A new, four-item instrument to measure workplace bullying

Research in Nursing and Health

Volumn 34, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 132-140

  Simons, Shellie R ^a   Stark, Roland B ^b   Demarco, Rosanna F ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LOWELL   (United States)

^b Integrative Statistics   (United States)

^c BOSTON COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Exploratory factor analysis; Instrument development; Nursing; Principal component analysis; Workplace bullying

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BULLYING; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; HUMAN; NURSE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; REPRODUCIBILITY; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES; WORKPLACE;

BULLYING; FACTOR ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL; HUMANS; MASSACHUSETTS; NURSES; QUESTIONNAIRES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; WORKPLACE;

EID: 79952359249     PISSN: 01606891     EISSN: 1098240X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/nur.20422     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Abe, K., & Henly, S. (2010). Bullying (ijime) among Japanese hospital nurses: Modeling responses to the revised Negative Acts Questionnaire. Nursing Research, 59, 110-118.
2. Beal, J.A., Riley, J.M., & Lancaster, D.R. (2008). Essential elements of an optimal clinical practice environment. Journal of Nursing Administration, 38, 488-493.
3. Brady, M.S. (2010). Healthy nursing academic work environments. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 15(1), 5. DOI 10.3912/OJIN.Vol15No01Man06
4. Cammann, C., Fichman, M., Jenkins, D., Jr., & Klesh, J.R. (1981). Intention to turnover. In J.D. Cook, S.J. Hepworth, T.D. Wall, & P.B. Warr (Eds.), The experience of work: A compendium and review of 249 measures and their use (p. 95). New York, NY: Academic Press.
5. Cammann, C., Fichman, M.G., Jenkins, D., Jr., & Klesh, J.R. (1983). Assessing the attitudes and perceptions of organizational members. In S.E. Seashore, S.J. Hepworth, E.E. Lawler III, P.H. Mirvis, & C. Cammann (Eds.), Assessing organizational change: A guide to methods, measures and practices (pp. 71-138). New York, NY: Wiley.
6. Cudeck, R. (2000). Exploratory factor analysis. In H. Tinsley & S.D. Brown (Eds.), Handbook of applied multivariate statistics and mathematical modeling (pp. 265-296). San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace.
7. Dawis, R.V. (2000). Scale construction and psychometric considerations. In H. Tinsley & S.D. Brown (Eds.), Handbook of applied multivariate statistics and mathematical modeling (pp. 64-94). San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace.
8. Duffy, E. (1995). Horizontal violence: A conundrum for nursing. Collegian Journal of the Royal College of Nursing Australia, 2(2), 5-17.
9. Einarsen, S., & Hoel, H. (2001, May). The negative acts questionnaire: Development, validation and revision of a measure of bullying at work. Paper presented at the 10th Annual European Congress on Work and Organizational Psychology, Prague, Czech Republic.
10. Einarsen, S., & Mikkelsen, E.G. (2003). Individual effects of exposure to bullying at work. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C.L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace (pp. 127-144). London, UK: Taylor and Francis.
11. Einarsen, S., & Raknes, B.I. (1997). Harassment in the workplace and the victimization of men. Violence and Victims, 12, 247-263.
12. Fabrigar, L.R., McCallum, R.C., Wegener, D.T., & Strahan, E.J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological Methods, 4, 272-299.
13. Floyd, F.J., & Widaman, K.F. (1995). Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment, 7, 286-299.
14. Hoel, H., Einarsen, S., & Cooper, C.L. (2003). Organizational effects of bullying. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C.L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace (pp. 145-161). London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
15. Hutchinson, M., Wilkes, L., Vickers, M., & Jackson, D. (2008). The development and validation of a bullying inventory for the nursing workplace. Nurse Researcher 15(2), 19-29.
16. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. (2008, July). Behaviors that undermine a culture of safety. Sentinel Event Alert, 40. Retrieved November 22, 2010, from.
17. Kazanjian, A., Green, C., Wong, J., & Reid, R. (2005). Effect of the hospital nursing environment on patient mortality: A systematic review. Journal of Health Services & Research Policy, 10, 111-117.
18. Kivimaki, M., Elovainio, M., & Vahtera, J. (2000). Workplace bullying and sickness absence in hospital staff. Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 57, 656-660.
19. Kivimaki, M., Virtanen, M., Vartia, M., Elovainio, M., Vahtera, J., & Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L. (2003). Workplace bullying and the risk of cardiovascular disease and depression. Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 60, 779-783.
20. Kramer, M., & Schmalenberg, C. (2008). Confirmation of a healthy work environment. Critical Care Nurse, 28(2), 56-64.
21. Laschinger, H.K., & Leiter, M.P. (2006). The impact of nursing work environments on patient safety outcomes. Journal of Nursing Administration, 36, 259-267.
22. Lutgen-Sandik, P., Tracy, S.J., & Alberts, J.K. (2007). Burned by bullying in the American workplace: Prevalence, perception and impact. Journal of Management Studies, 44, 837-862.
23. Matthiesen, S.B., & Einarsen, S. (2001). MMPI-2 configurations among victims of bullying at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10, 467-484.
24. McKenna, B.G., Smith, N.A., Poole, S.J., & Coverdale, J.H. (2003). Horizontal violence: Experiences of registered nurses in their first year of practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 42, 90-96.
25. Mikkelsen, E.G., & Einarsen, S. (2001). Bullying in Danish work-life: Prevalence and health correlates. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10, 393-413.
26. Mikkelsen, E.G., & Einarsen, S. (2002). Basic assumptions and symptoms of post-traumatic stress among victims of bullying at work. European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology, 11, 87-111.
27. Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Podsakoff, N.P., & Lee, J.Y. (2003). Common method bias in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended results. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879-903.
28. Polit, D.F., & Beck, C.T. (2004). Nursing research: Principles and methods (7th edn.) Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
29. Pryor, J.B., & Fitzgerald, L.F. (2003). Sexual harassment research in the United States. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C.L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace (pp. 79-100). London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
30. Quine, L. (2001). Workplace bullying in nurses. Journal of Health Psychology, 6, 73-84.
31. Simons, S. (2008). Workplace bullying experienced by Massachusetts registered nurses and the relationship to intention to leave the organization. Advances in Nursing Science 31(2), E48-E59.
32. Spector, P.E. (1992). Summated rating scale construction. Newbury Park, CA: Sage University Papers Series: Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences.
33. Zapf, D., & Einarsen, S. (2001). Bullying in the workplace: Recent trends in research and practice-An introduction. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 19, 369-373.
34. Zapf, D., & Gross, C. (2001). Conflict escalation and coping with workplace bullying: A replication and extension. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10, 497-522.