Genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity evaluation of Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC)

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

Volumn 59, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 237-250

  Fujii, H ^a   Nishioka, N ^a   Simon, R R ^b   Kaur, R ^b   Lynch, B ^b   Roberts, A ^b  

^a Amino Up Chemical Co   (Japan)

^b Cantox Health Sciences International   (Canada)

Author keywords

AHCC; Basidiomycetes; Genotoxicity; NOAEL; Rat; Safety; Toxicity

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE HEXOSE CORRELATED COMPOUND; FUNGAL EXTRACT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AMES TEST; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BLOOD EXAMINATION; CHRONIC TOXICITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FREEZE DRYING; GENOTOXICITY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; IN VIVO STUDY; KIDNEY DYSFUNCTION; MALE; MICRONUCLEUS TEST; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; OPHTHALMOSCOPY; ORGAN WEIGHT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN URINE LEVEL; RAT; SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM; TOXICITY TESTING; URINE PH;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ANIMALS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; FEMALE; FREEZE DRYING; MALE; MICE; MUTAGENICITY TESTS; POLYSACCHARIDES; RATS; RATS, INBRED F344; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; TOXICITY TESTS, CHRONIC;

ANIMALIA; BASIDIOMYCOTA; RATTUS; SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM;

EID: 79952070298     PISSN: 02732300     EISSN: 10960295     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.10.006     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Aviles H., O'Donnell P., Orshal J., Fujii H., Sun B., Sonnenfeld G. Active hexose correlated compound activates immune function to decrease bacterial load in a murine model of intramuscular infection. Am. J. Surg. 2008, 195:537-545.
2. Cowawintaweewat S., Manoromana S., Sriplung H., Khuhaprema T., Tongtawe P., Tapchaisri P., Chaicumpa W. Prognostic improvement of patients with advanced liver cancer after active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) treatment. Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol. 2006, 24:33-45.
3. Daddaoua A., Martínez-Plata E., López-Posadas R., Vieites J.M., González M., Requena P., Zarzuelo A., Suárez M.D., de Medina F.S., Martínez-Augustin O. Active hexose correlated compound acts as a prebiotic and is antiinflammatory in rats with hapten-induced colitis. J. Nutr. 2007, 137:1222-1228.
4. Hirose A., Sato E., Fujii H., Sun B., Nishioka H., Aruoma O.I. The influence of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) on cisplatin-evoked chemotherapeutic and side effects in tumor-bearing mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2007, 222:152-158.
5. Kastenbaum M.A., Bowman K.O. Tables for determining the statistical significance of mutation frequencies. Mutat. Res. 1970, 9:527-549.
6. Kuroiwa Y., Nishikawa A., Imazawa T., Kanki K., Kitamura Y., Umemura T., Hirose M. Lack of subchronic toxicity of an aqueous extract of Agaricus blazei Murrill in F344 rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2005, 43(7):1047-1053.
7. Lina B.A.R., Kuijpers M.H.M. Toxicity and carcinogenicity of acidogenic or alkalogenic diets in rats; effects of feeding NH(4) C1, KHCO(3) or KC1. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2004, 42:135-153.
8. Matsui Y., Uhara J., Satoi S., Kaibori M., Yamada H., Kitade H., Imamura A., Takai S., Kawaguchi Y., Kwon A.H., Kamiyama Y. Improved prognosis of postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma patients when treated with functional foods: a prospective cohort study. J. Hepatol. 2002, 37:78-86.
9. Matsui K., Kawaguchi Y., Ozaki T., Tokuhara K., Tanaka H., Kaibori M., Matsui Y., Kamiyama Y., Wakame K., Miura T., Nishizawa M., Okumura T. Effect of active hexose correlated compound on the production of nitric oxide in hepatocytes. JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 2007, 31:373-380. (discussion 380; response 381).
10. Matsushita K., Kuramitsu Y., Ohiro Y., Obara M., Kobayashi M., Li Y.Q., Hosokawa M. Combination therapy of active hexose correlated compound plus UFT significantly reduces the metastasis of rat mammary adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Drugs 1998, 9:343-350.
11. Nogusa S., Gerbino J., Ritz B.W. Low-dose supplementation with active hexose correlated compound improves the immune response to acute influenza infection in C57BL/6 mice. Nutr. Res. 2009, 29:139-143.
12. Reisinger A.J., Tannehill-Gregg S.H., Waites C.R., Dominick M.A., Schilling B.E., Jackson T.A. Dietary ammonium chloride for the acidification of mouse urine. J. Am. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. 2009, 48:144-146.
13. Ritz B.W. Supplementation with active hexose correlated compound increases survival following infectious challenge in mice. Nutr. Rev. 2008, 66:526-531.
14. Ritz B.W., Nogusa S., Ackerman E.A., Gardner E.M. Supplementation with active hexose correlated compound increases the innate immune response of young mice to primary influenza infection. J. Nutr. 2006, 136:2868-2873.
15. Rumsfeld H.W. Role of dietary protein in normal rat proteinuria. Am. J. Physiol. 1956, 184:473-478.
16. Spierings E.L., Fujii H., Sun B., Walshe T. A phase I study of the safety of the nutritional supplement, active hexose correlated compound, AHCC, in healthy volunteers. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. (Tokyo) 2007, 53:536-539.
17. Sumiya T., Ikeda Y., Broadmeadow A., May K., Pritchard L., Horne C., Burlinson B. Himematsutake (Iwade Strain 101) extract (ABM-FD): genetic toxicology and a 3-month dietary toxicity study in rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2008, 46(6):1949-1959.
18. Terakawa N., Matsui Y., Satoi S., Yanagimoto H., Takahashi K., Yamamoto T., Yamao J., Takai S., Kwon A.H., Kamiyama Y. Immunological effect of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) in healthy volunteers: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr. Cancer 2008, 60:643-651.
19. Wang S., Welte T., Fang H., Chang G.J., Born W.K., O'Brien R.L., Sun B., Fujii H., Kosuna K., Wang T. Oral administration of active hexose correlated compound enhances host resistance to West Nile encephalitis in mice. J. Nutr. 2009, 139:598-602.