Light-induced degradation of starch granules in turions of spirodela polyrhiza studied by electron microscopy

Plant and Cell Physiology

Volumn 52, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 384-391

  Appenroth, Klaus J ^a   Keresztes, Aron ^b   Krzysztofowicz, Ewa ^c   Gabrys, Halina ^c  

^a FRIEDRICH SCHILLER UNIVERSITY JENA   (Germany)

^b EÖTVÖS LORÁND UNIVERSITY   (Hungary)

^c JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

Author keywords

Electron microscopy; Spirodela polyrhiza; Starch degradation; Starch grains; Storage starch; Turion

Indexed keywords

STARCH;

ARACEAE; ARTICLE; CHLOROPLAST; LIGHT; METABOLISM; PLANT MORPHOLOGY; PLASTID; RADIATION EXPOSURE; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

ARACEAE; CHLOROPLASTS; LIGHT; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, SCANNING; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, TRANSMISSION; PLANT STRUCTURES; PLASTIDS; STARCH;

ARABIDOPSIS; SPIRODELA POLYRRHIZA;

EID: 79951567567     PISSN: 00320781     EISSN: 14719053     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcq199     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Appenroth, K.-J. (2008) Degradation of storage starch as a photomor-phogenetic event: turions of the duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza represent a novel model system for starch degradation in plants. IPS News Lett. 19-28.
2. Appenroth, K.-J. and Bergfeld, R. (1993) Photophysiology of turion germination in Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden. XI. Structural changes during red light induced responses. J. Plant Physiol. 141: 583-588.
3. Appenroth, K.-J. and Gabrys, H. (2001) Light induced starch degradation in non-dormant turions of Spirodela polyrhiza. Photochem. Photobiol. 73: 77-82.
4. Appenroth, K.-J. and Gabrys, H. (2003) Ion antagonism between calcium and magnesium in phytochrome-mediated degradation of storage starch in Spirodela polyrhiza. Plant Sci. 165: 1261-1265. (Pubitemid 37481356)
5. Appenroth, K.-J. and Nickel, G. (2010) Turion formation in Spirodela polyrhiza: the environmental signals that induce the developmental process in nature. Physiol. Plant. 138: 312-320.
6. Appenroth, K.-J., Opfermann, J., Hertel, W. and Augsten, H. (1989) Photophysiology of turion germination in Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) SCHLEIDEN. II. Influence of after-ripening on germination kinetics. J. Plant Physiol. 135: 274-279.
7. Appenroth, K.-J., Teller, S. and Horn, M. (1996) Photophysiology of turion formation and germination in Spirodela polyrhiza. Biol. Plant. 38: 95-106.
8. Appenroth, K.-J. and Ziegler, P. (2008) Light-induced degradation of storage starch in turions of Spirodela polyrhiza depends on nitrate. Plant Cell Environ. 31: 1460-1469.
9. Asatsuma, S., Sawada, C., Itoh, K., Okito, M., Kitajima, A. and Mitsui, T. (2005) Involvement of alpha-amylase I-1 in starch degradation in rice chloroplasts. Plant Cell Physiol. 46: 858-869. (Pubitemid 41435473)
10. Comparot-Moss, S., Kötting, O., Stettler, M., Edner, C., Graf, A., Weise, S.E. et al. (2010) A putative phosphatase, LSF1, is required for normal starch turnover in Arabidopsis leaves. Plant Physiol. 152: 685-697.
11. Doelger, K., Tirlapur, U.K. and Appenroth, K.-J. (1997) Phytochrome-regulated starch degradation in germinating turions of Spirodela polyrhiza. Photochem. Photobiol. 66: 124-127. (Pubitemid 127470643)
12. Fettke, J., Hejazi, M., Smirnova, J., Höchel, E., Stage, M. and Steup, M. (2009) Eukaryotic starch degradation: integration of plastidial and cytosolic pathways. J. Exp. Bot. 60: 2907-2922.
13. Fulton, D.C., Stettler, M., Mettler, T., Vaughan, C.K., Li, J., Francisco, P. et al. (2008) b-Amylase4, a noncatalytic protein required for starch breakdown, acts upstream of three active b-amylases in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Plant Cell 20: 1040-1058. (Pubitemid 352843978)
14. Hejazi, M., Fettke, J., Paris, O. and Steup, M. (2009) The two plastidial starch-related dikinases sequentially phosphorylate glucosyl residues at the surface of both the A- and B-type allomorphs of crystallized maltodextrins but the mode of action differs. Plant Physiol. 150: 962-976.
15. Henssen, A. (1954) Die Dauerorgane von Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) SCHLEID. in physiologischer Betrachtung. Flora 141: 523-566.
16. Kötting, O., Santelia, D., Edner, C., Ecke, S., Marthaler, T., Gentry, M.S. et al. (2009) STARCH-EXCESS4 is a laforin-like phosphoglucan phos-phatase required for starch degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 21: 334-346.
17. Landolt, E. and Kandeler, R. (1987) The Family of Lemnaceae-A Monographic Study. Vol. 2. Biosystematic Investigations in the Family of Duckweeds (Lemnaceae). Veröffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes der ETH, Stiftung Rübel, Zürich.
18. Ley, S., Doelger, K. and Appenroth, K.-J. (1997) Carbohydrate metabolism as a possible physiological modulator of dormancy in turions of Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden. Plant Sci. 129: 1-7. (Pubitemid 27463110)
19. Lloyd, J.R., Blennow, A., Burhenne, K. and Kossmann, J. (2004) Repression of a novel isoform of disproportionating enzyme (stDPE2) in potato leads to inhibition of starch degradation in leaves but not in tubers stored at low temperature. Plant Physiol. 134: 1-8.
20. Lloyd, J.R., Kossmann, J. and Ritte, G. (2005) Leaf starch degradation comes out of the shadows. Trends Plant Sci. 10: 130-137. (Pubitemid 40323297)
21. Lorberth, R., Ritte, G., Willmitzer, L. and Kossmann, J. (1998) Inhibition of a starch-granule-bound protein leads to modified starch and repression of cold sweetening. Nat. Biotechnol. 16: 473-477. (Pubitemid 28211202)
22. Lu, Y. and Sharkey, T.D. (2006) The importance of maltose in transitory starch breakdown. Plant Cell Environ. 29: 353-366.
23. Peroni, F.A.G., Koike, C., Louro, R.P., Purgatto, E., Do Nascimento, J.R.O., Lajolo, F.M. et al. (2008) Mango starch degradation. II. The binding of a-amylase and b-amylase to the starch granule. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56: 7416-7421.
24. Reimann, R., Hippler, M., Machelett, B. and Appenroth, K.-J. (2004) Light induces phosphorylation of glucan water dikinase, which precedes starch degradation in turions of the duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza. Plant Physiol. 135: 1-8.
25. Reimann, R., Ritte, G., Steup, M. and Appenroth, K.-J. (2002) Association of alpha-amylase and the R1 protein with starch granules precedes the initiation of net starch degradation in turions of Spirodela polyrhiza. Physiol. Plant. 114: 2-12. (Pubitemid 34527356)
26. Reimann, R., Ziegler, P. and Appenroth, K.-J. (2007) The binding of a-amylase to starch plays a decisive role in the initiation of storage starch degradation in turions of Spirodela polyrhiza. Physiol. Plant. 129: 334-341. (Pubitemid 46072488)
27. Ritchie, S., Swanson, S.J. and Gilroy, S. (2000) Physiology of aleurone layer and starchy endosperm during grain development and early seedling growth: new insights from cell and molecular biology. Seed Sci. Res. 10: 193-212.
28. Ritte, G., Heydenreich, M., Mahlow, S., Haebel, S., Kötting, O. and Steup, M. (2006) Phosphorylation of C6- and C3-positions of gly-cosyl residues in starch is catalysed by distinct dikinases. FEBS Lett. 580: 4872-4876. (Pubitemid 44376386)
29. Smith, S.M., Fulton, D.C., Chia, T., Thorneycroft, D., Chapple, A., Dunstan, H. et al. (2004) Diurnal changes in the transcriptome encoding enzymes of starch metabolism provide evidence for both transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of starch metabolism in Arabidopsis leaves. Plant Physiol. 136: 2687-2699. (Pubitemid 41071308)
30. Smith, A.M., Zeeman, S.C., Thorneycroft, D. and Smith, S.M. (2003) Starch mobilization in leaves. J. Exp. Bot. 54: 577-583. (Pubitemid 36122053)
31. Tirlapur, U.K., Dahse, I., Probandt, R., Fischer, W. and Appenroth, K.-J. (1999) Phytochrome-induced transmissible signal elicits germination response in turions of Spirodela polyrhiza. Physiol. Plant. 105: 539-545.
32. Yu, T.-S., Zeeman, S.C., Thorneycroft, D., Fulton, D.C., Dunstan, H., Lue, W.-L. et al. (2005) a-Amylase is not required for breakdown of transitory starch in Arabidopsis leaves. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 9773-9779. (Pubitemid 40395822)
33. Zeeman, S.C., Delatte, T., Messerli, G., Umhang, M., Stettler, M., Mettler, T. et al. (2007a) Starch breakdown: recent discoveries suggest distinct pathways and novel mechanisms. Funct. Plant Biol. 34: 465-473. (Pubitemid 46869647)
34. Zeeman, S.C., Smith, S.M. and Smith, A.M. (2007b) The diurnal metabolism of leaf starch. Biochem. J. 401: 13-28. (Pubitemid 46114596)
35. Ziegler, P. (1995) Carbohydrate degradation during seed development. In Seed Development and Germination. Edited by Kigel, J. and Galili, G. pp. 447-474. pp. 447-474. Dekker, New York.