738-746
    • Wilson, L.D.1    Truong, M.P.M.2    Barber, A.R.3    Aoki, T.T.4
  • 16
    • 0029934235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wasting in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome is associated with multiple defects in the serum insulin-like growth factor system
    • R.A. Frost, J. Fuhrer, and R. Steigbigel Wasting in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome is associated with multiple defects in the serum insulin-like growth factor system Clinical Endocrinology 44 1996 501 514 (Pubitemid 26168767)
    • (1996) Clinical Endocrinology , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 501-514
    • Frost, R.A.1    Fuhrer, J.2    Steigbigel, R.3    Marluz, P.4    Lang, C.H.5    Gelato, M.C.6
  • 17
    • 25644458577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring insulin-like growth factors in HIV infection and AIDS
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cccn.2005.05.001, PII S0009898105002901
    • L.F. Congote Monitoring insulin-like growth factors in HIV infection and AIDS Clinica Chimica Acta 361 2005 30 53 (Pubitemid 41382608)
    • (2005) Clinica Chimica Acta , vol.361 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 30-53
    • Congote, L.F.1
  • 18
    • 0032461188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of androgen administration on the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I axis in men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome wasting
    • S. Grinspoon, C. Corcoran, and T. Stanley Effects of androgen administration on the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I axis in men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome wasting The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 83 1998 4251 4256 (Pubitemid 29100117)
    • (1998) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.83 , Issue.12 , pp. 4251-4256
    • Grinspoon, S.1    Corcoran, C.2    Stanley, T.3    Katznelson, L.4    Klibanski, A.5
  • 19
    • 0029821435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catabolic hormones and growth hormone resistance in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and other catabolic states
    • B.D. Rodgers Catabolic hormones and growth hormone resistance in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and other catabolic states Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 212 1996 324 331
    • (1996) Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine , vol.212 , pp. 324-331
    • Rodgers, B.D.1
  • 20
    • 0032903480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of growth hormone treatment in elderly patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis: Anabolic effect and functional improvement
    • G. Johannsson, B.A. Bengtsson, and J. Ahlmen Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of growth hormone treatment in elderly patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis: anabolic effect and functional improvement American Journal of Kidney Disease 33 1999 709 717 (Pubitemid 29159937)
    • (1999) American Journal of Kidney Diseases , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 709-717
    • Johannsson, G.1    Bengtsson, B.-A.2    Ahlmen, J.3
  • 21
    • 0033497374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative growth hormone treatment and functional outcome after major abdominal surgery: A randomized, double-blind, controlled study
    • DOI 10.1097/00000658-199902000-00020
    • P. Kissmeyer-Nielsen, M.B. Jensen, and S. Laurberg Perioperative growth hormone treatment and functional outcome after major abdominal surgery: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study Annals of Surgery 229 1999 298 302 (Pubitemid 30191806)
    • (1999) Annals of Surgery , vol.229 , Issue.2 , pp. 298-302
    • Kissmeyer-Nielsen, P.1    Jensen, M.B.2    Laurberg, S.3
  • 23
    • 0030740995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone-induced insulin resistance: Role of the insulin receptor, IRS-1, GLUT-1, and GLUT-4
    • T.R. Smith, J.S. Elmendorf, and T.S. David Growth hormone-induced insulin resistance: role of the insulin receptor, IRS-1, GLUT-1, and GLUT-4 The American Journal of Physiology 272 1997 E1071 1079
    • (1997) The American Journal of Physiology , vol.272 , pp. 1071-1079
    • Smith, T.R.1    Elmendorf, J.S.2    David, T.S.3
  • 24
    • 0037809349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial: Growth hormone replacement therapy and insulin sensitivity
    • DOI 10.1210/jc.2003-030218
    • J. Svensson, and B.A. Bengtsson Growth hormone replacement therapy and insulin sensitivity The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 88 2003 1453 1454 (Pubitemid 36636977)
    • (2003) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 1453-1454
    • Svensson, J.1    Bengtsson, B.-A.2
  • 25
    • 0030319368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone in patients with HIV-associated wasting. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Serostim study group
    • M. Schambelan, K. Mulligan, and C. Grunfeld Recombinant human growth hormone in patients with HIV-associated wasting. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Serostim study group Annals of Internal Medicine 125 1996 873 882
    • (1996) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.125 , pp. 873-882
    • Schambelan, M.1    Mulligan, K.2    Grunfeld, C.3
  • 26
    • 0027954321 scopus 로고
    • Anabolic effects of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I in cachectic patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • DOI 10.1210/jc.78.2.404
    • S.A. Lieberman, G.E. Butterfield, and D. Harrison Anabolic effects of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I in cachectic patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 78 1994 404 410 (Pubitemid 24061761)
    • (1994) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.78 , Issue.2 , pp. 404-410
    • Lieberman, S.A.1    Butterfield, G.E.2    Harrison, D.3    Hoffman, A.R.4
  • 28
    • 0030319372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and combination therapy in AIDS-associated wasting. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • D. Waters, J. Danska, and K. Hardy Recombinant human growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and combination therapy in AIDS-associated wasting. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Annals of Internal Medicine 125 1996 865 872
    • (1996) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.125 , pp. 865-872
    • Waters, D.1    Danska, J.2    Hardy, K.3
  • 29
    • 0029810374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in body composition of human immunodeficiency virus-infected males receiving insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone
    • DOI 10.1210/jc.81.8.3033
    • K.J. Ellis, P.D. Lee, and J.M. Pivarnik Changes in body composition of human immunodeficiency virus-infected males receiving insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81 1996 3033 3038 (Pubitemid 26323904)
    • (1996) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.81 , Issue.8 , pp. 3033-3038
    • Ellis, K.J.1    Lee, P.D.K.2    Pivarnik, J.M.3    Bukar, J.G.4    Gesundheit, N.5
  • 30
    • 0038708272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of the effects of antiretroviral therapy on body composition in HIV-1-infected men starting therapy
    • DOI 10.1097/00002030-200305020-00005
    • P.W. Mallon, J. Miller, and D.A. Cooper Prospective evaluation of the effects of antiretroviral therapy on body composition in HIV-1-infected men starting therapy AIDS 17 2003 971 979 (Pubitemid 36549708)
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , Issue.7 , pp. 971-979
    • Mallon, P.W.G.1    Miller, J.2    Cooper, D.A.3    Carr, A.4
  • 31
    • 24144494533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing risk of 5% or greater unintentional weight loss in a cohort of HIV-infected patients, 1995 to 2003
    • DOI 10.1097/01.qai.0000159627.54149.2e
    • A.M. Tang, D.L. Jacobson, and D. Spiegelman Increasing risk of 5% or greater unintentional weight loss in a cohort of HIV-infected patients, 1995 to 2003 Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 40 2005 70 76 (Pubitemid 41233208)
    • (2005) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.40 , Issue.1 , pp. 70-76
    • Tang, A.M.1    Jacobson, D.L.2    Spiegelman, D.3    Knox, T.A.4    Wanke, C.5
  • 32
    • 1542723602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth Hormone Improves Lean Body Mass, Physical Performance, and Quality of Life in Subjects with HIV-Associated Weight Loss or Wasting on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
    • DOI 10.1097/00126334-200404010-00006
    • G.J. Moyle, E.S. Daar, and J.M. Gertner Growth hormone improves lean body mass, physical performance, and quality of life in subjects with HIV-associated weight loss or wasting on highly active antiretroviral therapy Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 35 2004 367 375 (Pubitemid 38332797)
    • (2004) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 367-375
    • Moyle, G.J.1    Daar, E.S.2    Gertner, J.M.3    Kotler, D.P.4    Melchior, J.-C.5    O'Brien, F.6    Svanberg, E.7
  • 33
    • 0032493043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A syndrome of peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance in patients receiving HIV protease inhibitors
    • A. Carr, K. Samaras, and S. Burton A syndrome of peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance in patients receiving HIV protease inhibitors AIDS 12 7 1998 F51 F58
    • (1998) AIDS , vol.12 , Issue.7
    • Carr, A.1    Samaras, K.2    Burton, S.3
  • 37
    • 9244249624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction in AIDS and its treatment
    • DOI 10.1016/j.mito.2004.07.025, PII S1567724904001643
    • M. Gerschenson, and K. Brinkman Mitochondrial dysfunction in AIDS and its treatment Mitochondrion 4 2004 763 777 (Pubitemid 39646821)
    • (2004) Mitochondrion , vol.4 , Issue.5-6 SPEC. ISSUE , pp. 763-777
    • Gerschenson, M.1    Brinkman, K.2
  • 40
    • 64949166842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic polymorphisms differently influencing the emergence of atrophy and fat accumulation in HIV-related lipodystrophy
    • B. Zanone Poma, A. Riva, and M. Nasi Genetic polymorphisms differently influencing the emergence of atrophy and fat accumulation in HIV-related lipodystrophy AIDS 22 2008 1769 1778
    • (2008) AIDS , vol.22 , pp. 1769-1778
    • Zanone Poma, B.1    Riva, A.2    Nasi, M.3
  • 41
    • 25844473170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fat distribution in men with HIV infection
    • DOI 10.1097/01.qai.0000182230.47819.aa
    • P. Bacchetti, B. Gripshover, and C. Grunfeld Fat distribution in men with HIV infection Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 40 2005 121 131 (Pubitemid 41395709)
    • (2005) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-131
    • Grunfeld, C.1
  • 44
  • 45
    • 12244251427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone (GH) responses to GH-releasing hormone-arginine testing in human immunodeficiency virus lipodystrophy
    • DOI 10.1210/jc.2004-1342
    • P. Koutkia, B. Canavan, and J. Breu Growth hormone (GH) responses to GH-releasing hormone-arginine testing in human immunodeficiency virus lipodystrophy The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 90 2005 32 38 (Pubitemid 40116630)
    • (2005) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.90 , Issue.1 , pp. 32-38
    • Koutkia, P.1    Canavan, B.2    Breu, J.3    Grinspoon, S.4
  • 47
    • 41049093322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone: Rationale for use in the treatment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy
    • S. Benedini, I. Terruzzi, and A. Lazzarin Recombinant human growth hormone: rationale for use in the treatment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy BioDrugs 22 2008 101 112 (Pubitemid 351419122)
    • (2008) BioDrugs , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-112
    • Benedini, S.1    Terruzzi, I.2    Lazzarin, A.3    Luzi, L.4
  • 51
    • 58149387611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in obesity in adults: A meta analysis
    • K.C. Mekala, and N.A. Tritos Effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in obesity in adults: a meta analysis The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 94 2009 130 137
    • (2009) The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.94 , pp. 130-137
    • Mekala, K.C.1    Tritos, N.A.2
  • 52
    • 0345064200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination antiretroviral therapy and the risk of myocardial infarction
    • N. Friis-Moller, C.A. Sabin, and R. Weber Combination antiretroviral therapy and the risk of myocardial infarction The New England Journal of Medicine 349 2003 1993 2003
    • (2003) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.349 , pp. 1993-2003
    • Friis-Moller, N.1    Sabin, C.A.2    Weber, R.3
  • 53
    • 77955705895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low CD4 + T cell count is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease events in the HIV outpatient study
    • K.A. Lichtenstein, C. Armon, and K. Buchacz Low CD4 + T cell count is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease events in the HIV outpatient study Clinical Infectious Diseases 51 2010 435 447
    • (2010) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.51 , pp. 435-447
    • Lichtenstein, K.A.1    Armon, C.2    Buchacz, K.3
  • 54
    • 77951874503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment with recombinant growth hormone is associated with modest improvement in CD4 lymphocyte reconstitution in HIV-infected persons on antiretroviral therapy: Results of ACTG A5174
    • K. Smith, L. Zheng, and R. Bosch Treatment with recombinant growth hormone is associated with modest improvement in CD4 lymphocyte reconstitution in HIV-infected persons on antiretroviral therapy: results of ACTG A5174 AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 26 2010 425 432
    • (2010) AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses , vol.26 , pp. 425-432
    • Smith, K.1    Zheng, L.2    Bosch, R.3
  • 55
    • 53449087849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of morphologic changes associated with antiretroviral use in HIV-infected patients
    • D.A. Wohl, and T.T. Brown Management of morphologic changes associated with antiretroviral use in HIV-infected patients Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 49 Suppl. 2 2008 S93 S100
    • (2008) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.49 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Wohl, D.A.1    Brown, T.T.2
  • 56
    • 0025083282 scopus 로고
    • Visceral fat accumulation in men is positively associated with insulin, glucose, and C-peptide levels, but negatively with testosterone levels
    • DOI 10.1016/0026-0495(90)90297-P
    • J.C. Seidell, P. Bjorntorp, and L. Sjostrom Visceral fat accumulation in men is positively associated with insulin, glucose, and C-peptide levels, but negatively with testosterone levels Metabolism 39 1990 897 901 (Pubitemid 20293933)
    • (1990) Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental , vol.39 , Issue.9 , pp. 897-901
    • Seidell, J.C.1    Bjorntorp, P.2    Sjostrom, L.3    Kvist, H.4    Sannerstedt, R.5
  • 57
    • 33947533369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of testosterone supplementation on whole body and regional fat mass and distribution in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men with abdominal obesity
    • DOI 10.1210/jc.2006-2060
    • S. Bhasin, R.A. Parker, and F. Sattler Effects of testosterone supplementation on whole body and regional fat mass and distribution in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men with abdominal obesity The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 92 2007 1049 1057 (Pubitemid 46465682)
    • (2007) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.92 , Issue.3 , pp. 1049-1057
    • Bhasin, S.1    Parker, R.A.2    Sattler, F.3    Haubrich, R.4    Alston, B.5    Umbleja, T.6    Shikuma, C.M.7
  • 59
    • 65249130126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of recombinant human leptin on visceral fat, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipoatrophy and hypoleptinemia
    • K. Mulligan, H. Khatami, and J.M. Schwarz The effects of recombinant human leptin on visceral fat, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipoatrophy and hypoleptinemia The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 94 2009 1137 1144
    • (2009) The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.94 , pp. 1137-1144
    • Mulligan, K.1    Khatami, H.2    Schwarz, J.M.3
  • 61
    • 34249883032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waist circumference and cardiometabolic risk: A consensus statement from Shaping America's Health: Association for Weight Management and Obesity Prevention; NAASO, the Obesity Society; the American Society for Nutrition; and the American Diabetes Association
    • DOI 10.2337/dc07-9921
    • S. Klein, D.B. Allison, and S.B. Heymsfield Waist circumference and cardiometabolic risk: a consensus statement from shaping America's health: association for weight management and obesity prevention; NAASO, the Obesity Society; the American Society for nutrition; and the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Care 30 2007 1647 1652 (Pubitemid 46871194)
    • (2007) Diabetes Care , vol.30 , Issue.6 , pp. 1647-1652
    • Klein, S.1    Allison, D.B.2    Heymsfield, S.B.3    Kelley, D.E.4    Leibel, R.L.5    Nonas, C.6    Kahn, R.7
  • 63
    • 23944490145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waist circumference criteria for the diagnosis of abdominal obesity are not applicable uniformly to all populations and ethnic groups
    • DOI 10.1016/j.nut.2005.01.007, PII S0899900705001620
    • A. Misra, J.S. Wasir, and N.K. Vikram Waist circumference criteria for the diagnosis of abdominal obesity are not applicable uniformly to all populations and ethnic groups Nutrition 21 2005 969 976 (Pubitemid 41188097)
    • (2005) Nutrition , vol.21 , Issue.9 , pp. 969-976
    • Misra, A.1    Wasir, J.S.2    Vikram, N.K.3
  • 64
    • 66149175042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is a unified definition of metabolic syndrome needed? Comparison of three definitions of metabolic syndrome in 60-year-old men and women
    • A.C. Carlsson, P.E. Wandell, and M. Halldin Is a unified definition of metabolic syndrome needed? Comparison of three definitions of metabolic syndrome in 60-year-old men and women Metabollic Syndrome and Related Disorders 7 2009 231 241
    • (2009) Metabollic Syndrome and Related Disorders , vol.7 , pp. 231-241
    • Carlsson, A.C.1    Wandell, P.E.2    Halldin, M.3
  • 66
    • 0033578457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of protease inhibitor-related visceral abdominal fat accumulation with recombinant human growth hormone [7]
    • S. Mauss, E. Wolf, and H. Jaeger Reversal of protease inhibitor-related visceral abdominal fat accumulation with recombinant human growth hormone Annals of Internal Medicine 131 1999 313 314 (Pubitemid 29383666)
    • (1999) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.131 , Issue.4 , pp. 313-314
    • Mauss, S.1    Wolf, E.2    Jaeger, H.3
  • 67
    • 0032712266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone improves the fat redistribution syndrome (lipodystrophy) in patients with HIV
    • DOI 10.1097/00002030-199910220-00013
    • C. Wanke, J. Gerrior, and J. Kantaros Recombinant human growth hormone improves the fat redistribution syndrome (lipodystrophy) in patients with HIV AIDS 13 1999 2099 2103 (Pubitemid 29509587)
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , Issue.15 , pp. 2099-2103
    • Wanke, C.1    Gerrior, J.2    Kantaros, J.3    Coakley, E.4    Albrecht, M.5
  • 68
    • 0032786310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone improves truncal adiposity and 'buffalo humps' in HIV-positive patients on HAART
    • R.A. Torres, K.W. Unger, and J.A. Cadman Recombinant human growth hormone improves truncal adiposity and 'buffalo humps' in HIV-positive patients on HAART AIDS 13 1999 2479 2481
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 2479-2481
    • Torres, R.A.1    Unger, K.W.2    Cadman, J.A.3
  • 70
    • 0037111748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on fat distribution in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated wasting
    • DOI 10.1086/343051
    • V.W. Tai, M. Schambelan, and H. Algren Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on fat distribution in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated wasting Clinical Infectious Diseases 35 2002 1258 1262 (Pubitemid 35305875)
    • (2002) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.35 , Issue.10 , pp. 1258-1262
    • Tai, V.W.1    Schambelan, M.2    Algren, H.3    Shayevich, C.4    Mulligan, K.5
  • 73
    • 1942436958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16044-3, PII S0140673604160443
    • A.G. Renehan, M. Zwahlen, and C. Minder Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: systematic review and meta-regression analysis Lancet 363 2004 1346 1353 (Pubitemid 38529873)
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , Issue.9418 , pp. 1346-1353
    • Renehan, A.G.1    Zwahlen, M.2    Minder, C.3    O'Dwyer, S.T.4    Shalet, S.M.5    Egger, M.6
  • 75
    • 34347324037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone to treat HIV-associated adipose redistribution syndrome: 12-Week induction and 24-week maintenance therapy
    • DOI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31804a7f68, PII 0012633420070701000006
    • C. Grunfeld, M. Thompson, and S.J. Brown Recombinant human growth hormone to treat HIV-associated adipose redistribution syndrome: 12 week induction and 24-week maintenance therapy Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 45 2007 286 297 (Pubitemid 47012375)
    • (2007) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 286-297
    • Grunfeld, C.1    Thompson, M.2    Brown, S.J.3    Richmond, G.4    Lee, D.5    Muurahainen, N.6    Kotler, D.P.7
  • 76
    • 48749093932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose physiological growth hormone in patients with HIV and abdominal fat accumulation: A randomized controlled trial
    • J. Lo, S.M. You, and B. Canavan Low-dose physiological growth hormone in patients with HIV and abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized controlled trial Journal of American Medical Association 300 2008 509 519
    • (2008) Journal of American Medical Association , vol.300 , pp. 509-519
    • Lo, J.1    You, S.M.2    Canavan, B.3
  • 78
    • 67449093468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tesamorelin, a human growth hormone releasing factor analogue
    • Y. Wang, and B. Tomlinson Tesamorelin, a human growth hormone releasing factor analogue Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 18 2009 303 310
    • (2009) Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs , vol.18 , pp. 303-310
    • Wang, Y.1    Tomlinson, B.2
  • 81
    • 77649226509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing factor, in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: A randomized placebo-controlled trial with a safety extension
    • J. Falutz, D. Potvin, and J.C. Mamputu Effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing factor, in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial with a safety extension Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 53 2010 311 322
    • (2010) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.53 , pp. 311-322
    • Falutz, J.1    Potvin, D.2    Mamputu, J.C.3
  • 82
    • 77956576248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tesamorelin (TH9507), a growth hormone-releasing factor analog, in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with excess abdominal fat: A pooled analysis of two multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled phase 3 trials with safety extension data
    • J. Falutz, J.C. Mamputu, and D. Potvin Effects of tesamorelin (TH9507), a growth hormone-releasing factor analog, in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with excess abdominal fat: a pooled analysis of two multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled phase 3 trials with safety extension data The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 95 2010 4291 4304
    • (2010) The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.95 , pp. 4291-4304
    • Falutz, J.1    Mamputu, J.C.2    Potvin, D.3
  • 83
    • 58149273826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term safety and effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing factor analogue, in HIV patients with abdominal fat accumulation
    • J. Falutz, S. Allas, and J.C. Mamputu Long-term safety and effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing factor analogue, in HIV patients with abdominal fat accumulation AIDS 22 2008 1719 1728
    • (2008) AIDS , vol.22 , pp. 1719-1728
    • Falutz, J.1    Allas, S.2    Mamputu, J.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.