Inducements, contributions, and fulfillment in new employee psychological contracts

Human Resource Management

Volumn 50, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 201-226

  Lee, Cynthia ^a,b   Liu, Jun ^c   Rousseau, Denise M ^d   Hui, Chun ^e   Chen, Zhen Xiong ^f  

^a NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

^c RENMIN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA   (China)

^d CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^f AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Inducement contributions; Longitudinal study; Psychological contracts

Indexed keywords

EID: 79953122890     PISSN: 00904848     EISSN: 1099050X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hrm.20415     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Eds.), Advances in experimental social psychology: Vol. 2 (pp. 267-299). New York: Academic Press.
2. Aselage, J., & Eisenberger, R. (2003). Perceived organizational support and psychological contracts: A theoretical integration. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(5), 491-509. doi:10.1002/job.211
3. Bies, R. J. (1987). Beyond "voice": The influence of decision-maker justification and sincerity on procedural fairness judgments. Representative Research in Social Psychology, 17, 3-14.
4. Bock, G. W., Zmud, R. W., Kim, Y. G., & Lee, J. N. (2005). Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social psychological forces, and organizational climate. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 87-111.
5. Chen, C. C. (1995). New trends in reward allocation preferences: A Sino-US comparison. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 408-428. doi:10.2307/256686
6. Clark, M. S., & Reis, H. T. (1988). Interpersonal processes in close relationships. Annual Review of Psychology, 39, 609-672. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.39.1.609
7. Conway, N., & Briner, R. (2005). Understanding psychological contracts at work. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
8. Coyle-Shapiro, J. A.-M., & Conway, N. (2005). Exchange relationships: Examining psychological contracts and perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(4), 774-781. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.90.4.774
9. Coyle-Shapiro, J. A.-M., & Shore, L. M. (2007). The employee-organization relationship: Where do we go from here?. Human Resource Management Review, 17(2), 166-179.
10. Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334. doi:10.1007/BF02310555
11. Dabos, G. E., & Rousseau, D. M. (2004a). Mutuality and reciprocity in the psychological contracts of employees and employers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(1), 52-72. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.89.1.52
12. Dabos, G. E., & Rousseau, D. M. (2004b). Social interaction patterns shaping employee psychological contracts: Network-wide and local effects. In K. M. Weaver (Ed.), Best Paper Proceedings of 64th Academy of Management Conference: Creating Actionable Knowledge (pp. N1-N6). Glassboro, NJ: Academy of Management.
13. De Vos, A., Buyens, D., & Schalk, R. (2003). Psychological contract development during organizational socialization: Adaptation to reality and the role of reciprocity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(5), 537-559. doi:10.1002/job.205
14. Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001). Reciprocation of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 42-51. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.42
15. Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500-507. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500
16. Eisenberger, R., Jones, J. R., Aselage, J., & Sucharski, I. L. (2004). Perceived organizational support. In J. A.-M. Coyle-Shapiro, L. M. Shore, M. S. Taylor, & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), The employment relationship: Examining psychological and contextual perspectives (pp. 206-225). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
17. Eisner, S. P. (2005). Managing Generation Y. S.A.M. Advanced Management Journal, 70(4), 4-15.
18. Fox, A. (2007, September). China: Land of opportunity and challenge. HR Magazine, pp. 38-44.
19. Francis-Smith, J. (2004, August 26). Surviving and thriving in the multigenerational workplace. The Journal Record (Oklahoma City, OK). Retrieved from
20. Goodman, J., & Blum, T. (1996). Assessing the non-random sampling effects of subject attrition in longitudinal research. Journal of Management, 22(4), 627-652. doi:10.1177/014920639602200405
21. Gouldner, A. W. (1964). Patterns of industrial bureaucracy. New York, NY: Free Press.
22. Guest, D. E., & Conway, N. (2002). Communicating the psychological contract: An employer perspective. Human Resources Management Journal, 12(2), 22-38. doi:10.1111/j.1748-8583.2002.tb00062.x
23. Gundry, L. R., & Rousseau, D. M. (1994). Critical incidents in communicating culture to newcomers: The meaning is the message. Human Relations, 47(9), 1065-1088. doi:10.1177/001872679404700903
24. Guzzo, R. A., Noonan, K. A., & Elron, E. (1994). Expatriate managers and the psychological contract. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 600-608. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.79.4.617
25. Ho, V. T., & Levesque, L. L. (2005). With a little help from my friends (and substitutes): Social referents and influence in psychological contract fulfillment. Organization Science, 16(3), 275-290. doi:10.1287/orsc.1050.0121
26. Hotelling, H. (1931). The generalization of student's ratio. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 2, 360-378.
27. Hui, C., Law, K. S., & Chen, Z. X. (1999). A structural equation model of the effects of negative affectivity, leader-member exchange and perceived job mobility on in-role and extra-role performance: A Chinese case. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 77(1), 3-21. doi:10.1006/obhd.1998.2812
28. Hui, C., Lee, C., & Rousseau, D. M. (2004). Psychological contract and organizational citizenship behavior in China: Investigating generalizability and instrumentality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(2), 311-321. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.89.2.311
29. Johnson, R. E., Chang, C. H., & Lord, R. G. (2006). Moving from cognition to behavior: What the research says. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 381-415. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.381
30. Lambert, L. S., Edwards, J. R., & Cable, D. M. (2003). Breach and fulfillment of psychological contract: A comparison of traditional and expanded views. Personnel Psychology, 56(4), 895-934. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2003.tb00244.x
31. Lawler, J. J. (1990). Strategic pay: Aligning organizational strategies and pay systems. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
32. Lazear, E. P. (1981). Agency earnings profiles, productivity, and hours restrictions. American Economic Review, 71(4), 606-620.
33. Liang, X. W., Liao, J. Q., & Zeng, Q. H. (2005). Job involvement and performance of organizational employees: An extension and examination of turnover model (in Chinese). Management World, 7, 105-124.
34. MacKenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., & Fetter, R. (1993). The impact of organizational citizenship behavior on evaluations of salesperson performance. Journal of Marketing, 57, 70-80. doi:10.2307/1252058
35. March, J. G., & Simon, H. A. (1958). Organizations. New York, NY: Wiley.
36. Miller, D. J., Giacobbe-Miller, J. K., & Zhang, W. J. (1998). A comparative study of Chinese and U.S. distributive justice values, goals, and allocative behaviors. In J. C. Cheng & R. B. Peterson (Eds.), Advances in international comparative management: Vol. 12 (pp. 185-206). Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
37. Morrison, E. W. (1993a). Longitudinal study of the effects of information seeking on newcomer socialization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(2), 173-183. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.78.2.173
38. Morrison, E. W. (1993b). Newcomer information seeking: Exploring types, modes, sources, and outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 36(3), 557-589. doi:10.2307/256592
39. Organ, D. W. (1990). The motivational bases of organizational citizenship behavior. In L. L. Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior: Vol. 12 (pp. 43-72). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
40. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
41. Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698-714. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
42. Ritter, J. A., & Taylor, L. J. (2000). Are employees stakeholders? Corporate finance meets the agency problem. In C. R. Leana & D. M. Rousseau (Eds.), Relational wealth: The advantages of stability in a changing economy (pp. 49-61). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
43. Robinson, S. L. (1996). Trust and breach of the psychological contract. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 574-599. doi:10.2307/2393868
44. Robinson, S. L., Kraatz, M. S., & Rousseau, D. M. (1994). Changing obligations and the psychological contract: A longitudinal study. Academy of Management Journal, 37(1), 137-152. doi:10.2307/256773
45. Robinson, S. L., & Morrison, E. W. (2000). The development of psychological contract breach and violation: A longitudinal study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(5), 526-546. doi:10.1002/1099-1379(200008)21:5<525::AID-JOB40>3.0.CO;2-T
46. Robinson, S. L., & Rousseau, D. M. (1994). Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15(3), 245-259. doi:10.1002/job.4030150306
47. Rousseau, D. M. (1995). Psychological contracts in organizations: Understanding written and unwritten agreements. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
48. Rousseau, D. M. (2000). Psychological contract inventory (Technical Report, Version 2). Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University.
49. Rousseau, D. M. (2001). Schema, promise, and mutuality: The building blocks of the psychological contract. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 74(4), 511-541. doi:10.1348/096317901167505
50. Rousseau, D. M. (2005). I-deals: Idiosyncratic deals employees negotiate for themselves. New York, NY: M. E. Sharpe.
51. Rousseau, D. M. (2010). The individual-organization relationship: Psychological contracts. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology: Vol. 3, Maintaining, Expanding, and Contracting the Organization (pp. 191-220). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/12171-005
52. Rousseau, D. M., Hornung, S., & Kim, T. G. (2009). Testing idiosyncratic deal propositions: Timing, content, and the employment relationship. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(3), 338-348. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2009.02.004
53. Rousseau, D. M., & Tijoriwala, S. (1998). Assessing the psychological contract. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 679-698. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(1998)19:1-<679::AID-JOB971>3.0.CO;2-N
54. Rusbult, C. E., & Farrell, D. (1983). A longitudinal test of the investment model: The impact on job satisfaction, job commitment, and turnover of variations in rewards, costs, alternatives, and investments. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(3), 429-438. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.68.3.429
55. Schneider, B. (1987). The people make the place. Personnel Psychology, 40(3), 437-453. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1987.tb00609.x
56. Settoon, R. P., Bennett, N., & Liden, R. C. (1996). Social exchange in organizations: Perceived organizational support, leader-member exchange, and employee reciprocity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(3), 219-227. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.3.219
57. Shore, L., & Tetrick, L. E. (1994). The psychological contract as an explanatory framework in the employment relationship. In C. L. Cooper & D. M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in organizational behavior: Vol. 1 (pp. 91-109). Chichester, England: Wiley.
58. Shore, L., Tetrick, L. E., Taylor, M. S., Coyle-Shapiro, J. A-M., Liden, R. C., McLean Parks, J., ... Van Dyne, L. (2004). The employee-organization relationship: A timely concept in a period of transition. In J. Martocchio & G. Ferris (Eds.), Research in personnel and human resources management: Vol. 23 (pp. 291-370). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier.
59. Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. In S. Leinhart (Ed.), Sociological methodology (pp. 290-312). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
60. Sutton, G., & Griffin, M. A. (2004). Integrating expectations, experiences, and psychological contract violations. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 77(4), 493-514. doi:10.1348/0963179042596487
61. Thomas, H. D. C., & Anderson, N. (1998). Changes in newcomers' psychological contracts during organizational socialization: A study of recruits entering the British Army. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 745-767. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(1998)19:1-<745::AID-JOB967>3.0.CO;2-I
62. Tomprou, M. (2010). A diary study of newcomer experiences in the development of the psychology contract. (Unpublished manuscript), Athens, Greece: Athens University of Economics and Business.
63. Tsui, A. S., Pearce, J. L., Porter, L. W., & Tripoli, A. M. (1997). Alternative approaches to the employee-organizational relationship: Does investment in employees pay off? Academy of Management Journal, 40(5), 1089-1121.
64. Turnley, W. H., Bolino, M. C., Lester, S. W., & Bloodgood, J. M. (2003). The impact of psychological contract fulfillment on the performance of in-role and organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Management, 29(2), 187-206. doi:10.1177/014920630302900204
65. Uhl-Bien, M., & Maslyn, J. M. (2003). Reciprocity in manager-subordinate relationships: Components, configurations, and outcomes. Journal of Management, 29(4), 511-532. doi:10.1016/S0149-2063-03-00023-0
66. Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. New York, NY: Wiley.
67. Wanous, J. P. (1980). Organizational entry: Recruitment, selection, and socialization of newcomers. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
68. Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17(3), 601-617. doi:10.1177/014920639101700305
69. Wu, J. B., Hom, P. W., Tetrick, L. E., Shore, L. M., Jia, L., Li, C., & Song, L. S. (2006). The norm of reciprocity: Scale development and validation in the Chinese context. Management and Organization Review, 2(3), 377-402. doi:10.1111/j.1740-8784.2006.00047.x