Narratives and Network Organization: A Comparison of Fair Trade Systems in Two Nations;Narratifs et organisation en réseau: une comparaison des systèmes de commerce équitable de deux pays

Journal of Communication

Volumn 61, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 219-245

  Bennett, W Lance ^a   Foot, Kirsten ^a   Xenos, Michael ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMUNICATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; NETWORK ANALYSIS; SOCIAL MOVEMENT; SOCIAL ORGANIZATION; STRATEGIC APPROACH;

UNITED KINGDOM; UNITED STATES;

EID: 79953318007     PISSN: 00219916     EISSN: 14602466     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01538.x     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Arquilla, J., & Ronfeldt, D. (1996). The advent of netwar. Santa Monica, CA. Rand.
2. Barzilai-Nahon, K. (2008). Towards a theory of network gatekeeping: A framework for exploring information control. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 59(9), 1493-1512.
3. Barzilai-Nahon, K. (2009). Gatekeeping: A critical review. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 43, 433-478.
4. Bearman, P. S., & Stovel, K. (2000). Becoming a Nazi: A model for narrative networks. Poetics, 27, 69-90.
5. Benford, R. D., & Snow, D. A. (2000). Framing processes and social movements: An overview and assessment. Annual Review of Sociology, 26, 611-639.
6. Bennett, W. L. (2003). Communicating global activism: Strengths and vulnerabilities of networked politics. Information, Communication & Society, 6(2), 143-168.
7. Bennett, W. L., Foot, K., Werbel, L., & Xenos, M. (2007, May). Strategic conflicts in advocacy networks: How narrative frames shape relations among US and UK fair trade organizations. Paper delivered at the 57th Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, San Francisco, CA.
8. Bennett, W. L., Lawrence, R. G., & Livingston, S. (2007). When the press fails: Political power and the news media from Iraq to Katrina. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
9. Bennett, W. L., & Toft, A. (2009). Identity, technology and narratives: Transnational activism and social networks. In P. N. Howard & A. Chadwick (Eds.), The handbook of Internet politics (pp. 246-260). New York: Routledge.
10. Boje, D. M., Luhman, J. T., & Baack, D. E. (1999). Hegemonic stories and encounters between storytelling organizations. Journal of Management Inquiry, 8, 340-360.
11. Borgatti, S. P., Everett, M. G., & Freeman, L. C. (2004). UCINET, Version 6.0. Columbia, SC: Analytic Technology.
12. Burt, R. (1992). Structural holes: The social structure of competition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
13. Czarniawska, B. (1998). A narrative approach to organization studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
14. Czarniawska, B., & Joerges, B. (1996). Travels of ideas. In B. Czarniawska & G. Sevon (Eds.), Translating organizational change (pp. 13-48). New York: Walter de Gruyter.
15. Eliasoph, N. (1998). Avoiding politics: How Americans produce apathy in everyday life. New York: Cambridge University Press.
16. Entman, R. M. (1991). Framing United States coverage of international news: Contrasts in narratives of the Kal and Iran Air incidents. Journal of Communication, 41(4), 6-27.
17. Fairtrade Foundation. (2007). Retrieved from http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/.
18. Freeman, L. C. (1979). Centrality in social networks. I. Conceptual clarification. Social Networks, 1, 215-239.
19. Fulk, J., Flanagin, A. J., Kalman, M., Monge, P. R., & Ryan, T. (1996). Connective and communal public goods in interactive communication systems. Communication Theory, 6, 60-87.
20. Garton, L., Haythornthwaite, C., and Wellman, B. (1997). Studying online social networks. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3(1). Retrieved from.
21. Hanneman, R. A. (2005). Introduction to social network methods. Retrieved from.
22. Jackson, M. (1997). Assessing the Structure of the Communication on the World Wide Web. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3(1). Retrieved from.
23. Jaffee, D. (2007). Brewing justice: Fair trade coffee, sustainability, and survival. Berkeley: University of California Press.
24. Krackhardt, D., & Porter, L. W. (1986). The snowball effect: Turnover embedded in communication networks. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 50-55.
25. Krier, J. M. (2005). Fair trade in Europe 2005. Brussels, Belgium: Fair Trade Advocacy Office.
26. Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network-theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
27. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science: Selected theoretical papers. New York: Harper.
28. Linton, A., Liou, C. C., & Shaw, K. A. (2004). A taste of trade justice: Marketing global responsibility via fair trade coffee. Globalizations, 1, 223-246.
29. McAdam, D. T., Tarrow, S., & Tilly, C. (2001). Dynamics of contention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
30. Mische, A. (2003). Cross-talk in movements: Reconceiving the culture-network link. In M. Diani & D. McAdam (Eds.), Social movements and networks: Relational approaches to collective action (pp. 258-280). New York: Oxford University Press.
31. Monge, P., & Contractor, N. (2003). Theories of communication networks. New York: Oxford University Press.
32. Monge, P., Heiss, B. M., & Margolin, D. B. (2008). Communication network evolution in organizational communities. Communication Theory, 18, 449-477.
33. Monge, P., & Poole, M. S. (2008). The evolution of organizational communication. Journal of Communication, 58(4), 679-692.
34. Nicholls, A., & Opal, C. (2005). Fair trade: Market-driven ethical consumption. London: Sage.
35. Park, H. W., & Thelwall, M. (2003). Hyperlink analyses of the world wide web: A review. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 8(4). Retrieved from
36. Pentland, B. T., & Feldman, M. S. (2007). Narrative networks: Patterns of technology and organization. Unpublished paper.
37. Polletta, F. (1998). "It was like a fever ..." narrative and identity in social protest. Social Problems, 45, 137-159.
38. Polletta, F. (2006). It was like a fever: Storytelling in protest and politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
39. *) models for social networks. Social Networks, 29(2), 173-191.
40. Robins, G., Pattison, P., & Woolcock, J. (2005). Small and other worlds: Global network structures from local processes. American Journal of Sociology, 110(4), 894-936.
41. Rodgers, T. (2004). Small coffee brewers try to redefine fair trade. Christian Science Monitor (April 13). Retrieved from.
42. Rogers, R. (2004). Information politics on the web. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
43. Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects. Journal of Communication, 49(1), 103-122.
44. Shumate, M., Bryant, J. A., & Monge, P. R. (2005). Storytelling and globalization: The complex narratives of netwar. Emergence: Complexity and Organization, 7, 74-84.
45. Shumate, M., Fulk, J., & Monge, P. (2005). Predictors of the international HIV-AIDS INGO network over time. Human Communication Research, 31(4), 482-510.
46. Snow, D. A., & Benford, R. D. (1988). Ideology, frame resonance, and participant mobilization. In B. Klandermans, H. Kriesi, & S. Tarrow (Eds.), From structure to action: Comparing social movements research across cultures (Vol. 1, pp. 197-217). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
47. Snow, D. A., Vliegenthart, R., & Corrigall-Brown, C. (2007). Framing the French riots: A comparative study of frame variation. Social Forces, 86(2), 385-415.
48. Stohl, C., & Stohl, M. (2005). Human rights, nation states, and NGOs: Structural holes and the emergence of global regimes. Communication Monographs, 72(4), 442-467.
49. Taylor, J. R., & van Every, E. (2000). The emergent organization: Communication as its site and surface. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
50. Trade Justice Movement. (2007). Retrieved from.
51. Transfair USA. (2007). Retrieved from.
52. Varnon, A. (2003). Here come the coffee cops. Valley Advocate, October 16. Retrieved from.
53. Walker, J. (2004). Distributed narrative: Telling stories across networks. Paper presented at the Association of Internet Researchers. Retrieved from.
54. * exponential random graph models. Melbourne, Australia: Department of Psychology/School of Behavioural Science.
55. Wasserman, S., & Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications. New York, Cambridge University Press.
56. Weick, K. E. (1995). Sensemaking in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
57. Xenos, M., & Foot, K. (2008). Not your father's Internet: The generation gap in online politics. In W.L. Bennett (Ed.), The digital citizen: How information and communication technologies can engage youth in public life (pp. 51-70). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.