메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 174, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 369-386

The use of propensity scores to assess the generalizability of results from randomized trials

Author keywords

'Positive behavioral interventions and supports'; Causal inference; External validity; Research synthesis

Indexed keywords


EID: 79952586276     PISSN: 09641998     EISSN: 1467985X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-985X.2010.00673.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (453)

References (61)
  • 1
    • 41149162182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maryland state-wide PBIS initiative: systems, evaluation, and next steps
    • and .
    • Barrett, S., Bradshaw, C. and Lewis-Palmer, T. (2008) Maryland state-wide PBIS initiative: systems, evaluation, and next steps. J. Pos. Behav. Intervens, 10, 105-114.
    • (2008) J. Pos. Behav. Intervens , vol.10 , pp. 105-114
    • Barrett, S.1    Bradshaw, C.2    Lewis-Palmer, T.3
  • 2
    • 67349096797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altering school climate through school-wise Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports: findings from a group-randomized effectiveness trial
    • and .
    • Bradshaw, C. P., Koth, C. W., Thornton, L. A. and Leaf, P. J. (2009) Altering school climate through school-wise Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports: findings from a group-randomized effectiveness trial. Prevn Sci., 10, 100-115.
    • (2009) Prevn Sci. , vol.10 , pp. 100-115
    • Bradshaw, C.P.1    Koth, C.W.2    Thornton, L.A.3    Leaf, P.J.4
  • 3
    • 77953997124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examining the effects of Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on student outcomes: results from a randomized controlled effectiveness trial in elementary schools
    • and .
    • Bradshaw, C., Mitchell, M. and Leaf, P. (2010) Examining the effects of Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on student outcomes: results from a randomized controlled effectiveness trial in elementary schools. J. Pos. Behav. Intervens, 12, 133-148.
    • (2010) J. Pos. Behav. Intervens , vol.12 , pp. 133-148
    • Bradshaw, C.1    Mitchell, M.2    Leaf, P.3
  • 5
    • 42049112459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for testing theory and evaluating impact in randomized field trials: intent-to-treat analyses for integrating the perspectives of person, place, and time
    • and the Prevention Science Methodology Group
    • Brown, C. H., Wang, W., Kellam, S. G., Muthen, B., Petras, H., Toyinbo, P., Poduska, J., Ialongo, N., Wyman, P. A., Chamberlain, P., Sloboda, Z., MacKinnon, D. P., Windham, A. and the Prevention Science Methodology Group (2008) Methods for testing theory and evaluating impact in randomized field trials: intent-to-treat analyses for integrating the perspectives of person, place, and timeDrug Alc. Depend., 95, S74-S104.
    • (2008) Drug Alc. Depend. , vol.95
    • Brown, C.H.1    Wang, W.2    Kellam, S.G.3    Muthen, B.4    Petras, H.5    Toyinbo, P.6    Poduska, J.7    Ialongo, N.8    Wyman, P.A.9    Chamberlain, P.10    Sloboda, Z.11    MacKinnon, D.P.12    Windham, A.13
  • 6
    • 0000756624 scopus 로고
    • Factors relevant to the validity of experiments in social settings
    • Campbell, D. T. (1957) Factors relevant to the validity of experiments in social settings. Psychol. Bull., 54, 297-312.
    • (1957) Psychol. Bull. , vol.54 , pp. 297-312
    • Campbell, D.T.1
  • 7
    • 0000057576 scopus 로고
    • Controlling bias in observational studies: a review
    • and .
    • Cochran, W. G. and Rubin, D. B. (1973) Controlling bias in observational studies: a review. Sankhya A, 35, 417-446.
    • (1973) Sankhya A , vol.35 , pp. 417-446
    • Cochran, W.G.1    Rubin, D.B.2
  • 8
    • 78651467125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalizing evidence from randomized clinical trials to target populations: the ACTG-320 trial
    • and .
    • Cole, S. R. and Stuart, E. A. (2010) Generalizing evidence from randomized clinical trials to target populations: the ACTG-320 trial. Am. J. Epidem., 172, 107-115.
    • (2010) Am. J. Epidem. , vol.172 , pp. 107-115
    • Cole, S.R.1    Stuart, E.A.2
  • 10
    • 60449109157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Web survey methods: introduction
    • and .
    • Couper, M. P. and Miller, P. V. (2008) Web survey methods: introduction. Publ. Opin. Q., 72, 831-835.
    • (2008) Publ. Opin. Q. , vol.72 , pp. 831-835
    • Couper, M.P.1    Miller, P.V.2
  • 12
    • 0022894982 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and effectiveness trials (and other phases of research) in the development of health promotion programs
    • Flay, B. R. (1986) Efficacy and effectiveness trials (and other phases of research) in the development of health promotion programs. Prevn Med., 15, 451-474.
    • (1986) Prevn Med. , vol.15 , pp. 451-474
    • Flay, B.R.1
  • 14
    • 65249113289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The calibration of treatment effects from clinical trials to target populations
    • Frangakis, C. E. (2009) The calibration of treatment effects from clinical trials to target populations. Clin. Trials, 6, 136-140.
    • (2009) Clin. Trials , vol.6 , pp. 136-140
    • Frangakis, C.E.1
  • 15
    • 30544434423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using RE-AIM metrics to evaulate diabetes self-management support interventions
    • and .
    • Glasgow, R. E., Nelson, C. C., Strycker, L. A. and King, D. E. (2006) Using RE-AIM metrics to evaulate diabetes self-management support interventions. Am. J. Prev. Med., 30, 67-73.
    • (2006) Am. J. Prev. Med. , vol.30 , pp. 67-73
    • Glasgow, R.E.1    Nelson, C.C.2    Strycker, L.A.3    King, D.E.4
  • 16
    • 42949164448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalizing from clinical trial data: a case study of the risk of suicidality among pediatric antidepressant users
    • and .
    • Greenhouse, J. B., Kaizar, E. E., Kelleher, K., Seltman, H. and Gardner, W. (2008) Generalizing from clinical trial data: a case study of the risk of suicidality among pediatric antidepressant users. Statist. Med., 27, 1801-1813.
    • (2008) Statist. Med. , vol.27 , pp. 1801-1813
    • Greenhouse, J.B.1    Kaizar, E.E.2    Kelleher, K.3    Seltman, H.4    Gardner, W.5
  • 17
    • 0037434599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the divergent data on post-menopausal hormone therapy
    • and .
    • Grodstein, F., Clarkson, T. and Manson, J. (2003) Understanding the divergent data on post-menopausal hormone therapy. New Engl. J. Med., 348, 645-650.
    • (2003) New Engl. J. Med. , vol.348 , pp. 645-650
    • Grodstein, F.1    Clarkson, T.2    Manson, J.3
  • 18
    • 58749085584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjustment for selection bias in observational studies with application to the analysis of autopsy data
    • and .
    • Haneuse, S., Schildcrout, J., Crane, P., Sonnen, J., Breitner, J. and Larson, E. (2009) Adjustment for selection bias in observational studies with application to the analysis of autopsy data. Neuroepidemiology, 32, 229-239.
    • (2009) Neuroepidemiology , vol.32 , pp. 229-239
    • Haneuse, S.1    Schildcrout, J.2    Crane, P.3    Sonnen, J.4    Breitner, J.5    Larson, E.6
  • 19
    • 4944238507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full matching in an observational study of coaching for the SAT
    • Hansen, B. B. (2004) Full matching in an observational study of coaching for the SAT. J. Am. Statist. Ass., 99, 609-618.
    • (2004) J. Am. Statist. Ass. , vol.99 , pp. 609-618
    • Hansen, B.B.1
  • 20
    • 44849091245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prognostic analogue of the propensity score
    • Hansen, B. B. (2008) The prognostic analogue of the propensity score. Biometrika, 95, 481-488.
    • (2008) Biometrika , vol.95 , pp. 481-488
    • Hansen, B.B.1
  • 22
    • 61449524241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observational studies analyzed like randomized experiments: an application to postmenopausal hormone therapy and coronary heart disease (with discussion)
    • and .
    • Hernán, M., Alonso, A., Logan, R., Grodstein, F., Michels, K., Willett, W., Manson, J. and Robins, J. (2008) Observational studies analyzed like randomized experiments: an application to postmenopausal hormone therapy and coronary heart disease (with discussion). Epidemiology, 19, 766-779.
    • (2008) Epidemiology , vol.19 , pp. 766-779
    • Hernán, M.1    Alonso, A.2    Logan, R.3    Grodstein, F.4    Michels, K.5    Willett, W.6    Manson, J.7    Robins, J.8
  • 23
    • 34249885738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matching as nonparametric preprocessing for reducing model dependence in parametric causal inference
    • and .
    • Ho, D. E., Imai, K., King, G. and Stuart, E. A. (2007) Matching as nonparametric preprocessing for reducing model dependence in parametric causal inference. Polit. Anal., 15, 199-236.
    • (2007) Polit. Anal. , vol.15 , pp. 199-236
    • Ho, D.E.1    Imai, K.2    King, G.3    Stuart, E.A.4
  • 24
    • 33748876160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating kindergarten retention policy: a case study of causal inference for multilevel observational data
    • and .
    • Hong, G. and Raudenbush, S. W. (2006) Evaluating kindergarten retention policy: a case study of causal inference for multilevel observational data. J. Am. Statist. Ass., 101, 901-910.
    • (2006) J. Am. Statist. Ass. , vol.101 , pp. 901-910
    • Hong, G.1    Raudenbush, S.W.2
  • 25
    • 67649547524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, wait-list controlled effectiveness trial assessing school-wide Positive Behavior Support in elementary schools
    • and .
    • Horner, R., Sugai, G., Smolkowski, K., Eber, L., Nakasato, J., Todd, A. and Esperanza, J. (2009) A randomized, wait-list controlled effectiveness trial assessing school-wide Positive Behavior Support in elementary schools. J. Pos. Behav. Intervens, 11, 133-144.
    • (2009) J. Pos. Behav. Intervens , vol.11 , pp. 133-144
    • Horner, R.1    Sugai, G.2    Smolkowski, K.3    Eber, L.4    Nakasato, J.5    Todd, A.6    Esperanza, J.7
  • 26
    • 84947396376 scopus 로고
    • A generalization of sampling without replacement from a finite universe
    • and .
    • Horvitz, D. and Thompson, D. (1952) A generalization of sampling without replacement from a finite universe. J. Am. Statist. Ass., 47, 663-685.
    • (1952) J. Am. Statist. Ass. , vol.47 , pp. 663-685
    • Horvitz, D.1    Thompson, D.2
  • 27
    • 40549104115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Misunderstandings between experimentalists and observationalists about causal inference
    • and .
    • Imai, K., King, G. and Stuart, E. A. (2008) Misunderstandings between experimentalists and observationalists about causal inference. J. R. Statist. Soc. A, 171, 481-502.
    • (2008) J. R. Statist. Soc. A , vol.171 , pp. 481-502
    • Imai, K.1    King, G.2    Stuart, E.A.3
  • 28
    • 30044450602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond efficacy: the STAR*D trial
    • Insel, T. R. (2006) Beyond efficacy: the STAR*D trial. Am. J. Psychiatr., 163, 5-7.
    • (2006) Am. J. Psychiatr. , vol.163 , pp. 5-7
    • Insel, T.R.1
  • 31
    • 0037945843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examining the role of implementation quality in school-based prevention using the PATHS curriculum
    • and .
    • Kam, C., Greenberg, M. and Walls, C. (2003) Examining the role of implementation quality in school-based prevention using the PATHS curriculum. Prevn Sci., 1, 55-63.
    • (2003) Prevn Sci. , vol.1 , pp. 55-63
    • Kam, C.1    Greenberg, M.2    Walls, C.3
  • 32
    • 46249131752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demystifying double robustness: a comparison of alternative strategies for estimating a population mean from incomplete data
    • and .
    • Kang, J. D. and Schafer, J. L. (2007) Demystifying double robustness: a comparison of alternative strategies for estimating a population mean from incomplete data. Statist. Sci., 22, 523-539.
    • (2007) Statist. Sci. , vol.22 , pp. 523-539
    • Kang, J.D.1    Schafer, J.L.2
  • 33
    • 67650723771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation-Checklist (TOCA-C): development and factor structure
    • and .
    • Koth, C., Bradshaw, C. and Leaf, P. (2009) Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation-Checklist (TOCA-C): development and factor structure. Measmnt Evaln Counsel. Devlpmnt, 42, 15-30.
    • (2009) Measmnt Evaln Counsel. Devlpmnt , vol.42 , pp. 15-30
    • Koth, C.1    Bradshaw, C.2    Leaf, P.3
  • 34
    • 4444230264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratification and weighting via the propensity score in estimation of causal treatment effects: a comparative study
    • and .
    • Lunceford, J. K. and Davidian, M. (2004) Stratification and weighting via the propensity score in estimation of causal treatment effects: a comparative study. Statist. Med., 23, 2937-2960.
    • (2004) Statist. Med. , vol.23 , pp. 2937-2960
    • Lunceford, J.K.1    Davidian, M.2
  • 36
    • 79952596869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bridging science and service: a report by the NIMH Council's clinical treatment and services research workgroup
    • National Institute of Mental Health. National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda. (Available from .)
    • National Institute of Mental Health (1999) Bridging science and service: a report by the NIMH Council's clinical treatment and services research workgroup. Technical Report. National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda. (Available from .)
    • (1999) Technical Report
  • 37
    • 58549096886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating bias correction in weighted proportional hazards regression
    • and .
    • Pan, Q. and Schaubel, D. E. (2009) Evaluating bias correction in weighted proportional hazards regression. Liftime Data Anal., 15, 120-146.
    • (2009) Liftime Data Anal. , vol.15 , pp. 120-146
    • Pan, Q.1    Schaubel, D.E.2
  • 38
    • 0028831227 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale randomized evidence: large, simple trials and overviews of trials
    • and .
    • Peto, R., Collins, R. and Gray, R. (1995) Large-scale randomized evidence: large, simple trials and overviews of trials. J. Clin. Epidem., 48, 23-40.
    • (1995) J. Clin. Epidem. , vol.48 , pp. 23-40
    • Peto, R.1    Collins, R.2    Gray, R.3
  • 39
    • 0034736553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hierarchical models in generalized synthesis of evidence: an example based on studies of breast cancer screening
    • and .
    • Prevost, T. C., Abrams, K. R. and Jones, D. R. (2000) Hierarchical models in generalized synthesis of evidence: an example based on studies of breast cancer screening. Statist. Med., 19, 3359-3376.
    • (2000) Statist. Med. , vol.19 , pp. 3359-3376
    • Prevost, T.C.1    Abrams, K.R.2    Jones, D.R.3
  • 40
    • 0000180788 scopus 로고
    • A characterization of optimal designs for observational studies
    • Rosenbaum, P. R. (1991) A characterization of optimal designs for observational studies. J. R. Statist. Soc. B, 53, 597-610.
    • (1991) J. R. Statist. Soc. B , vol.53 , pp. 597-610
    • Rosenbaum, P.R.1
  • 42
    • 77951622706 scopus 로고
    • The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
    • and .
    • Rosenbaum, P. R. and Rubin, D. B. (1983a) The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70, 41-55.
    • (1983) Biometrika , vol.70 , pp. 41-55
    • Rosenbaum, P.R.1    Rubin, D.B.2
  • 43
    • 0001679041 scopus 로고
    • Assessing sensitivity to an unobserved binary covariate in an observational study with binary outcome
    • and .
    • Rosenbaum, P. R. and Rubin, D. B. (1983b) Assessing sensitivity to an unobserved binary covariate in an observational study with binary outcome. J. R. Statist. Soc. B, 45, 212-218.
    • (1983) J. R. Statist. Soc. B , vol.45 , pp. 212-218
    • Rosenbaum, P.R.1    Rubin, D.B.2
  • 44
    • 11444261579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • External validity of randomised controlled trials: ''To whom do the results of this trial apply?''
    • Rothwell, P. M. (2005a) External validity of randomised controlled trials: ''To whom do the results of this trial apply?''. Lancet, 365, 82-93.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 82-93
    • Rothwell, P.M.1
  • 45
    • 11844302840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subgroup analysis in randomised controlled trials: importance, indications, and interpretation
    • Rothwell, P. M. (2005b) Subgroup analysis in randomised controlled trials: importance, indications, and interpretation. Lancet, 365, 176-186.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 176-186
    • Rothwell, P.M.1
  • 46
    • 0000001801 scopus 로고
    • The use of matched sampling and regression adjustment to remove bias in observational studies
    • Rubin, D. B. (1973) The use of matched sampling and regression adjustment to remove bias in observational studies. Biometrics, 29, 185-203.
    • (1973) Biometrics , vol.29 , pp. 185-203
    • Rubin, D.B.1
  • 47
    • 0017133178 scopus 로고
    • Inference and missing data (with discussion)
    • Rubin, D. B. (1976) Inference and missing data (with discussion). Biometrika, 63, 581-592.
    • (1976) Biometrika , vol.63 , pp. 581-592
    • Rubin, D.B.1
  • 48
    • 0001599001 scopus 로고
    • Assignment to treatment group on the basis of a covariate
    • Rubin, D. B. (1977) Assignment to treatment group on the basis of a covariate. J. Educ. Statist., 2, 1-26.
    • (1977) J. Educ. Statist. , vol.2 , pp. 1-26
    • Rubin, D.B.1
  • 49
    • 0035761763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using propensity scores to help design observational studies: application to the tobacco litigation
    • Rubin, D. B. (2001) Using propensity scores to help design observational studies: application to the tobacco litigation. Hlth Serv. Outcms Res. Methodol., 2, 169-188.
    • (2001) Hlth Serv. Outcms Res. Methodol. , vol.2 , pp. 169-188
    • Rubin, D.B.1
  • 50
    • 64349088593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For objective causal inference, design trumps analysis
    • Rubin, D. B. (2008) For objective causal inference, design trumps analysis. Ann. Appl. Statist., 2, 808-840.
    • (2008) Ann. Appl. Statist. , vol.2 , pp. 808-840
    • Rubin, D.B.1
  • 51
    • 0000458803 scopus 로고
    • Characterizing the effect of matching using linear propensity score methods with normal distributions
    • and .
    • Rubin, D. B. and Thomas, N. (1992) Characterizing the effect of matching using linear propensity score methods with normal distributions. Biometrika, 79, 797-809.
    • (1992) Biometrika , vol.79 , pp. 797-809
    • Rubin, D.B.1    Thomas, N.2
  • 52
    • 1542742319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining propensity score matching with additional adjustments for prognostic covariates
    • and .
    • Rubin, D. B. and Thomas, N. (2000) Combining propensity score matching with additional adjustments for prognostic covariates. J. Am. Statist. Ass., 95, 573-585.
    • (2000) J. Am. Statist. Ass. , vol.95 , pp. 573-585
    • Rubin, D.B.1    Thomas, N.2
  • 54
    • 77957806232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matching methods for causal inference: a review and a look forward
    • Stuart, E. A. (2010) Matching methods for causal inference: a review and a look forward. Statist. Sci., 25, 1-21.
    • (2010) Statist. Sci. , vol.25 , pp. 1-21
    • Stuart, E.A.1
  • 55
    • 42049093965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using full matching to estimate causal effects in non-experimental studies: examining the relationship between adolescent marijuana use and adult outcomes
    • and .
    • Stuart, E. A. and Green, K. M. (2008) Using full matching to estimate causal effects in non-experimental studies: examining the relationship between adolescent marijuana use and adult outcomes. Devlpmntl Psychol., 44, 395-406.
    • (2008) Devlpmntl Psychol. , vol.44 , pp. 395-406
    • Stuart, E.A.1    Green, K.M.2
  • 56
    • 33746107306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A promising approach for expanding and sustaining school-wide positive behavior support
    • and .
    • Sugai, G. and Horner, R. (2006) A promising approach for expanding and sustaining school-wide positive behavior support. School Psychol. Rev., 35, 245-259.
    • (2006) School Psychol. Rev. , vol.35 , pp. 245-259
    • Sugai, G.1    Horner, R.2
  • 57
    • 39549093107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in meta-analysis
    • and .
    • Sutton, A. J. and Higgins, J. P. (2008) Recent developments in meta-analysis. Statist. Med., 27, 625-650.
    • (2008) Statist. Med. , vol.27 , pp. 625-650
    • Sutton, A.J.1    Higgins, J.P.2
  • 58
    • 79952579366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impacts of regular Upward Bound on postsecondary outcomes seven to nine years after scheduled high school graduation
    • US Department of Education. Office of Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Development, Policy and Program Studies Service, Washington DC.
    • US Department of Education (2009) The impacts of regular Upward Bound on postsecondary outcomes seven to nine years after scheduled high school graduation. Technical Report. Office of Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Development, Policy and Program Studies Service, Washington DC.
    • (2009) Technical Report
  • 59
    • 77955118595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Head start impact study final report
    • US Department of Health and Human Services. Administration for Children and Families, Washington DC.
    • US Department of Health and Human Services (2010) Head start impact study final report. Technical Report. Administration for Children and Families, Washington DC.
    • (2010) Technical Report
  • 60
    • 36348939350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics in medicine-reporting of subgroup analyses in clinical trials
    • and .
    • Wang, R., Lagakos, S. W., Ware, J. H., Hunter, D. J. and Drazen, J. M. (2007) Statistics in medicine-reporting of subgroup analyses in clinical trials. New Engl. J. Med., 357, 2189-2194.
    • (2007) New Engl. J. Med. , vol.357 , pp. 2189-2194
    • Wang, R.1    Lagakos, S.W.2    Ware, J.H.3    Hunter, D.J.4    Drazen, J.M.5
  • 61
    • 65249123486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection criteria and generalizability within the counterfactual framework: explaining the paradox of antidepressant-induced suicidality?
    • Weisberg, H., Hayden, V. and Pontes, V. (2009) Selection criteria and generalizability within the counterfactual framework: explaining the paradox of antidepressant-induced suicidality? Clin. Trials, 6, 109-118.
    • (2009) Clin. Trials , vol.6 , pp. 109-118
    • Weisberg, H.1    Hayden, V.2    Pontes, V.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.