Low triiodothyronine syndrome: A prognostic marker for outcome in sepsis?

Endocrine

Volumn 39, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 167-174

  Meyer, Stefanie ^a   Schuetz, Philipp ^a   Wieland, Melanie ^a   Nusbaumer, Charly ^a   Mueller, Beat ^b   Christ Crain, Mirjam ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BASEL   (Switzerland)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Free thyroxin; Outcome; Sepsis; Triiodothyronine

Indexed keywords

LIOTHYRONINE; THYROXINE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRITICAL ILLNESS; EUTHYROID SICK SYNDROME; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; LIOTHYRONINE BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCORING SYSTEM; SEPSIS; SEPTIC SHOCK; SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME;

EID: 79953653217     PISSN: 1355008X     EISSN: 15590100     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-010-9431-4     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. D.C. Angus, R.S. Wax, Epidemiology of sepsis: an update. Crit. Care Med. 29, S109-S116 (2001)
2. G.S. Martin, D.M. Mannino, S. Eaton, M. Moss, The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N. Engl. J. Med. 348, 1546-1554 (2003)
3. W.A. Knaus, E.A. Draper, D.P. Wagner, J.E. Zimmerman, APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit. Care Med. 13, 818-829 (1985)
4. J.R. Le Gall, S. Lemeshow, F. Saulnier, A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study. JAMA 270, 2957-2963 (1993)
5. M. Christ-Crain, N.G. Morgenthaler, J. Struck, S. Harbarth, A. Bergmann, B. Muller, Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin as a prognostic marker in sepsis: an observational study. Crit. Care 9, R816-R824 (2005)
6. F. de Groof, K.F. Joosten, J.A. Janssen, E.D. de Kleijn, J.A. Hazelzet, W.C. Hop, P. Uitterlinden, J. van Doorn, A.C. Hokken-Koelega, Acute stress response in children with meningococcal sepsis: important differences in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis between nonsurvivors and survivors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 3118-3124 (2002)
7. P. Schuetz, M. Christ-Crain, N.G. Morgenthaler, J. Struck, A. Bergmann, B. Muller, Circulating precursor levels of endothelin- 1 and adrenomedullin, two endothelium-derived, counteracting substances, in sepsis. Endothelium 14, 345-351 (2007)
8. M. Christ-Crain, D. Stolz, S. Jutla, O. Couppis, C. Muller, R. Bingisser, P. Schuetz, M. Tamm, R. Edwards, B. Muller, A.B. Grossman, Free and total cortisol levels as predictors of severity and outcome in community-acquired pneumonia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 176, 913-920 (2007)
9. R. Docter, E.P. Krenning, M. de Jong, G. Hennemann, The sick euthyroid syndrome: changes in thyroid hormone serum parameters and hormone metabolism. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) 39, 499-518 (1993)
10. L.J. De Groot, Dangerous dogmas in medicine: the nonthyroidal illness syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84, 151-164 (1999)
11. G. Van den Berghe, F. de Zegher, R. Bouillon, Clinical review 95: acute and prolonged critical illness as different neuroendocrine paradigms. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83, 1827-1834 (1998)
12. K.F. Joosten, E.D. de Kleijn, M. Westerterp, M. de Hoog, F.C. Eijck, W.C.J. Hop, E.V. Voort, J.A. Hazelzet, A.C. Hokken-Koelega, Endocrine and metabolic responses in children with meningoccocal sepsis: striking differences between survivors and nonsurvivors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85, 3746-3753 (2000)
13. P.M. Rothwell, P.G. Lawler, Prediction of outcome in intensive care patients using endocrine parameters. Crit. Care Med. 23, 78-83 (1995)
14. R.P. Peeters, P.J. Wouters, H. van Toor, E. Kaptein, T.J. Visser, G. Van den Berghe, Serum 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine (rT3) and 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine/rT3 are prognostic markers in critically ill patients and are associated with postmortem tissue deiodinase activities. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 4559-4565 (2005)
15. K. Plikat, J. Langgartner, R. Buettner, L.C. Bollheimer, U. Woenckhaus, J. Scholmerich, C.E. Wrede, Frequency and outcome of patients with nonthyroidal illness syndrome in a medical intensive care unit. Metabolism 56, 239-244 (2007)
16. R. Lodha, S. Vivekanandhan, M. Sarthi, S. Arun, S.K. Kabra, Thyroid function in children with sepsis and septic shock. Acta Paediatr. 96, 406-409 (2007)
17. D.C. Ray, G.B. Drummond, E. Wilkinson, G.J. Beckett, Relationship of admission thyroid function tests to outcome in critical illness. Anaesthesia 50, 1022-1025 (1995)
18. B. Muller, K.L. Becker, H. Schachinger, P.R. Rickenbacher, P.R. Huber, W. Zimmerli, R. Ritz, Calcitonin precursors are reliable markers of sepsis in a medical intensive care unit. Crit. Care Med. 28, 977-983 (2000)
19. P. Schuetz, B. Muller, C. Nusbaumer, M. Wieland, M. Christ-Crain, Circulating levels of GH predict mortality and complement prognostic scores in critically ill medical patients. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 160, 157-163 (2009)
20. 1992 American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit. Care Med. 20:864-874
21. R.C. Bone, R.A. Balk, F.B. Cerra, R.P. Dellinger, A.M. Fein, W.A. Knaus, R.M. Schein, W.J. Sibbald, Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM consensus conference committee. American college of chest physicians/society of critical care medicine. Chest 101, 1644-1655 (1992)
22. G.C. Zucchelli, A. Pilo, M.R. Chiesa, S. Masini, Systematic differences between commercial immunoassays for free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine in an external quality assessment program. Clin. Chem. 40, 1956-1961 (1994)
23. M. den Brinker, B. Dumas, T.J. Visser, W.C. Hop, J.A. Hazelzet, D.A. Festen, A.C. Hokken-Koelega, K.F. Joosten, Thyroid function and outcome in children who survived meningococcal septic shock. Intensive Care Med. 31, 970-976 (2005)
24. M. den Brinker, K.F. Joosten, T.J. Visser, W.C. Hop, Y.B. de Rijke, J.A. Hazelzet, V.H. Boonstra, A.C. Hokken-Koelega, Euthyroid sick syndrome in meningococcal sepsis: the impact of peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism and binding proteins. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 5613-5620 (2005)
25. M.F. Slag, J.E. Morley, M.K. Elson, T.W. Crowson, F.Q. Nuttall, R.B. Shafer, Hypothyroxinemia in critically ill patients as a predictor of high mortality. JAMA 245, 43-45 (1981)
26. R.P. Peeters, M.H. Kester, P.J. Wouters, E. Kaptein, H. van Toor, T.J. Visser, G. Van den Berghe, Increased thyroxine sulfate levels in critically ill patients as a result of a decreased hepatic type I deiodinase activity. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 6460-6465 (2005)
27. G. Van den Berghe, F. de Zegher, R.C. Baxter, J.D. Veldhuis, P. Wouters, M. Schetz, C. Verwaest, E. Van der Vorst, P. Lauwers, R. Bouillon, C.Y. Bowers, Neuroendocrinology of prolonged critical illness: effects of exogenous thyrotropin-releasing hormone and its combination with growth hormone secretagogues. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83, 309-319 (1998)
28. A. Boelen, J. Kwakkel, D.C. Thijssen-Timmer, A. Alkemade, E. Fliers, W.M. Wiersinga, Simultaneous changes in central and peripheral components of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute illness in mice. J. Endocrinol. 182, 315-323 (2004)
29. V. Bacci, G.C. Schussler, T.B. Kaplan, The relationship between serum triiodothyronine and thyrotropin during systemic illness. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 54, 1229-1235 (1982)
30. P.S. Hamblin, S.A. Dyer, V.S. Mohr, B.A. Le Grand, C.F. Lim, D.V. Tuxen, D.J. Topliss, J.R. Stockigt, Relationship between thyrotropin and thyroxine changes during recovery from severe hypothyroxinemia of critical illness. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 62, 717-722 (1986)
31. L.S. Maldonado, G.H. Murata, J.M. Hershman, G.D. Braunstein, Do thyroid function tests independently predict survival in the critically ill? Thyroid 2, 119-123 (1992)
32. J.M. Stouthard, T. van der Poll, E. Endert, P.J. Bakker, C.H. Veenhof, H.P. Sauerwein, J.A. Romijn, Effects of acute and chronic interleukin-6 administration on thyroid hormone metabolism in humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79, 1342-1346 (1994)
33. A. Boelen, M.C. Platvoet-ter Schiphorst, W.M. Wiersinga, Immunoneutralization of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6 or interferon does not prevent the LPS-induced sick euthyroid syndrome in mice. J. Endocrinol. 153, 115-122 (1997)
34. T. Schilling, M. Grundling, C.M. Strang, K.U. Moritz, W. Siegmund, T. Hachenberg, Effects of dopexamine, dobutamine or dopamine on prolactin and thyreotropin serum concentrations in high-risk surgical patients. Intensive Care Med. 30, 1127-1133 (2004)
35. G. Van den Berghe, F. de Zegher, Anterior pituitary function during critical illness and dopamine treatment. Crit. Care Med. 24, 1580-1590 (1996)
36. G. Van den Berghe, F. de Zegher, P. Lauwers, Dopamine and the sick euthyroid syndrome in critical illness. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) 41, 731-737 (1994)
37. E. Bennett-Guerrero, J.L. Jimenez, W.D. White, E.B. D'Amico, B.I. Baldwin, D.A. Schwinn, Cardiovascular effects of intravenous triiodothyronine in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Duke T3 study group. JAMA 275, 687-692 (1996)
38. G.A. Brent, J.M. Hershman, Thyroxine therapy in patients with severe nonthyroidal illnesses and low serum thyroxine concentration. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 63, 1-8 (1986)
39. R.A. Becker, G.M. Vaughan, M.G. Ziegler, L.G. Seraile, I.W. Goldfarb, E.H. Mansour, W.F. McManus, B.A. Pruitt Jr., A.D. Mason Jr., Hypermetabolic low triiodothyronine syndrome of burn injury. Crit. Care Med. 10, 870-875 (1982)
40. J.D. Klemperer, I. Klein, M. Gomez, R.E. Helm, K. Ojamaa, S.J. Thomas, O.W. Isom, K. Krieger, Thyroid hormone treatment after coronary-artery bypass surgery. N. Engl. J. Med. 333, 1522-1527 (1995)
41. G. Van den Berghe, R.C. Baxter, F. Weekers, P. Wouters, C.Y. Bowers, A. Iranmanesh, J.D. Veldhuis, R. Bouillon, The combined administration of GH-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2), TRH and GnRH to men with prolonged critical illness evokes superior endocrine and metabolic effects compared to treatment with GHRP-2 alone. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) 56, 655-669 (2002)