메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 440-450

Poro-viscoelastic constitutive modeling of unconfined creep of hydrogels using finite element analysis with integrated optimization method

Author keywords

Constitutive modeling; Finite element analysis; Hydrogel; Poro viscoelasticity; Unconfined compression

Indexed keywords

CONSTITUTIVE MODELING; CREEP STRAIN; CROSS-LINKED POLYMERS; ELEMENT CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; EQUILIBRIUM WATER CONTENTS; FE METHOD; FE MODELING; FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS; FINITE ELEMENTS; HYDROPHOBIC SEGMENT; INTEGRATED OPTIMIZATION; LOAD-BEARING TISSUES; MATERIAL PARAMETER; OPTIMIZATION METHOD; POLY(ETHYLENE-CO-VINYL ALCOHOL); POLY(VINYL PYRROLIDONE); POLYMER CONCENTRATIONS; PORO-VISCOELASTICITY; PVA HYDROGEL; TEST DATA; TIME DEPENDENT BEHAVIOR; UNCONFINED COMPRESSION; VISCO-ELASTIC MATERIAL; VISCOELASTIC CONSTITUTIVE MODELS;

EID: 79751532367     PISSN: 17516161     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2010.12.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (32)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 79751528712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ABAQUS, ABAQUS documentation 6.4, ABAQUS, Inc., Pawtucket, RI
    • ABAQUS, 2003. ABAQUS documentation 6.4, ABAQUS, Inc., Pawtucket, RI.
    • (2003)
  • 3
    • 0030270650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poroelastic creep response analysis of a lumbar motion segment in compression
    • Argoubi M., Shirazi-Adl A. Poroelastic creep response analysis of a lumbar motion segment in compression. Journal of Biomechanics 1996, 29(10):1331-1339.
    • (1996) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.29 , Issue.10 , pp. 1331-1339
    • Argoubi, M.1    Shirazi-Adl, A.2
  • 4
    • 79751525319 scopus 로고
    • Hydrogel intervertebral disc nucleus. Patent Number 5,047,055. US
    • Bao, Q., Higham, P., 1991. Hydrogel intervertebral disc nucleus. Patent Number 5,047,055. US.
    • (1991)
    • Bao, Q.1    Higham, P.2
  • 5
    • 0031143610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional, finite deformation, viscoplastic constitutive models for polymeric materials
    • Bardenhagen S., Stout M., et al. Three-dimensional, finite deformation, viscoplastic constitutive models for polymeric materials. Mechanics of Materials 1997, 25(4):235-253.
    • (1997) Mechanics of Materials , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 235-253
    • Bardenhagen, S.1    Stout, M.2
  • 7
    • 0032103414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of physicochemical swelling in cartilage illustrated with a model hydrogel system
    • Broom N.D., Oloyede A. The importance of physicochemical swelling in cartilage illustrated with a model hydrogel system. Biomaterials 1998, 19(13):1179-1188.
    • (1998) Biomaterials , vol.19 , Issue.13 , pp. 1179-1188
    • Broom, N.D.1    Oloyede, A.2
  • 8
    • 0006109857 scopus 로고
    • Formation of hydrogel of polyacrylamide in solution by gamma-irradiation
    • Burillo G., Ogawa T. Formation of hydrogel of polyacrylamide in solution by gamma-irradiation. Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 1980, 1(9):545-550.
    • (1980) Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications , vol.1 , Issue.9 , pp. 545-550
    • Burillo, G.1    Ogawa, T.2
  • 9
    • 34248153238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A biphasic model for micro-indentation of a hydrogel-based contact lens
    • Chen X., Dunn A.C., et al. A biphasic model for micro-indentation of a hydrogel-based contact lens. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 2007, 129:156-163.
    • (2007) Journal of Biomechanical Engineering , vol.129 , pp. 156-163
    • Chen, X.1    Dunn, A.C.2
  • 12
    • 0033497937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanical-chemical attachment between the artificial articular cartilage (PVA-hydrogel) and metal substrate (or underlying bone)
    • Gu Z.Q., Xiao J.M., et al. The mechanical-chemical attachment between the artificial articular cartilage (PVA-hydrogel) and metal substrate (or underlying bone). Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 1999, 9(5-6):347-351.
    • (1999) Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering , vol.9 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 347-351
    • Gu, Z.Q.1    Xiao, J.M.2
  • 13
    • 0028462781 scopus 로고
    • Thermosensitive interpenetrating polymer networks-synthesis, characterization, and macromolecular release
    • Gutowska A., Bae Y.H., et al. Thermosensitive interpenetrating polymer networks-synthesis, characterization, and macromolecular release. Macromolecules 1994, 27(15):4167-4175.
    • (1994) Macromolecules , vol.27 , Issue.15 , pp. 4167-4175
    • Gutowska, A.1    Bae, Y.H.2
  • 14
    • 0345818180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photo-cross-linkable PNIPAAm copolymers. 5. Mechanical properties of hydrogel layers
    • Harmon M.E., Kucking D., et al. Photo-cross-linkable PNIPAAm copolymers. 5. Mechanical properties of hydrogel layers. Langmuir 2003, 19(26):10660-10665.
    • (2003) Langmuir , vol.19 , Issue.26 , pp. 10660-10665
    • Harmon, M.E.1    Kucking, D.2
  • 15
    • 84971761901 scopus 로고
    • Environmentally sensitive polymers and hydrogels: 'smart' biomaterials
    • Hoffman A. Environmentally sensitive polymers and hydrogels: 'smart' biomaterials. MRS Bulletin 1991, 42-46.
    • (1991) MRS Bulletin , pp. 42-46
    • Hoffman, A.1
  • 16
    • 7044272855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swelling behavior of thermoreversible poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-vinylimidazole) hydrogels
    • Isik B., Gunay Y. Swelling behavior of thermoreversible poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-vinylimidazole) hydrogels. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2004, 94(4):1619-1624.
    • (2004) Journal of Applied Polymer Science , vol.94 , Issue.4 , pp. 1619-1624
    • Isik, B.1    Gunay, Y.2
  • 17
    • 33747620101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymers for tissue engineering, medical devices, and regenerative medicine. Concise general review of recent studies
    • Jagur-Grodzinski J. Polymers for tissue engineering, medical devices, and regenerative medicine. Concise general review of recent studies. Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2006, 17(6):395-418.
    • (2006) Polymers for Advanced Technologies , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 395-418
    • Jagur-Grodzinski, J.1
  • 18
    • 44649130100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time-dependent mechanical characterization of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels using nanoindentation and unconfined compression
    • Kaufman J.D., Miller G.J., et al. Time-dependent mechanical characterization of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels using nanoindentation and unconfined compression. Journal of Materials Research 2008, 23(5):1472-1481.
    • (2008) Journal of Materials Research , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 1472-1481
    • Kaufman, J.D.1    Miller, G.J.2
  • 19
    • 79751530265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of particle interaction with polymer multi-layered structures. Ph.D. Thesis. The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania
    • Kim, B., 1999. Modeling of particle interaction with polymer multi-layered structures. Ph.D. Thesis. The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania.
    • (1999)
    • Kim, B.1
  • 20
    • 3142706002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a polyvinyl alcohol-hydrogel artificial articular cartilage prepared by injection molding
    • Kobayashi M., Oka M. Characterization of a polyvinyl alcohol-hydrogel artificial articular cartilage prepared by injection molding. Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition 2004, 15(6):741-751.
    • (2004) Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition , vol.15 , Issue.6 , pp. 741-751
    • Kobayashi, M.1    Oka, M.2
  • 21
    • 0037342514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of an artificial meniscus using polyvinyl alcohol-hydrogel for early return to, and continuance of, athletic life in sportspersons with severe meniscus injury. I: mechanical evaluation
    • Kobayashi M., Toguchida J., et al. Development of an artificial meniscus using polyvinyl alcohol-hydrogel for early return to, and continuance of, athletic life in sportspersons with severe meniscus injury. I: mechanical evaluation. Knee 2003, 10(1):47-51.
    • (2003) Knee , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 47-51
    • Kobayashi, M.1    Toguchida, J.2
  • 22
    • 0037290220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary study of polyvinyl alcohol-hydrogel (PVA-H) artificial meniscus
    • Kobayashi M., Toguchida J., et al. Preliminary study of polyvinyl alcohol-hydrogel (PVA-H) artificial meniscus. Biomaterials 2003, 24(4):639-647.
    • (2003) Biomaterials , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 639-647
    • Kobayashi, M.1    Toguchida, J.2
  • 23
    • 33947607036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theory of amorphous viscoelastic solids undergoing finite deformations with application to hydrogels
    • Korchagin V., Dolbow J., et al. A theory of amorphous viscoelastic solids undergoing finite deformations with application to hydrogels. International Journal of Solids and Structures 2007, 44(11-12):3973-3997.
    • (2007) International Journal of Solids and Structures , vol.44 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 3973-3997
    • Korchagin, V.1    Dolbow, J.2
  • 24
    • 0037199542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photo-cross-linkable PNIPAAm copolymers. 1. Synthesis and characterization of constrained temperature-responsive hydrogel layers
    • Kuckling D., Harmon M.E., et al. Photo-cross-linkable PNIPAAm copolymers. 1. Synthesis and characterization of constrained temperature-responsive hydrogel layers. Macromolecules 2002, 35(16):6377-6383.
    • (2002) Macromolecules , vol.35 , Issue.16 , pp. 6377-6383
    • Kuckling, D.1    Harmon, M.E.2
  • 25
    • 38149052992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States part II
    • Lawrence R.C., Felson D.T., et al. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States part II. Arthritis & Rheumatism 2008, 58(1):26-35.
    • (2008) Arthritis & Rheumatism , vol.58 , Issue.1 , pp. 26-35
    • Lawrence, R.C.1    Felson, D.T.2
  • 26
    • 33847057733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverse analysis of constitutive models: biological soft tissues
    • Lei F., Szeri A.Z. Inverse analysis of constitutive models: biological soft tissues. Journal of Biomechanics 2007, 40(4):936-940.
    • (2007) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 936-940
    • Lei, F.1    Szeri, A.Z.2
  • 27
    • 33244459888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arthroscopic evaluation of cartilage degeneration using indentation testing-influence of indenter geometry
    • Li L.P., Herzog W. Arthroscopic evaluation of cartilage degeneration using indentation testing-influence of indenter geometry. Clinical Biomechanics 2006, 21(4):420-426.
    • (2006) Clinical Biomechanics , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 420-426
    • Li, L.P.1    Herzog, W.2
  • 28
    • 40949122428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation and mechanical characterization of a PNIPA hydrogel composite
    • Liu K., Ovaert T.C., et al. Preparation and mechanical characterization of a PNIPA hydrogel composite. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 2008, 19(4):1815-1821.
    • (2008) Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 1815-1821
    • Liu, K.1    Ovaert, T.C.2
  • 29
    • 79751524058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of irradiation on the tensile properties of injection molded PVA hydrogels. In: Society for Biomaterials 31st Annual Meeting Transactions. Pittsburgh, PA
    • Liu, K., Thomas, B., et al. 2006. Effect of irradiation on the tensile properties of injection molded PVA hydrogels. In: Society for Biomaterials 31st Annual Meeting Transactions. Pittsburgh, PA.
    • (2006)
    • Liu, K.1    Thomas, B.2
  • 30
    • 79751534181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meniscus-type implant with hydrogel surface reinforced by three-dimensional mesh. Patent Number 6,629,997. United States
    • Mansmann, K.A., 2003. Meniscus-type implant with hydrogel surface reinforced by three-dimensional mesh. Patent Number 6,629,997. United States.
    • (2003)
    • Mansmann, K.A.1
  • 31
    • 0344950386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elastic properties of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(acrylamide) hydrogels studied by scanning force microscopy
    • Matzelle T.R., Geuskens G., et al. Elastic properties of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(acrylamide) hydrogels studied by scanning force microscopy. Macromolecules 2003, 36(8):2926-2931.
    • (2003) Macromolecules , vol.36 , Issue.8 , pp. 2926-2931
    • Matzelle, T.R.1    Geuskens, G.2
  • 32
    • 0018983548 scopus 로고
    • Biphasic creep and stress-relaxation of articular-cartilage in compression-theory and experiments
    • Mow V.C., Kuei S.C., et al. Biphasic creep and stress-relaxation of articular-cartilage in compression-theory and experiments. Transactions of the ASME. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 1980, 102(1):73-84.
    • (1980) Transactions of the ASME. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering , vol.102 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-84
    • Mow, V.C.1    Kuei, S.C.2
  • 33
    • 0034237147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of temperature on the permeability of polyacrylamide hydrogels and semi-IPNs with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
    • Muniz E., Geuskens G. Influence of temperature on the permeability of polyacrylamide hydrogels and semi-IPNs with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Journal of Membrane Science 2000, 172(1-2):287-293.
    • (2000) Journal of Membrane Science , vol.172 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 287-293
    • Muniz, E.1    Geuskens, G.2
  • 34
    • 0035913002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compressive elastic modulus of polyacrylamide hydrogels and semi-IPNs with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
    • Muniz E., Geuskens G. Compressive elastic modulus of polyacrylamide hydrogels and semi-IPNs with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Macromolecules 2001, 34(13):4480-4484.
    • (2001) Macromolecules , vol.34 , Issue.13 , pp. 4480-4484
    • Muniz, E.1    Geuskens, G.2
  • 35
    • 0035680481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyacrylamide hydrogels and semi-interpenetrating networks (IPNs) with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): mechanical properties by measure of compressive elastic modulus
    • Muniz E., Geuskens G. Polyacrylamide hydrogels and semi-interpenetrating networks (IPNs) with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): mechanical properties by measure of compressive elastic modulus. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 2001, 12(10-12):879-881.
    • (2001) Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine , vol.12 , Issue.10-12 , pp. 879-881
    • Muniz, E.1    Geuskens, G.2
  • 36
    • 0026168125 scopus 로고
    • Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel as an artificial articular-cartilage-evaluation of biocompatibility
    • Noguichi T., Yamamuro T., et al. Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel as an artificial articular-cartilage-evaluation of biocompatibility. Journal of Applied Biomaterials 1991, 2(2):101-107.
    • (1991) Journal of Applied Biomaterials , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-107
    • Noguichi, T.1    Yamamuro, T.2
  • 38
    • 33748298917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dual optimization method for the material parameter identification of a biphasic poroviscoelastic hydrogel: potential application to hypercompliant soft tissues
    • Olberding J.E., Suh J.K.F. A dual optimization method for the material parameter identification of a biphasic poroviscoelastic hydrogel: potential application to hypercompliant soft tissues. Journal of Biomechanics 2006, 39(13):2468-2475.
    • (2006) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.39 , Issue.13 , pp. 2468-2475
    • Olberding, J.E.1    Suh, J.K.F.2
  • 39
    • 0344083614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-parameter models of the viscoelastic/plastic mechanical properties of coatings via combined nanoindentation and non-linear finite element modeling
    • Ovaert T., Kim B., et al. Multi-parameter models of the viscoelastic/plastic mechanical properties of coatings via combined nanoindentation and non-linear finite element modeling. Progress in Organic Coatings 2003, 47(3-4):312-323.
    • (2003) Progress in Organic Coatings , vol.47 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 312-323
    • Ovaert, T.1    Kim, B.2
  • 40
    • 27344452377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spherical indentation creep following ramp loading
    • Oyen M.L. Spherical indentation creep following ramp loading. Journal of Materials Research 2005, 20(8):2094-2100.
    • (2005) Journal of Materials Research , vol.20 , Issue.8 , pp. 2094-2100
    • Oyen, M.L.1
  • 42
    • 20444480556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constitutive formulation of the mechanical properties of synthetic hydrogels. In: Proceedings of IMECE04. 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Ahaheim, CA
    • Rachev, A., Elshazly, T., et al. 2004. Constitutive formulation of the mechanical properties of synthetic hydrogels. In: Proceedings of IMECE04. 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Ahaheim, CA.
    • (2004)
    • Rachev, A.1    Elshazly, T.2
  • 43
    • 0034850677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irradiation of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone blended hydrogel for wound dressing
    • Razzak M., Darwis D., et al. Irradiation of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone blended hydrogel for wound dressing. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2001, 62(1):107-113.
    • (2001) Radiation Physics and Chemistry , vol.62 , Issue.1 , pp. 107-113
    • Razzak, M.1    Darwis, D.2
  • 44
    • 21344457738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experimental and finite element poroelastic creep response analysis of an intervertebral hydrogel disc model in axial compression
    • Silva P., Crozier S., et al. An experimental and finite element poroelastic creep response analysis of an intervertebral hydrogel disc model in axial compression. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 2005, 16(7):663-669.
    • (2005) Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine , vol.16 , Issue.7 , pp. 663-669
    • Silva, P.1    Crozier, S.2
  • 45
    • 0035128067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical properties of a novel PVA hydrogel in shear and unconfined compression
    • Stammen J., Williams S., et al. Mechanical properties of a novel PVA hydrogel in shear and unconfined compression. Biomaterials 2001, 22(8):799-806.
    • (2001) Biomaterials , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 799-806
    • Stammen, J.1    Williams, S.2
  • 46
    • 0142000477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential evolution-a simple and efficient heuristic for global optimization over continuous spaces
    • Storn R., Price K. Differential evolution-a simple and efficient heuristic for global optimization over continuous spaces. Journal of Global Optimization 1997, 11(4):341-359.
    • (1997) Journal of Global Optimization , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 341-359
    • Storn, R.1    Price, K.2
  • 47
    • 28544451780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An elastic material for cartilage replacement in an arthritic shoulder joint
    • Swieszkowski W., Ku D.N., et al. An elastic material for cartilage replacement in an arthritic shoulder joint. Biomaterials 2006, 27(8):1534-1541.
    • (2006) Biomaterials , vol.27 , Issue.8 , pp. 1534-1541
    • Swieszkowski, W.1    Ku, D.N.2
  • 48
    • 0031362662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in Young's modulus of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gels by volume phase transition
    • Takigawa T., Yamawaki T., et al. Change in Young's modulus of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gels by volume phase transition. Polymer Gels and Networks 1997, 5(6):585-589.
    • (1997) Polymer Gels and Networks , vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp. 585-589
    • Takigawa, T.1    Yamawaki, T.2
  • 50
    • 79751527014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blend hydrogels and methods of making. Patent Application Number 20060188487 A1. US.
    • Thomas, B., Yakimicki, D., et al. 2006. Blend hydrogels and methods of making. Patent Application Number 20060188487 A1. US.
    • (2006)
    • Thomas, B.1    Yakimicki, D.2
  • 51
    • 3242753448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prosthetic replacement of the medial meniscus in cadaver knees
    • Tienen T.G., Verdonschot N., et al. Prosthetic replacement of the medial meniscus in cadaver knees. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2004, 32(5):1182-1188.
    • (2004) The American Journal of Sports Medicine , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 1182-1188
    • Tienen, T.G.1    Verdonschot, N.2
  • 52
    • 0027911272 scopus 로고
    • Poisson ratio of poly(vinyl alcohol) gels
    • Urayama K., Takigawa T., et al. Poisson ratio of poly(vinyl alcohol) gels. Macromolecules 1993, 26(12):3092-3096.
    • (1993) Macromolecules , vol.26 , Issue.12 , pp. 3092-3096
    • Urayama, K.1    Takigawa, T.2
  • 53
    • 0042028257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head-an experimental study in the dog
    • B
    • Ushio K., Oka M., et al. Partial hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head-an experimental study in the dog. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, British Volume 2003, 85B(6):922-930.
    • (2003) Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, British Volume , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 922-930
    • Ushio, K.1    Oka, M.2
  • 56
    • 0842286650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stresses in the local collagen network of articular cartilage: a poroviscoelastic fibril-reinforced finite element study
    • Wilson W., van Donkelaar C.C., et al. Stresses in the local collagen network of articular cartilage: a poroviscoelastic fibril-reinforced finite element study. Journal of Biomechanics 2004, 37(3):357-366.
    • (2004) Journal of Biomechanics , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 357-366
    • Wilson, W.1    van Donkelaar, C.C.2
  • 57
    • 0034746467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Network and swelling parameters of chemically crosslinked thermoreversible hydrogels
    • Xue W., Champ S., et al. Network and swelling parameters of chemically crosslinked thermoreversible hydrogels. Polymer 2001, 42(8):3665-3669.
    • (2001) Polymer , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 3665-3669
    • Xue, W.1    Champ, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.