The effects of changing land use and browsing on aspen abundance and regeneration: A 50-year perspective from Sweden

Journal of Applied Ecology

Volumn 48, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 301-309

  Edenius, Lars ^a   Ericsson, Göran ^a   Kempe, Göran ^a   Bergström, Roger ^a,b   Danell, Kjell ^a  

^a SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

^b THE FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF SWEDEN   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Abundance; Aspen; Browsing; Conservation; Demographics; Disturbance; Forestry; Spatial scale; Species; Ungulates

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; BROWSING; CLEARCUTTING; CLONE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; DEER; DISTURBANCE; EUROPEAN UNION; FOREST FIRE; KEYSTONE SPECIES; LAND USE CHANGE; LIVESTOCK; POPULATION GROWTH; RECRUITMENT (POPULATION DYNAMICS); REGENERATION; SPECIES CONSERVATION; THINNING;

SWEDEN;

ALCES ALCES; POPULUS TREMULA; UNGULATA;

EID: 79952615740     PISSN: 00218901     EISSN: 13652664     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01923.x     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Ahti, T., Hämet-Ahti, L. & Jalas, J. (1968) Vegetation zones and their sections in northwesten Europe. Annales Botanici Fennici, 5, 169-211.
2. Ahlén, I. (1975) Winter habitats of moose and deer in relation to land use in Scandinavia. Viltrevy, 9, 45-192.
3. Angelstam, P., Wikberg, P.-E., Danilov, P., Faber, W.E. & Nygrén, K. (2000) Effects of moose density on timber quality and biodiversity restoration in Sweden, Finland, and Russian Karelia. Alces, 36, 133-145.
4. Anonymous (2002) Skogsdata 2002, Tema ungskogar. Official data about Swedish' forests from the National Forest inventory. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå.
5. Anonymous (2005) Svenskt jordbruk i siffror 1800-2004. Statistik från Jordbruksverket, Rapport 2005:6. (25.10.2009).
6. Barnes, B.V. (1966) The clonal growth habit of American aspens. Ecology, 47, 439-447.
7. Bärring, U. (1988) On the reproduction of aspen (Populus tremula L.) with emphasis on its suckering ability. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 3, 229-240.
8. Bergström, R. & Hjeljord, O. (1987) Moose and vegetation interactions in Northwestern Europe and Poland. Swedish Wildlife Research, Supplement, 1, 213-228.
9. Breiman, L., Friedman, J.H., Olshen, R.A. & Stone, C.I. (1984) Classification and Regression Trees. Chapman & Hall, Belmont, California, USA.
10. Ball, J. P., Ericsson, G. & Wallin, K. (1999) Climate change, moose and their human predators. Ecological Bulletins, 47, 178-187.
11. Caswell, H., (1989) Matrix Population Models. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
12. Cederlund, G. & Markgren, G. (1987) The development of the Swedish moose population, 1970-1983. Swedish Wildlife Research, Supplement 1, 1, 55-61.
13. Crawley, M. J. (2002) Statistical Computing. Wiley, Chichester.
14. de Chantal, M. & Granström, A. (2007) Aggregations of dead wood after wildfire act as browsing refugia for seedlings of Populus tremula and Salix caprea. Forest Ecology and Management, 250, 3-8.
15. Edenius, L. & Ericsson, G. (2007) Aspen demographics in relation to spatial context and ungulate browsing: implications for conservation and forest management. Biological Conservation, 135, 293-301.
16. Edenius, L., Bergman, M., Ericsson, G. & Danell, K. (2002) The role of moose as a disturbance factor in managed boreal forests. Silva Fennica, 36, 57-67.
17. Edenius, L., Ericsson, G. & Näslund, P. (2002) Selectivity by moose vs the spatial distribution of aspen: a natural experiment. Ecography, 25, 289-294.
18. Eiberle, K. (1975) Results of a simulation of game damage by cutting the shoots. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen, 126, 821-839.
19. Ekelund, H. & Hamilton, G. (2001) Skogspolitisk historia. Skogsstyrelsen, Rapport nr 8A. (In Swedish)
20. Ericsson, G., Edenius, L. & Sundström, D. (2001) Factors affecting browsing by moose (Alces alces L.) on European aspen (Populus tremula L.) in a managed boreal landscape. Ecoscience, 8, 344-349.
21. FSC (2009) Forestry Stewardship Council. (25.10.2009).
22. Gordon, I. J., Hester, A. J. & Festa-Bianchet, M. (2004) The management of wild large herbivores to meet economic, conservation and environmental objectives. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41, 1021-1031.
23. den Herder, M., Kouki, J. & Ruusila, V. (2009) The effects of timber harvest, forest fire, and herbivores on regeneration of deciduous trees in boreal pine-dominated forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 39, 712-722.
24. Hessl, A.E. & Graumlich, L.J. (2002) Interactive effects of human activities, herbivory and fire on quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) age structure in western Wyoming. Journal of Biogeography, 29, 889-902.
25. Huenneke, L. & Marks, P. L. (1987) Stem dynamics of the shrub Alnus incana ssp. rugosa: transition matrix models. Ecology, 68, 1234-1242.
26. Jelinski, D. E. & Fisher, L. J. (1991) Spatial variability in the nutrient composition of Populus tremuloides: clone-to-clone differences and implications for cervids. Oecologia, 88, 116-124.
27. Kay, C. E. (1997) Is aspen doomed? Journal of Forestry, 95, 4-11.
28. Kay, C. E. (1993) Aspen seedlings in recently burned areas of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks. Northwest Science, 67, 94-104.
29. Kouki, J., Arnold, K. & Martikainen, P. (2004) Long-term persistence of aspen - a key host for many threatened species - is endangered in old-growth conservation areas in Finland. Journal for Nature Conservation, 12, 41-52.
30. Kuijper, D.P.J., Cromsigt, J.P.G.M., Churski, M., Adam, B., Jedrzejewska, B. & Jedrzejewska, W. (2009) Do ungulates preferentially feed in forest gaps in European temperate forest? Forest Ecology and Management, 258, 1528-1535.
31. Kwit, C., Horwitz, C.C. & Platt, W.J. (2004) Conserving slow-growing, long-lived tree species; input from the demography of a rare understory conifer, Taxus floridana. Conservation Biology, 18, 432-443.
32. Latva-Karjanmaa, T., Penttilä, R. & Siitonen, J. (2007) The demographic structure of European aspen (Populus tremula) populations in managed and old-growth forests in eastern Finland. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 37, 1070-1081.
33. Lavsund, S., Nygrén, T. & Solberg, E. J. (2003) Status of moose populations and challenges to moose management in Fennoscandia. Alces, 39, 109-130.
34. Linder, P., Elving, B. & Zackrisson, O. (1997) Stand structure and successional trends in virgin boreal reserves in Sweden. Forest Ecology and Management, 98, 17-33.
35. Martikainen, P. (2001) Conservation of threatened saproxylic beetles: significance of retained aspen Populus tremula on clearcut areas. Ecological Bulletins, 49, 205-218.
36. Milner, J. M., Bonenfant, C., Mysterud, A., Gaillard, J. -M., Csányi, S. & Stenseth, N. C. (2006) Temporal and spatial development of red deer harvesting in Europe: biological and cultural factors. Journal of Applied Ecology, 43, 721-734.
37. Näslund, B.-Å. (1986) Simulation of Damage and Mortality in Young Stands and Associated Stand Development Effects. Department of Silviculture, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 147 pp.
38. Niklasson, M. & Granström, A. (2000) Numbers and sizes of fires: long-term spatially explicit fire history in a Swedish boreal landscape. Ecology, 81, 1484-1499.
39. Peterson, C.J. & Jones, R.H. (1997) Clonality in woody plants: a review and comparison with clonal herbs. The Ecology and Evolution of Clonal Plants (eds H. de Kroon & J. van Groenendael ), pp. 263-289. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
40. Pinheiro, J.C. & Bates, D.M. (2000) Mixed-effect Models in S and S-Plus. Springer, New York, USA.
41. Romme, W.H., Turner, M.G., Tuskan, G.A. & Reed, R.A. (2005) Establishment, persistence, and growth of aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings in Yellowstone National Park. Ecology, 86, 404-418.
42. Rooney, T. P., McCormick, R. J., Solheim, S. L. & Waller, D. M. (2000) Regional variation in recruitment of hemlock seedlings and saplings in the Upper Great Lakes. Ecological Applications, 10, 1119-1132.
43. Seiler, A. (2005) Predicting locations of moose-vehicle collisions in Sweden. Journal of Applied Ecology, 42, 371-382.
44. Shepperd, W.D., Bartos, D.L. & Mata, A. (2001) Above- and below-ground effects of aspen clonal regeneration and succession to conifers. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 31, 739-745.
45. Solberg, E. J, Sæther, B.-E., Strand, O. & Loison, A. (1999) Dynamics of a harvested moose population in a variable environment. Journal of Animal Ecology, 68, 186-204.
46. Strand, E. K., Vierling, L. A., Bunting, S. C. & Gessler, P. E. (2009) Quantifying successional rates in western aspen woodlands: current conditions, future predictions. Forest Ecology and Management, 257, 1705-1715.
47. Suvanto, L. I. & Latva-Karjanmaa, T. B. (2005) Clone identification and clonal structure of the European aspen (Populus tremula). Molecular Ecology, 14, 2851-2860.
48. Tikkanen, O.-P., Martikainen, P., Hyvärinen, E., Junninen, K. & Kouki, J. (2006) Red-listed boreal forest species of Finland: associations with forest structure, tree species, and decaying wood. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 43, 373-383.
49. Watson, A. (2003) Aspen - boreal symbol. Taiga News, 42, 5.
50. Worral, J. J., Egeland, L., Eager, T., Mask, R. A., Johnson, E. W., Kemp, P. A. & Shepperd, W. D. (2008) Rapid mortality of Populus tremuloides in southwestern Colorado, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 255, 686-696.
51. Worrel, R. (1995) European aspen (Populus tremula L.): a review with particular reference to Scotland I: Distribution, ecology and genetic variation. Forestry (Oxf.), 68, 93-105.
52. Zackrisson, O. (1977) Influence of forest fires on north Swedish boreal forests. Oikos, 29, 22-32.
53. Zakrisson, C., Ericsson, G. & Edenius, L. (2007) Effects of browsing on recruitment and mortality of European aspen (Populus tremula L.). Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 22, 324-332.