Nonmetric cranial variation of Jomon Japan: Implications for the evolution of eastern Asian diversity

American Journal of Human Biology

Volumn 22, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 782-790

  Nakashima, Atsushi ^a   Ishida, Hajime ^b   Shigematsu, Masahito ^a   Goto, Masaaki ^a   Hanihara, Tsunehiko ^c  

^a SAGA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS   (Japan)

^c KITASATO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASIAN; EVOLUTION; GENE FLOW; HISTOLOGY; HUMAN; JAPAN; PHENOTYPE; POPULATION DENSITY; SKULL;

ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; GENE FLOW; HUMANS; JAPAN; PHENOTYPE; POPULATION DENSITY; SKULL;

EID: 79952199284     PISSN: 10420533     EISSN: 15206300     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.21083     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Adachi N, Shinoda K, Umetsu K, Matsumura H. 2009. Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Jomon skeletons from the Funadomari site, Hokkaido, and its implication for the origins of Native American. Am J Phys Anthropol 138: 255-265.
2. Bandelt H-J, Dress AW. 1992. Split decomposition; a new and useful approach to phylogenetic analysis of distance data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 1: 242-252.
3. Bedrick EJ, Lapidus J, Powell JF. 2000. Estimating the Mahalanobis distance from mixed continuous and discrete data. Biometrics 56: 394-401.
4. Berry AC, Berry RJ. 1967. Epigenetic variation in the human cranium. J Anat 101: 361-379.
5. Brace CL, Nelson AR, Seguchi N, Le H, Sering L, Pan Q, Li Y, Tumen D. 2001. Old World sources of the first New World human inhabitants: a comparative craniofacial view. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 10017-10022.
6. Brown P. 1996. The first modern East Asians: another look at Upper Cave 101, Liujiang and Minatogawa 1. In: Omoto K, editor. Interdisciplinary perspectives on the origins of the Japanese. Kyoto: International Research Center for Japanese Studies. p 105-124.
7. Brown RA, Armelagos GJ. 2001. Apportionment of racial diversity: a review. Evol Anthropol 10: 34-40.
8. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Feldman MW. 2003. The application of molecular genetic approaches to the study of human evolution. Nat Genet Suppl 33: 266-275.
9. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Mesozzi P, Piazza A. 1994. The history and geography of human genes. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
10. Chu J, Huang W, Kuang S, Wang J, Xu J, Chu Z, Yang Z, Lin K, Li P, Wu M, Geng Z, Tan C, du R, Jin L. 1998. Genetic relationship of populations in China. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 11763-11768.
11. Deng W, Shi B, He X, Zhang Z, Xu J, Li B, Yang J, Ling L, Dai C, Qiang B, Shen Y, Chen R. 2004. Evolution and migration history of the Chinese population inferred from Chinese Y-chromosome evidence. J Hum Genet 49: 339-348.
12. Diaconis P, Efron B. 1983. Computer-intensive methods in statistics. Sci Am 248: 96-108.
13. Ding Y, Wooding S, Harpending HC, Chi H, Li H, Fu Y, Pang J, Yao Y, Yu JX, Moyzis R, Zhang Y. 2000. Population structure and history in East Asia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 14003-14006.
14. Disotell TR. 1999. Human evolution: the southern route to Asia. Curr Biol 9: R925-R928.
15. Dodo Y. 1974. Nonmetrical cranial traits in the Hokkaido Ainu and the northern Japanese of recent times. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 82: 31-51.
16. Dodo Y, Ishida H. 1990. Population history of Japan as viewed from cranial nonmetric variation. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 98: 269-287.
17. Dodo Y, Sawada J. 2010. Supraorbital foramen and hypoglossal canal bridging revisited: their worldwide frequency distribution. Anthropol Sci 118: 65-71.
18. Falconer DS. 1967. The inheritance of liability to disease with variable age of onset, with particular reference to diabetes mellitus. Ann Hum Genet 31: 1-20.
19. Fitzhugh WW, Dubreuil CO. 1999. Ainu: spirit of a northern people. Washington DC: National Museum of Natural History.
20. Forster P, Torroni A, Renfrew C, Röhl A. 2001. Phylogenetic star contraction applied to Asian and Papuan mtDNA evolution. Mol Biol Evol 18: 1864-1881.
21. Gershenson A, Nathan H, Luchansky E. 1986. Mental foramen and mental nerve: changes with age. Acta Anat (Basel) 126: 21-28.
22. González-José R, González-Martin A, Hernández M, Pucciarelli HM, Sardi M, Rosales A, Molen SV. 2003. Craniometric evidence for Palaeoamerican survival in Baja California. Nature 425: 62-65.
23. González-José R, Neves W, Lahr MM, González S, Pucciarelli H, Martínez MH, Correal G. 2005. Late Pleistocene/Holocene craniofacial morphology in Mesoamerican Paleoindians: implications for the peopling of the New World. Am J Phys Anthropol 128: 772-780.
24. Habu J. 2004. Ancient Jomon of Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
25. Hallgrímsson B, Donnabháin ÓB, Walters GB, Cooper DML, Gudbjartsson D, Stefánsson K. 2004. Composition of the founding population of Iceland: biological distance and morphological variation in early historic Atlantic Europe. Am J Phys Anthropol 124: 257-274.
26. Hanihara K. 1991. Dual structure model for the population history of the Japanese. Japan Rev 2: 1-33.
27. Hanihara T. 2006. Interpretation of craniofacial variation and diversification of East and Southeast Asia. In: Oxenham M, Tayles N, editors. Bioarchaeology of Southeast Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 91-111.
28. Hanihara T. 2008. Morphological variation of major human populations based on nonmetric dental traits. Am J Phys Anthropol 136: 169-182.
29. Hanihara T. 2010. Metric and nonmetric dental variation and the population structure of the Ainu. Am J Hum Biol 22: 163-171.
30. Hanihara T, Ishida H. 2001a. Os incae: variation in frequency in major human population groups. J Anat 198: 137-152.
31. Hanihara T, Ishida H. 2001b. Frequency variations of discrete cranial traits in major human populations. I. Supernumerary ossicle variations. J Anat 198: 689-706.
32. Hanihara T, Ishida H. 2001c. Frequency variations of discrete cranial traits in major human populations. II. Hypostotic variations. J Anat 198: 707-725.
33. Hanihara T, Ishida H. 2001d. Frequency variations of discrete cranial traits in major human populations. III. Hyperostotic variations. J Anat 199: 251-272.
34. Hanihara T, Ishida H. 2001e. Frequency variations of discrete cranial traits in major human populations. IV. Vessel and nerve related variations. J Anat 199: 273-287.
35. Hanihara T, Ishida H. 2009. Regional differences in craniofacial diversity and the population history of Jomon Japan. Am J Phys Anthropol 139: 311-322.
36. Hanihara T, Ishida H, Dodo Y. 1998. Place of the Hokkaido Ainu (northern Japan) among circumpolar and other peoples of the world-a comparison of the frequency variations of discrete cranial traits. Intl J Circumpolar Health 57: 257-275.
37. Hanihara T, Ishida H, Dodo Y. 2003. Characterization of biological diversity through analysis of discrete cranial traits. Am J Phys Anthropol 121: 241-251.
38. Hauser G, De Stefano GF. 1989. Epigenetic variants of the human skull. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart.
39. Howells WW. 1986. Physical anthropology of the prehistoric Japanese. In: Pearson RJ, editor. Windows on the Japanese past: studies in archaeology and prehistory. Ann Arbor: Center for Japanese Studies, The University of Michigan. p 85-99.
40. Huson DH. 1998. Splits tree: analyzing and visualizing evolutionary data. Bioinformatics 14: 68-73.
41. Huson DH, Bryant D. 2006. Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies. Mol Biol Evol 23: 254-267.
42. Ikawa-Smith F. 1986. Late Pleistocene and early Holocene technologies. In: Pearson RJ, editor. Windows on the Japanese past: studies in archaeology and prehistory. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan. p 199-216.
43. Imamura K. 1996. Prehistoric Japan: new perspectives on insular East Asia. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
44. Irish JD. 2006. Who were the ancient Egyptians? Dental affinities among Neolithic through postdynastic peoples. Am J Phys Anthropol 129: 529-543.
45. Jin L, Su B. 2000. Native or immigrants: modern human origin in East Asia. Nature Rev Genet 1: 126-133.
46. Kamminga J. 1992. New interpretations of the Upper Cave Zhoukoudian. In: Akazawa T, Aoki K, Kimura T, editors. The evolution and dispersal of modern humans in Asia. Tokyo: Hokusen-sha. p 379-400.
47. Karafet T, Xu L, Du R, Wang W, Shi F, Wells RS, Redd AJ, Zegura SL, Hammer MF. 2001. Paternal population history of East Asia: sources, patterns, and microevolutionary processes. Am J Hum Genet 69: 615-629.
48. Kikuchi T. 1986. Continental culture and Hokkaido. In: Pearson RJ, editor. Windows on the Japanese past: studies in archaeology and prehistory. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan. p 149-162.
49. Kikuchi T. 1999. Ainu ties with ancient cultures of Northeast Asia. In: Fitzhugh WW, Dubreuil CO, editors. Ainu: spirit of a northern people. Washington DC: National Museum of Natural History. p 47-51.
50. Kodama S. 1970. Ainu: historical and anthropological studies. Sapporo: Hokkaido University School of Medicine.
51. Konigsberg LW. 1990. Analysis of prehistoric biological variation under a model of isolation by geographic and temporal distance. Hum Biol 62: 49-70.
52. Konigsberg LW. 2006. A post-Neumann history of biological and genetic distance studies in bioarchaeology. In: Buikstra JE, Beck LA, editors. Bioarchaeology: the contextual analysis of human remains. New York: Academic Press. p 263-279.
53. Konigsberg LW, Buikstra J. 2006. Population structure analysis from prehistoric skeletal material. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 42: 115.
54. Konigsberg LW, Kohn LAP, Cheverud JM. 1993. Cranial deformation and nonmetric trait variation. Am J Phys Anthropol 90: 25-48.
55. Koyama S. 1978. Jomon subsistence and population. Senri Ethnol Studies 2: 1-65.
56. Koyama S, Sugito S. 1984. A study of Jomon population-computer simulation analysis. Bull Nat Mus Ethnology 1984; 9: 1-39.
57. Kozintsev A. 1990. Ainu, Japanese, their ancestors and neighbours: cranioscopic data. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 98: 247-267.
58. Kozintsev A. 1992. Prehistoric and recent populations of Japan: multivariate analysis of cranioscopic data. Arctic Anthropol 29: 104-111.
59. Kryukov K, Saitou N. 2003. Netview: application software for constructing and visually exploring phylogenetic networks. Genome Inform 14: 280-281.
60. Lahr MM. 1996. The evolution of modern human diversity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
61. Lane RA. 1978. Non-metric osteological variation as a function of genetic kinship. Am J Phys Anthropol 48: 413.
62. Leigh SR, Relethford JH, Park PB, Konigsberg LW. 2004. Morphological differentiation of Gorilla subspecies. In Taylor AB, Goldsmith ML, editors. Gorilla biology: a multidisciplinary perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 104-131.
63. Manly BFL. 1997. Randomization, bootstrap and Monte Carlo methods in biology. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall.
64. Matsumura H, Ishida H, Amano T, Ono H, Yoneda M. 2009. Biological affinities of Okhotsk-culture people with East Siberians and arctic people. Anthropol Sci 117: 121-132.
65. Nei M. 1995. The origins of human populations: genetic, linguistic, and archaeological data. In: Brenner S, Hanihara K, editors. The origin and past of modern human as viewed from DNA. Singapore: World Scientific. p 71-91.
66. Omoto K. 1995. Genetic diversity and the origins of the "Mongoloids." In: Brenner S, Hanihara K, editors. The origin and past of modern human as viewed from DNA. Singapore: World Scientific. p 92-109.
67. Omoto K, Saitou N. 1997. Genetic origins of the Japanese: a partial support for the dual structure hypothesis. Am J Phys Anthropol 102: 437-446.
68. Ono Y. 1999. Ainu homelands: natural history from ice age to modern times. In: Fitzhugh WW, Dubreuil CO, editors. Ainu: spirit of a northern people. Washington DC: National Museum of Natural History. p 32-38.
69. Ossenberg NS. 1969. Discontinuous morphological variation in the human cranium. Ph.D. thesis. Toronto: University of Toronto.
70. Ossenberg NS. 1981. An argument for the use of total side frequencies of bilateral non-metric skeletal traits in population distance analysis: the regression of symmetry on incidence. Am J Phys Anthropol 54: 471-479.
71. Ossenberg NS. 1986. Isolate conservatism and hybridization in the population history of Japan: the evidence of nonmetric cranial traits. In: Akazawa T, Aikens CM, editors. Prehistoric hunter-gatherers in Japan. Tokyo: The University of Tokyo Press. p 199-215.
72. Ossenberg NS. 1992. Microevolutionary parallels in the population history of Japan and aboriginal North America: the evidence of cranial nonmetric traits. In: Hanihara K, editor. Japanese as a member of the Asian and Pacific populations. Kyoto: International Research Center of Japanese Studies. p 64-77.
73. Ossenberg NS, Dodo Y, Maeda T, Kawakubo Y. 2006. Ethnogenesis and craniofacial change in Japan from the perspective of nonmetric traits. Anthropol Sci 114: 99-115.
74. Powell JF, Neves WA. 1999. Craniofacial morphology of the first Americans: pattern and process in the peopling of the New World. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 42: 153-188.
75. Relethford JH. 1991. Genetic drift and anthropometric variation in Ireland. Hum Biol 63: 155-165.
76. Relethford JH. 1994. Craniometric variation among modern human populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 95: 53-62.
77. Relethford JH. 1996. Genetic drift can obscure population history: problem and solution. Hum Biol 68: 29-44.
78. Relethford JH. 2002. Apportionment of global human genetic diversity based on craniometrics and skin color. Am J Phys Anthropol 118: 393-398.
79. Relethford JH. 2004. Boas and beyond: migration and craniometric variation. Am J Hum Biol 16: 379-386.
80. Relethford JH, Blangero J. 1990. Detection of differential gene flow from patterns of quantitative variation. Hum Biol 62: 5-25.
81. Relethford JH, Harpending HC. 1994. Craniometric variation, genetic theory, and modern human origins. Am J Phys Anthropol 95: 249-270.
82. Roseman CC, Weaver TD. 2004. Multivariate apportionment of global human craniometric diversity. Am J Phys Anthropol 125: 257-263.
83. Saitou N, Yamamoto F. 1997. Evolution of primate ABO blood group genes and their homologous genes. Mol Biol Evol 14: 399-411.
84. Saitou N. 2008. Genetic relationships of human populations in and around the Japanese archipelago. In: Matsumura S, Forster P, Renfrew C, editors. Simulations, genetics and human prehistory. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. p 89-92.
85. Sardi ML, Rozzi FR, González-José R, Pucciarelli HM. 2005. South Amerindian craniofacial morphology: diversity and implications for Amerindian evolution. Am J Phys Anthropol 747-456.
86. Scherer AK. 2007. Population structure of the classic period Maya. Am J Phys Anthropol 132: 367-380.
87. Schilacii MA, Stojanowski CM. 2005. Craniometric variation and population history of the prehistoric Tewa. Am J Phys Anthropol 126: 404-412.
88. Scott GR, Turner CGII. 1997. The anthropology of modern human populations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
89. Seguchi N, McKeown A, Schdmit R, Umeda H, Brace LC. 2010. An alternative view on the peopling of South America: Lagoa Santa in craniometric perspective. Anthropol Sci DOI: 10.1537/ase090921.
90. Serizawa C. 1986. The Paleolithic age of Japan in the context of East Asia: a brief introduction. In: Pearson RJ, editor. Windows on the Japanese past: studies in archaeology and prehistory. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan. p 191-197.
91. Shao J, Tu Dongsheng. 1995. The jackknife and bootstrap. New York: Springer.
92. Shi H, Dong Y, Wen B, Xiao C, Underhill PA, Shen P, Chakraborty R, Jin L, Su B. 2005. Y-chromosome evidence of southern origin of the East Asian-specific haplogroup O3-M122. Am J Hum Genet 77: 408-419.
93. Sjøvold T. 1984. A report on the heritability of some cranial measurements and non-metric traits. In: Van Vark GN, Howells WW, editors. Multivariate statistical methods in physical anthropology. Dordrecht: D Reidel Publishing Company. p 223-246.
94. Steadman DW. 2001. Mississippians in motion? A population genetic analysis of interregional gene flow in West-Central Illinois. Am J Phys Anthropol 114: 61-73.
95. Stojanowski CM. 2004. Population history of Native groups in pre- and postcontact Spanish Florida: aggregation, gene flow, and genetic drift on the southeastern U.S. Atlantic coast. Am J Phys Anthropol 123: 316-332.
96. Su B, Xiao J, Underhill P, Deka R, Zhang W, Akey J, Huang W, Shen D, Lu D, Luo J, Chu J, Tan J, Shen P, Davis R, Cavalli-Sforza L, Chakraborty R, Xiong M, Du R, Oefner P, Chen Z, Jin L. 1999. Y-chromosome evidence for a northward migration of modern humans into eastern Asia during the last ice age. Am J Hum Genet 65: 1718-1724.
97. Tajima A, Hayami M, Tokunaga K, Juji T, Matsuo M, Marzuki S, Omoto K, Horai S. 2004. Genetic origins of the Ainu inferred from combined DNA analyses of maternal and paternal lineages. J Hum Genet 49: 187-193.
98. The HUGO Pan-Asian SNP Consortium. 2009. Mapping human genetic diversity in Asia. Science 326: 1541-1545.
99. Turner CGII. 1987. Late Pleistocene and Holocene population history of East Asia based on dental variation. Am J Phys Anthropol 73: 305-321.
100. Turner CGII. 1990. Major features of sundadonty and sinodonty, including suggestions about East Asian microevolution, population history, and late Pleistocene relationships with Australian Aboriginals. Am J Phys Anthropol 82: 295-317.
101. Turner CGII. 1992. Sundadonty and sinodonty in Japan: the dental basis for a dual origin hypothesis for the peopling of the Japanese islands. In: Hanihara K, editor. Japanese as a member of the Asian and Pacific populations. Kyoto: International Research Center for Japanese Studies. p 96-112.
102. Turner CGII, Nichol CR, Scott GR. 1991. Scoring procedures for key morphological traits of the permanent dentition: the Arizona State University dental anthropology system. In: Kelley MA, Larsen CS, editors. Advances in dental anthropology. New York: Wiley-Liss. p 13-31.
103. Xue Y, Zerjal T, Bao W, Zhu S, Shu Q, Xu J, Du R, Fu S, Li P, Hurles ME, Yang H, Tyler-Smith C. 2006. Male demography in East Asia: a north-south contrast in human population expansion times. Genetics 172: 2431-2439.
104. Xue Y, Zerjal T, Bao W, Zhu S, Shu Q, Xu J, Du R, Fu S, Li P, Hurles ME, Yang H, Tyler-Smith C. 2008. Modeling male prehistory in East Asia using BATWING. In: Matsumura S, Forster P, Renfrew C, editors. Simulations, genetics and human prehistory. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. p 79-88.
105. Wells S. 2002. The journey of man: a genetic odyssey. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
106. Yamaguchi B. 1982. A review of the osteological characteristics of the Jomon population in prehistoric Japan. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 90: 77-90.
107. Yamaguchi B. 1992. Skeletal morphology of the Jomon people. In: Hanihara K, editor. Japanese as a member of the Asian and Pacific populations. Kyoto: International Research Center for Japanese Studies. p 53-63.
108. Yao Y, Kong Q, Bandelt H-J, Kivisild T, Zhang Y. 2002. Phylogeographic differentiation of mitochondrial DNA in Han Chinese. Am J Hum Genet 70: 635-651.