The effect of simvastatin alone versus simvastatin plus ezetimibe on the concentration of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in subjects with primary hypercholesterolemia

Current Medical Research and Opinion

Volumn 27, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 685-692

  Florentin, Matilda ^a   Liberopoulos, Evangelos N ^a   Moutzouri, Elisavet ^a   Rizos, Christos V ^a   Tselepis, Alexandros D ^b   Elisaf, Moses S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOANNINA   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF IOANNINA   (Greece)

Author keywords

Ezetimibe Low density lipoprotein particle size Simvastatin Smalldense low density lipoprotein

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN B; APOLIPOPROTEIN E; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL; EZETIMIBE PLUS SIMVASTATIN; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; SIMVASTATIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; DRUG EFFECT; ELECTROPHORESIS; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; LIPID ANALYSIS; LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MONOTHERAPY; OPEN STUDY; PARTICLE SIZE; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL;

AGED; ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; AZETIDINES; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; DRUG COMBINATIONS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; GREECE; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OSMOLAR CONCENTRATION; PARTICLE SIZE; SIMVASTATIN;

EID: 79951652753     PISSN: 03007995     EISSN: 14734877     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2010.546394     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Packard CJ, Shepherd J. Lipoprotein heterogeneity and apolipoprotein B metabolism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:3542-56 (Pubitemid 28028567)
2. Rizzo M, Berneis K. Low-density lipoprotein size and cardiovascular risk assessment. QJM 2006;99:1-14 (Pubitemid 43124966)
3. Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults ( Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001 285 2486-97.
4. Rizzo M, Berneis K. The clinical relevance of low-density-lipoproteins size modulation by statins. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2006;20:205-17 (Pubitemid 44121036)
5. Florentin M, Tselepis AD, Elisaf MS, et al. Effect of non statin lipid lowering and anti-obesity drugs on LDL subfractions in patients with mixed dyslipidae-mia. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2010;8:820-30
6. Nakou ES, Filippatos TD, Georgoula M, et al. The effect of orlistat and ezetimibe, alone or in combination, on serum LDL and small dense LDL cholesterol levels in overweight and obese patients with hypercholesterolae-mia. Curr Med Res Opin 2008;24:1919-29
7. Kalogirou M, Tsimihodimos V, Gazi I, et al. Effect of ezetimibe monotherapy on the concentration of lipoprotein subfractions in patients with primary dyslipi-daemia. Curr Med Res Opin 2007;23:1169-76 (Pubitemid 46799601)
8. Berneis K, Rizzo M, Berthold HK, et al. Ezetimibe alone or in combination with simvastatin increases small dense low-density lipoproteins in healthy men: a randomized trial. Eur Heart J 2010;31:1633-9
9. Kastelein JJ, Akdim F, Stroes ES, et al. Simvastatin with or without ezetimibe in familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 2008;358:1431-43 (Pubitemid 351482735)
10. Rossebo AB, Pedersen TR, Boman K, et al. Intensive lipid lowering with simvastatin and ezetimibe in aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med 2008; 359:1343-56
11. Taylor AJ, Villines TC, Stanek EJ, et al. Extended-release niacin or ezetimibe and carotid intima-media thickness. N Engl J Med 2009;361:2113-22
12. Pearson T, Ballantyne C, Sisk C, et al. Comparison of effects of ezetimibe/ simvastatin versus simvastatin versus atorvastatin in reducing C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Am J Cardiol 2007; 99:1706-13
13. Roeters van Lennep HW, Liem AH, Dunselman PH, et al. The efficacy of statin monotherapy uptitration versus switching to ezetimibe/simvastatin: results of the EASEGO study. Curr Med Res Opin 2008;24:685-94 (Pubitemid 351428979)
14. Gazi I, Lourida ES, Filippatos T, et al. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity is a marker of small, dense LDL particles in human plasma. Clin Chem 2005;51:2264-73 (Pubitemid 41692569)
15. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation 2005;112: 2735-52 (Pubitemid 41532612)
16. Gaw A, Packard CJ, Murray EF, et al. Effects of simvastatin on apoB metabolism and LDL subfraction distribution. Arterioscler Thromb 1993;13:170-89 (Pubitemid 23056790)
17. Homma Y, Ozawa H, Kobayashi T, et al. Effects of simvastatin on plasma lipoprotein subfractions, cholesterol esterification rate, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein in type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Atherosclerosis 1995; 114:223-34
18. Van Tits LJ, Smilde TJ, van Wissen S, et al. Effects of atorvastatin and sim-vastatin on low-density lipoprotein subfraction profile, low-density lipoprotein oxidizability, and antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein in relation to carotid intima media thickness in familial hypercholesterolemia. J Investig Med 2004;52:177-84 (Pubitemid 38856420)
19. Lagrost L, Athias A, Lemort N, et al. Plasma lipoprotein distribution and lipid transfer activities in patients with type IIb hyperlipidemia treated with simva-statin. Atherosclerosis 1999;143:415-25 (Pubitemid 29166924)
20. van den Akker JM, Bredie SJ, Diepenveen SH, et al. Atorvastatin and simva-statin in patients on hemodialysis: effects on lipoproteins, C-reactive protein and in vivo oxidized LDL. J Nephrol 2003;16:238-44 (Pubitemid 37304080)
21. Miller M, Dobs A, Yuan Z, et al. The effect of simvastatin on triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetic dyslipidemia: a SILHOUETTE trial sub-study. Curr Med Res Opin 2006;22:343-50 (Pubitemid 44296758)
22. Vega GL, Ma PT, Cater NB, et al. Effects of adding fenofibrate (200 mg/day) to simvastatin (10 mg/day) in patients with combined hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome. Am J Cardiol 2003;91:956-60 (Pubitemid 36398528)
23. Bahadir MA, Oguz A, Uzunlulu M, et al. Effects of different statin treatments on small dense low-density lipoprotein in patients with metabolic syndrome. J Atheroscler Thromb 2009;16:684-90
24. Zhang B, Miura S, Yanagi D, et al. Reduction of charge-modified LDL by statin therapy in patients with CHD or CHD risk factors and elevated LDL-C levels: the SPECIAL Study. Atherosclerosis 2008;201:353-9
25. Tribble DL, Farnier M, Macdonell G, et al. Effects of fenofibrate and ezetimibe, both as monotherapy and in coadministration, on cholesterol mass within lipoprotein subfractions and low-density lipoprotein peak particle size in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia. Metabolism 2008;57:796-801 (Pubitemid 351697911)
26. Ose L, Reyes R, Johnson-Levonas AO, et al. Effects of ezetimibe/simvastatin on lipoprotein subfractions in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia: an exploratory analysis of archived samples using two commercially available techniques. Clin Ther 2007;29:2419-32
27. Mikhailidis DP, Sibbring GC, Ballantyne CM, et al. Meta-analysis of the cholesterol-lowering effect of ezetimibe added to ongoing statin therapy. Curr Med Res Opin 2007;23:2009-26 (Pubitemid 47300401)
28. Migdalis I, Efthimiadis A, Pappas S, et al. Clinical experience with ezetimibe/ simvastatin in a Mediterranean population. Curr Med Res Opin 2009; 25:2571-6
29. Gazi IF, Daskalopoulou SS, Nair DR, et al. Effect of ezetimibe in patients who cannot tolerate statins or cannot get to the low density lipoprotein cholesterol target despite taking a statin. Curr Med Res Opin 2007;23:2183-92 (Pubitemid 350246604)
30. Gazi IF, Tsimihodimos V, Tselepis AD, et al. Clinical importance and therapeutic modulation of small dense low-density lipoprotein particles. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2007;7:53-72 (Pubitemid 46091576)
31. Stojakovic T, de Campo A, Scharnagl H, et al. Differential effects of fluvastatin alone or in combination with ezetimibe on lipoprotein subfractions in patients at high risk of coronary events. Eur J Clin Invest 40:187-94
32. Geiss HC, Otto C, Parhofer KG. Effect of ezetimibe on low-density lipoprotein subtype distribution: results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in patients treated by regular low-density lipoprotein apheresis and statins. Metabolism 2006;55:599-604
33. Kalogirou M, Tsimihodimos V, Saougos V, et al. Effect of ezetimibe on lipo-protein subfraction concentrations: the role of atorvastatin pre-treatment. Arch Med Sci 2007; 3, 4: 344-50 (Pubitemid 351212283)
34. Watson TD, Caslake MJ, Freeman DJ, et al. Determinants of LDL subfraction distribution and concentrations in young normolipidemic subjects. Arterioscler Thromb 1994;14:902-10
35. Chung M, Lichtenstein AH, Ip S, et al. Comparability of methods for LDL subfraction determination: A systematic review. Atherosclerosis 2009; 205:342-8
36. Apostolou F, Gazi IF, Lagos K, et al. Acute infection with Epstein-Barr virus is associated with atherogenic lipid changes. Atherosclerosis 2010;212:607-13
37. Gazi IF, Filippatos TD, Tsimihodimos V, et al. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype is a predictor of elevated levels of small, dense LDL cholesterol. Lipids 2006;41:647-54 (Pubitemid 44547679)
38. Apostolou F, Gazi IF, Kostoula A, et al. Persistence of an atherogenic lipid profile after treatment of acute infection with Brucella. J Lipid Res 2009; 50:2532-9
39. Howard BV, Roman MJ, Devereux RB, et al. Effect of lower targets for blood pressure and LDL cholesterol on atherosclerosis in diabetes: the SANDS randomized trial. JAMA 2008;299:1678-89 (Pubitemid 351519865)
40. Fleg JL, Mete M, Howard BV, et al. Effect of statins alone versus statins plus ezetimibe on carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes: the SANDS (Stop Atherosclerosis in Native Diabetics Study) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52:2198-205
41. Meaney A, Ceballos G, Asbun J, et al. The VYtorin on Carotid intima-media thickness and overall arterial rigidity (VYCTOR) study. J Clin Pharmacol 2009;49:838-47
42. Blumenthal RS, Michos ED. The HALTS trial-halting atherosclerosis or halted too early? N Engl J Med 2009;361:2178-80
43. Kalogirou M, Tsimihodimos V, Elisaf M. Pleiotropic effects of ezetimibe: do they really exist? Eur J Pharmacol 2010;633:62-70
44. Milionis HJ, Liberopoulos EN, Achimastos A, et al. Statins: another class of antihypertensive agents? J Hum Hypertens 2006;20:320-35
45. Kaptoge S, Di Angelantonio E, Lowe G, et al. C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis. Lancet 2010;375:132-40
46. Sattar N, Preiss D, Murray HM, et al. Statins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomised statin trials. Lancet 2010;375: 735-42
47. Kostapanos MS, Liamis GL, Milionis HJ, et al. Do statins beneficially or adversely affect glucose homeostasis? Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2010;8:612-31