Utility of measuring vitamin B 12 and its active fraction, holotranscobalamin, in neurological vitamin B 12 deficiency syndromes

Journal of Neurology

Volumn 258, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 393-401

  Schrempf, Wiebke ^a   Eulitz, Marco ^a   Neumeister, Volker ^a   Siegert, Gabriele ^a   Koch, Rainer ^a   Reichmann, Heinz ^a   Storch, Alexander ^a  

^a DRESDEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Cobalamin; Dementia; Holotranscobalamin (holoTC); Methylmalonic acid (MMA); Neuropathy; Vitamin B 12 deficiency

Indexed keywords

CYANOCOBALAMIN; HOLOTRANSCOBALAMIN; METHYLMALONIC ACID; TRANSCOBALAMIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYANOCOBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; EXTERNAL VALIDITY; FALSE POSITIVE RESULT; FEMALE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; KIDNEY FUNCTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SUBACUTE COMBINED DEGENERATION; VITAMIN METABOLISM;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SYNDROME; TRANSCOBALAMINS; VITAMIN B 12; VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79953779040     PISSN: 03405354     EISSN: 14321459     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00415-010-5764-4     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Allen RH, Stabler SP, Savage DG, Lindenbaum J (1990) Diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency I: usefulness of serum methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine concentrations. Am J Hematol 34:90-98 (Pubitemid 20180100)
2. Andres E, Loukili NH, Noel E, Kaltenbach G, Abdelgheni MB, Perrin AE, Noblet-Dick M, Maloisel F, Schlienger JL, Blickle JF (2004) Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency in elderly patients. CMAJ 171:251-259 (Pubitemid 39061592)
3. Baik HW, Russell RM (1999) Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly. Annu Rev Nutr 19:357-377
4. Bower C, Wald NJ (1995) Vitamin B12 deficiency and the fortification of food with folic acid. Eur J Clin Nutr 49:787-793
5. Carmel R (2002) Measuring and interpreting holo-transcobalamin (holo-transcobalamin II). Clin Chem 48:407-409
6. Carmel R (1996) Prevalence of undiagnosed pernicious anemia in the elderly. Arch Intern Med 156:1097-1100
7. Carmel R, Rasmussen K, Jacobsen DW, Green R (1996) Comparison of the deoxyuridine suppression test with serum levels of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine in mild cobalamin deficiency. Br J Haematol 93:311-318 (Pubitemid 26150024)
8. Chan A, Gold R, Kieseier BC, Rieckmann P, Hartung HP (2008) Leitlinien für Diagnostik und Therapie der Multiplen Sklerose (Guidelines for diagnostic and therapy of multiple sclerosis). In: Diener HC, Putzki N, Berlit P, Deuschl G, Elger C, Gold R, Hacke W, Hufschmidt A, Mattle H, Meier U, Oertel WH, Reichmann H, Schmutzhard E, Wallesch CW, Weller M (eds) Leitlinien für Diagnostik und Therapie in der Neurologie. Thieme Publisher, Stuttgart, pp 364-383
9. Clarke R, Birks J, Nexo E, Ueland PM, Schneede J, Scott J, Molloy A, Evans JG (2007) Low vitamin B12 status and risk of cognitive decline in older adults. Am J Clin Nutr 86:1384-1391 (Pubitemid 350126242)
10. Clarke R, Sherliker P, Hin H, Nexo E, Hvas AM, Schneede J, Birks J, Ueland PM, Emmens K, Scott JM, Molloy AM, Evans JG (2007) Detection of vitamin B12 deficiency in older people by measuring vitamin B12 or the active fraction of vitamin B12, holotranscobalamin. Clin Chem 53:963-970 (Pubitemid 46744255)
11. Deuschl G, Maier W, Dementia GCG (2009) S3 Guidelines for Dementia of the German Neurological Society (DGN) and the German Society for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Neurological Sciences (DGPPN). Guidelines of the German Neurological Society (DGN)
12. Elin RJ, Winter WE (2001) Methylmalonic acid: a test whose time has come? Arch Pathol Lab Med 125:824-827
13. Green R, Kinsella LJ (1995) Current concepts in the diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency. Neurology 45:1435-1440
14. 12 Deficiency - Investigation and management of Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency, Vancouver. http://www.BCGuidelines.ca
15. Healton EB, Savage DG, Brust JC, Garrett TJ, Lindenbaum J (1991) Neurologic aspects of cobalamin deficiency. Medicine (Baltimore) 70:229-245
16. Herrmann W, Obeid R, Schorr H, Geisel J (2003) Functional vitamin B12 deficiency and determination of holotranscobalamin in populations at risk. Clin Chem Lab Med 41:1478-1488 (Pubitemid 37493564)
17. Herrmann W, Obeid R, Schorr H, Geisel J (2005) The usefulness of holotranscobalamin in predicting vitamin B12 status in different clinical settings. Curr Drug Metab 6:47-53 (Pubitemid 40277881)
18. Heuss D, Auer-Grumbach M, Haupt WF, Loescher W, Neundoerfer B, Rautenstrauss B, Renaud S, Sommer C (2008) Leitlinien für Diagnostik der Polyneuropathien (Guidelines for diagnostic of peripheral neuropathies). In: Diener HC, Putzki N, Berlit P, Deuschl G, Elger C, Gold R, Hacke W, Hufschmidt A, Mattle H, Meier U, Oertel WH, Reichmann H, Schmutzhard E, Wallesch CW, Weller M (eds) Leitlinien für Diagnostik und Therapie in der Neurologie. Thieme Publisher, Stuttgart, pp 486-497
19. Hvas AM, Ellegaard J, Nexo E (2001) Increased plasma methylmalonic acid level does not predict clinical manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency. Arch Intern Med 161:1534-1541 (Pubitemid 32679567)
20. Hvas AM, Juul S, Gerdes LU, Nexo E (2000) The marker of cobalamin deficiency, plasma methylmalonic acid, correlates to plasma creatinine. J Intern Med 247:507-512 (Pubitemid 30253171)
21. Hvas AM, Nexo E (2005) Holotranscobalamin - a first choice assay for diagnosing early vitamin B deficiency? J Intern Med 257:289-298
22. Joosten E, van den Berg A, Riezler R, Naurath HJ, Lindenbaum J, Stabler SP, Allen RH (1993) Metabolic evidence that deficiencies of vitamin B12 (cobalamin), folate, and vitamin B-6 occur commonly in elderly people. Am J Clin Nutr 58:468-476
23. Knopman DS, DeKosky ST, Cummings JL, Chui H, Corey-Bloom J, Relkin N, Small GW, Miller B, Stevens JC (2001) Practice parameter: diagnosis of dementia (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 56:1143-1153
24. Lindenbaum J, Healton EB, Savage DG, Brust JC, Garrett TJ, Podell ER, Marcell PD, Stabler SP, Allen RH (1988) Neuropsychiatric disorders caused by cobalamin deficiency in the absence of anemia or macrocytosis. N Engl J Med 318:1720-1728
25. Lindenbaum J, Rosenberg IH, Wilson PW, Stabler SP, Allen RH (1994) Prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in the Framingham elderly population. Am J Clin Nutr 60:2-11
26. Lindenbaum J, Savage DG, Stabler SP, Allen RH (1990) Diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency: II. Relative sensitivities of serum cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, and total homocysteine concentrations. Am J Hematol 34:99-107 (Pubitemid 20180101)
27. Magera MJ, Helgeson JK, Matern D, Rinaldo P (2000) Methylmalonic acid measured in plasma and urine by stable-isotope dilution and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem 46:1804-1810
28. Mazzachi BC, Peake MJ, Ehrhardt V (2000) Reference range and method comparison studies for enzymatic and Jaffe creatinine assays in plasma and serum and early morning urine. Clin Lab 46:53-55 (Pubitemid 30066185)
29. Miller JW, Garrod MG, Rockwood AL, Kushnir MM, Allen LH, Haan MN, Green R (2006) Measurement of total vitamin B12 and holotranscobalamin, singly and in combination, in screening for metabolic vitamin B12 deficiency. Clin Chem 52:278-285 (Pubitemid 43185490)
30. Nardin RA, Amick AN, Raynor EM (2007) Vitamin B(12) and methylmalonic acid levels in patients presenting with polyneuropathy. Muscle Nerve 36:532-535 (Pubitemid 47512080)
31. National-Collaborating-Centre-for-Mental-Health (2007) A NICE - SCIE Guideline on supporting people with dementia and their carers in health and social care. In: The British Psychological Society and Gaskell, London
32. Naurath HJ, Joosten E, Riezler R, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Lindenbaum J (1995) Effects of vitamin B12, folate, and vitamin B6 supplements in elderly people with normal serum vitamin concentrations. Lancet 346:85-89
33. Norman EJ, Morrison JA (1993) Screening elderly populations for cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency using the urinary methylmalonic acid assay by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Am J Med 94:589-594 (Pubitemid 23166704)
34. Obeid R, Herrmann W (2007) Holotranscobalamin in laboratory diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency compared to total cobalamin and methylmalonic acid. Clin Chem Lab Med 45:1746-1750 (Pubitemid 350232986)
35. Pennypacker LC, Allen RH, Kelly JP, Matthews LM, Grigsby J, Kaye K, Lindenbaum J, Stabler SP (1992) High prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in elderly outpatients. J Am Geriatr Soc 40:1197-1204
36. Reynolds E (2006) Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the nervous system. Lancet Neurol 5:949-960
37. Reynolds EH (2002) Benefits and risks of folic acid to the nervous system. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72:567-571
38. Saperstein DS, Wolfe GI, Gronseth GS, Nations SP, Herbelin LL, Bryan WW, Barohn RJ (2003) Challenges in the identification of cobalamin-deficiency polyneuropathy. Arch Neurol 60:1296-1301 (Pubitemid 37099639)
39. Savage DG, Lindenbaum J (1995) Neurological complications of acquired cobalamin deficiency: clinical aspects. Baillieres Clin Haematol 8:657-678
40. Savage DG, Lindenbaum J, Stabler SP, Allen RH (1994) Sensitivity of serum methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine determinations for diagnosing cobalamin and folate deficiencies. Am J Med 96:239-246 (Pubitemid 24099223)
41. Schmidtke K, Förstl H, Lang C, Wallesch CW, Mosimann UP, Schmidt R, Bohlken J (2008) Leitlinien für Diagnostik degenerativer Demenzen (Guidelines for diagnostic of degenerative dementias). In: Diener HC, Putzki N, Berlit P, Deuschl G, Elger C, Gold R, Hacke W, Hufschmidt A, Mattle H, Meier U, Oertel WH, Reichmann H, Schmutzhard E, Wallesch CW, Weller M (eds) Leitlinien für Diagnostik und Therapie in der Neurologie. Thieme Publisher, Stuttgart, pp 154-166
42. Schneede J, Ueland PM (2005) Novel and established markers of cobalamin deficiency: complementary or exclusive diagnostic strategies. Semin Vasc Med 5:140-155 (Pubitemid 40944289)
43. Shorvon SD, Carney MW, Chanarin I, Reynolds EH (1980) The neuropsychiatry of megaloblastic anaemia. Br Med J 281:1036-1038 (Pubitemid 10006903)
44. Simel DL, Samsa GP, Matchar DB (1991) Likelihood ratios with confidence: sample size estimation for diagnostic test studies. J Clin Epidemiol 44:763-770
45. Stabler SP, Lindenbaum J, Allen RH (1996) The use of homocysteine and other metabolites in the specific diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency. J Nutr 126:1266S-1272S
46. Ulleland M, Eilertsen I, Quadros EV, Rothenberg SP, Fedosov SN, Sundrehagen E, Orning L (2002) Direct assay for cobalamin bound to transcobalamin (holo-transcobalamin) in serum. Clin Chem 48:526-532 (Pubitemid 34174583)
47. Yao Y, Yao SL, Yao SS, Yao G, Lou W (1992) Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among geriatric outpatients. J Fam Pract 35:524-528 (Pubitemid 23033705)
48. Zucker DK, Livingston RL, Nakra R, Clayton PJ (1981) B12 deficiency and psychiatric disorders: case report and literature review. Biol Psychiatry 16:197-205 (Pubitemid 11186522)