메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 23, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 115-125

Sepsis-Induced Tissue Hypoperfusion

Author keywords

Emergency; Hypoperfusion; Infection; Lactate; Resuscitation; Sepsis; Septic shock

Indexed keywords

OXYGEN;

EID: 79751470456     PISSN: 08995885     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2010.12.007     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (18)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0034958947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care
    • Angus D.C., Linde-Zwirble W.T., Lidicker J., et al. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med 2001, 29:1303-1310.
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 1303-1310
    • Angus, D.C.1    Linde-Zwirble, W.T.2    Lidicker, J.3
  • 2
    • 34247338128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: a trend analysis from 1993 to 2003
    • Dombrovskiy V.Y., Martin A.A., Sunderram J., et al. Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: a trend analysis from 1993 to 2003. Crit Care Med 2007, 35:1244-1250.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 1244-1250
    • Dombrovskiy, V.Y.1    Martin, A.A.2    Sunderram, J.3
  • 4
    • 0042335811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bench to bedside: the role of mitochondrial medicine in the pathogenesis and treatment of cellular injury
    • Watts J.A., Kline J.A. Bench to bedside: the role of mitochondrial medicine in the pathogenesis and treatment of cellular injury. Acad Emerg Med 2003, 10:985-997.
    • (2003) Acad Emerg Med , vol.10 , pp. 985-997
    • Watts, J.A.1    Kline, J.A.2
  • 5
    • 0027920980 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenetic mechanisms of septic shock
    • Parrillo J.E. Pathogenetic mechanisms of septic shock. N Engl J Med 1993, 328:1471-1477.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , pp. 1471-1477
    • Parrillo, J.E.1
  • 6
    • 0037426726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis
    • Hotchkiss R.S., Karl I.E. The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:138-150.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 138-150
    • Hotchkiss, R.S.1    Karl, I.E.2
  • 7
    • 0025303027 scopus 로고
    • Septic shock in humans. Advances in the understanding of pathogenesis, cardiovascular dysfunction, and therapy
    • Parrillo J.E., Parker M.M., Natanson C., et al. Septic shock in humans. Advances in the understanding of pathogenesis, cardiovascular dysfunction, and therapy. Ann Intern Med 1990, 113:227-242.
    • (1990) Ann Intern Med , vol.113 , pp. 227-242
    • Parrillo, J.E.1    Parker, M.M.2    Natanson, C.3
  • 8
    • 0021279377 scopus 로고
    • Profound but reversible myocardial depression in patients with septic shock
    • Parker M.M., Shelhamer J.H., Bacharach S.L., et al. Profound but reversible myocardial depression in patients with septic shock. Ann Intern Med 1984, 100:483-490.
    • (1984) Ann Intern Med , vol.100 , pp. 483-490
    • Parker, M.M.1    Shelhamer, J.H.2    Bacharach, S.L.3
  • 9
    • 0037352616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular management of septic shock
    • Dellinger R.P. Cardiovascular management of septic shock. Crit Care Med 2003, 31:946-955.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 946-955
    • Dellinger, R.P.1
  • 10
    • 0034112616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial dysfunction in septic shock
    • Kumar A., Haery C., Parrillo J.E. Myocardial dysfunction in septic shock. Crit Care Clin 2000, 16:251-287.
    • (2000) Crit Care Clin , vol.16 , pp. 251-287
    • Kumar, A.1    Haery, C.2    Parrillo, J.E.3
  • 11
    • 36048933359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamic optimization of sepsis-induced tissue hypoperfusion
    • Zanotti Cavazzoni S.L., Dellinger R.P. Hemodynamic optimization of sepsis-induced tissue hypoperfusion. Crit Care 2006, 10(Suppl 3):S2.
    • (2006) Crit Care , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Zanotti Cavazzoni, S.L.1    Dellinger, R.P.2
  • 12
    • 0036644655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microvascular blood flow is altered in patients with sepsis
    • De Backer D., Creteur J., Preiser J.C., et al. Microvascular blood flow is altered in patients with sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002, 166:98-104.
    • (2002) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.166 , pp. 98-104
    • De Backer, D.1    Creteur, J.2    Preiser, J.C.3
  • 13
    • 4444233598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent microcirculatory alterations are associated with organ failure and death in patients with septic shock
    • Sakr Y., Dubois M.J., De Backer D., et al. Persistent microcirculatory alterations are associated with organ failure and death in patients with septic shock. Crit Care Med 2004, 32:1825-1831.
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 1825-1831
    • Sakr, Y.1    Dubois, M.J.2    De Backer, D.3
  • 14
    • 0028053865 scopus 로고
    • Microvascular perfusion is impaired in a rat model of normotensive sepsis
    • Lam C., Tyml K., Martin C., et al. Microvascular perfusion is impaired in a rat model of normotensive sepsis. J Clin Invest 1994, 94:2077-2083.
    • (1994) J Clin Invest , vol.94 , pp. 2077-2083
    • Lam, C.1    Tyml, K.2    Martin, C.3
  • 15
    • 0033847206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of perfusion pressure on tissue perfusion in septic shock
    • LeDoux D., Astiz M.E., Carpati C.M., et al. Effects of perfusion pressure on tissue perfusion in septic shock. Crit Care Med 2000, 28:2729-2732.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 2729-2732
    • LeDoux, D.1    Astiz, M.E.2    Carpati, C.M.3
  • 16
    • 27144502125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical manifestations of disordered microcirculatory perfusion in severe sepsis
    • Trzeciak S., Rivers E.P. Clinical manifestations of disordered microcirculatory perfusion in severe sepsis. Crit Care 2005, 9(Suppl 4):S20-S26.
    • (2005) Crit Care , vol.9 , Issue.SUPPL. 4
    • Trzeciak, S.1    Rivers, E.P.2
  • 17
    • 11344279695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bench-to-bedside review: sepsis is a disease of the microcirculation
    • Spronk P.E., Zandstra D.F., Ince C. Bench-to-bedside review: sepsis is a disease of the microcirculation. Crit Care 2004, 8:462-468.
    • (2004) Crit Care , vol.8 , pp. 462-468
    • Spronk, P.E.1    Zandstra, D.F.2    Ince, C.3
  • 18
    • 0141920370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bench-to-bedside review: microvascular dysfunction in sepsis-hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and nitric oxide
    • Bateman R.M., Sharpe M.D., Ellis C.G. Bench-to-bedside review: microvascular dysfunction in sepsis-hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and nitric oxide. Crit Care 2003, 7:359-373.
    • (2003) Crit Care , vol.7 , pp. 359-373
    • Bateman, R.M.1    Sharpe, M.D.2    Ellis, C.G.3
  • 19
    • 0037588986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the endothelium in severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
    • Aird W.C. The role of the endothelium in severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Blood 2003, 101:3765-3777.
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , pp. 3765-3777
    • Aird, W.C.1
  • 20
    • 0032790876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcirculatory oxygenation and shunting in sepsis and shock
    • Ince C., Sinaasappel M. Microcirculatory oxygenation and shunting in sepsis and shock. Crit Care Med 1999, 27:1369-1377.
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 1369-1377
    • Ince, C.1    Sinaasappel, M.2
  • 21
    • 0035829842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock
    • Rivers E., Nguyen B., Havstad S., et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:1368-1377.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1368-1377
    • Rivers, E.1    Nguyen, B.2    Havstad, S.3
  • 22
    • 34548218270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of early hemodynamic optimization on biomarker patterns of severe sepsis and septic shock
    • Rivers E.P., Kruse J.A., Jacobsen G., et al. The influence of early hemodynamic optimization on biomarker patterns of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 2007, 35:2016-2024.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 2016-2024
    • Rivers, E.P.1    Kruse, J.A.2    Jacobsen, G.3
  • 23
    • 67649322442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The significance of non-sustained hypotension in emergency department patients with sepsis
    • Marchick M.R., Kline J.A., Jones A.E. The significance of non-sustained hypotension in emergency department patients with sepsis. Intensive Care Med 2009, 35:1261-1264.
    • (2009) Intensive Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 1261-1264
    • Marchick, M.R.1    Kline, J.A.2    Jones, A.E.3
  • 24
    • 0014794257 scopus 로고
    • Experimental and clinical studies on lactate and pyruvate as indicators of the severity of acute circulatory failure (shock)
    • Weil M.H., Afifi A.A. Experimental and clinical studies on lactate and pyruvate as indicators of the severity of acute circulatory failure (shock). Circulation 1970, 41:989-1001.
    • (1970) Circulation , vol.41 , pp. 989-1001
    • Weil, M.H.1    Afifi, A.A.2
  • 25
    • 0030185712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between arterial and peripheral venous lactate levels
    • Younger J.G., Falk J.L., Rothrock S.G. Relationship between arterial and peripheral venous lactate levels. Acad Emerg Med 1996, 3:730-734.
    • (1996) Acad Emerg Med , vol.3 , pp. 730-734
    • Younger, J.G.1    Falk, J.L.2    Rothrock, S.G.3
  • 26
    • 34250348645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of the effect of in vitro time, temperature, and tourniquet use on whole blood venous point-of-care lactate concentrations
    • Jones A.E., Leonard M.M., Hernandez-Nino J., et al. Determination of the effect of in vitro time, temperature, and tourniquet use on whole blood venous point-of-care lactate concentrations. Acad Emerg Med 2007, 14:587-591.
    • (2007) Acad Emerg Med , vol.14 , pp. 587-591
    • Jones, A.E.1    Leonard, M.M.2    Hernandez-Nino, J.3
  • 27
    • 0022173579 scopus 로고
    • Delayed lactate clearance in patients surviving circulatory shock
    • Falk J.L., Rackow E.C., Leavy J., et al. Delayed lactate clearance in patients surviving circulatory shock. Acute Care 1985, 11:212-215.
    • (1985) Acute Care , vol.11 , pp. 212-215
    • Falk, J.L.1    Rackow, E.C.2    Leavy, J.3
  • 28
    • 0026072138 scopus 로고
    • Lack of a relationship between induced changes in oxygen consumption and changes in lactate levels
    • Silverman H.J. Lack of a relationship between induced changes in oxygen consumption and changes in lactate levels. Chest 1991, 100:1012-1015.
    • (1991) Chest , vol.100 , pp. 1012-1015
    • Silverman, H.J.1
  • 29
    • 0029072748 scopus 로고
    • Combined measurements of blood lactate concentrations and gastric intramucosal pH in patients with severe sepsis
    • Friedman G., Berlot G., Kahn R.J., et al. Combined measurements of blood lactate concentrations and gastric intramucosal pH in patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care Med 1995, 23:1184-1192.
    • (1995) Crit Care Med , vol.23 , pp. 1184-1192
    • Friedman, G.1    Berlot, G.2    Kahn, R.J.3
  • 30
    • 0027453585 scopus 로고
    • Lactate clearance and survival following injury
    • Abramson D., Scalea T.M., Hitchcock R., et al. Lactate clearance and survival following injury. J Trauma 1993, 35:584-589.
    • (1993) J Trauma , vol.35 , pp. 584-589
    • Abramson, D.1    Scalea, T.M.2    Hitchcock, R.3
  • 31
    • 0019996994 scopus 로고
    • Blood lactate as a prognostic indicator of survival in patients with acute myocardial infarction
    • Henning R.J., Weil M.H., Weiner F. Blood lactate as a prognostic indicator of survival in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circ Shock 1982, 9:307-315.
    • (1982) Circ Shock , vol.9 , pp. 307-315
    • Henning, R.J.1    Weil, M.H.2    Weiner, F.3
  • 32
    • 0025735897 scopus 로고
    • Blood lactate levels are superior to oxygen-derived variables in predicting outcome in human septic shock
    • Bakker J., Coffernils M., Leon M., et al. Blood lactate levels are superior to oxygen-derived variables in predicting outcome in human septic shock. Chest 1991, 99:956-962.
    • (1991) Chest , vol.99 , pp. 956-962
    • Bakker, J.1    Coffernils, M.2    Leon, M.3
  • 33
    • 0030024779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial blood lactate levels can predict the development of multiple organ failure following septic shock
    • Bakker J., Gris P., Coffernils M., et al. Serial blood lactate levels can predict the development of multiple organ failure following septic shock. Am J Surg 1996, 171:221-226.
    • (1996) Am J Surg , vol.171 , pp. 221-226
    • Bakker, J.1    Gris, P.2    Coffernils, M.3
  • 34
    • 0021954717 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen delivery in critically ill patients. Relationship to blood lactate and survival
    • Rashkin M.C., Bosken C., Baughman R.P. Oxygen delivery in critically ill patients. Relationship to blood lactate and survival. Chest 1985, 87:580-584.
    • (1985) Chest , vol.87 , pp. 580-584
    • Rashkin, M.C.1    Bosken, C.2    Baughman, R.P.3
  • 35
    • 0020593675 scopus 로고
    • Serial lactate determinations during circulatory shock
    • Vincent J.-L., Dufaye P., Berre J., et al. Serial lactate determinations during circulatory shock. Crit Care Med 1983, 11:449-451.
    • (1983) Crit Care Med , vol.11 , pp. 449-451
    • Vincent, J.-L.1    Dufaye, P.2    Berre, J.3
  • 36
    • 0023607880 scopus 로고
    • Serial cardiovascular variables in survivors and nonsurvivors of human septic shock: heart rate as an early predictor of progress
    • Parker M.M., Shelhamer J.H., Natanson C., et al. Serial cardiovascular variables in survivors and nonsurvivors of human septic shock: heart rate as an early predictor of progress. Crit Care Med 1987, 15:923-929.
    • (1987) Crit Care Med , vol.15 , pp. 923-929
    • Parker, M.M.1    Shelhamer, J.H.2    Natanson, C.3
  • 37
    • 0030032080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure and arterial lactate level are early indicators of short-term survival in human septic shock
    • Bernardin G., Pradler C., Tiger F., et al. Blood pressure and arterial lactate level are early indicators of short-term survival in human septic shock. Intensive Care Med 1996, 22:17-25.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 17-25
    • Bernardin, G.1    Pradler, C.2    Tiger, F.3
  • 38
    • 0027427633 scopus 로고
    • A randomized clinical trial of the effect of deliberate perioperative increase of oxygen delivery on mortality in high-risk surgical patients
    • Boyd O., Grounds R.M., Bennett E.D. A randomized clinical trial of the effect of deliberate perioperative increase of oxygen delivery on mortality in high-risk surgical patients. JAMA 1993, 270:2699-2707.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 2699-2707
    • Boyd, O.1    Grounds, R.M.2    Bennett, E.D.3
  • 39
    • 11144298892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptic septic shock: a sub-analysis of early, goal-directed therapy
    • Donnino M.W., Nguyen B., Jacobsen G., et al. Cryptic septic shock: a sub-analysis of early, goal-directed therapy. Chest 2003, 124:90S.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124
    • Donnino, M.W.1    Nguyen, B.2    Jacobsen, G.3
  • 40
    • 35448971112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occult hypoperfusion and mortality in patients with suspected infection
    • Howell M.D., Donnino M., Clardy P., et al. Occult hypoperfusion and mortality in patients with suspected infection. Intensive Care Med 2007, 33:1892-1899.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 1892-1899
    • Howell, M.D.1    Donnino, M.2    Clardy, P.3
  • 41
    • 67650489580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum lactate is associated with mortality in severe sepsis independent of organ failure and shock
    • Mikkelsen M., Miltiades A., Gaieski D., et al. Serum lactate is associated with mortality in severe sepsis independent of organ failure and shock. Crit Care Med 2009, 37:1670-1677.
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 1670-1677
    • Mikkelsen, M.1    Miltiades, A.2    Gaieski, D.3
  • 42
    • 3943052086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock
    • Nguyen H.B., Rivers E.P., Knoblich B.P., et al. Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 2004, 32:1637-1642.
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 1637-1642
    • Nguyen, H.B.1    Rivers, E.P.2    Knoblich, B.P.3
  • 43
    • 70350446181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-center study of early lactate clearance as a determinant of survival in patients with presumed sepsis
    • Arnold R.C., Shapiro N.I., Jones A.E., et al. Multi-center study of early lactate clearance as a determinant of survival in patients with presumed sepsis. Shock 2009, 34:36-40.
    • (2009) Shock , vol.34 , pp. 36-40
    • Arnold, R.C.1    Shapiro, N.I.2    Jones, A.E.3
  • 44
    • 77249162677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactate clearance versus central venous oxygen saturation as goals of early sepsis therapy: a randomized clinical trial
    • Jones A.E., Shapiro N.I., Trzeciak S., et al. Lactate clearance versus central venous oxygen saturation as goals of early sepsis therapy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2010, 303:739-746.
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.303 , pp. 739-746
    • Jones, A.E.1    Shapiro, N.I.2    Trzeciak, S.3
  • 45
    • 0028872009 scopus 로고
    • A trial of goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy in critically ill patients. SvO2 Collaborative Group
    • Gattinoni L., Brazzi L., Pelosi P., et al. A trial of goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy in critically ill patients. SvO2 Collaborative Group. N Engl J Med 1995, 333:1025-1032.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1025-1032
    • Gattinoni, L.1    Brazzi, L.2    Pelosi, P.3
  • 46
    • 0036121270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, controlled trial of the pulmonary artery catheter in critically ill patients
    • [see comment]
    • Rhodes A., Cusack R.J., Newman P.J., et al. A randomized, controlled trial of the pulmonary artery catheter in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2002, 28:256-264. [see comment].
    • (2002) Intensive Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 256-264
    • Rhodes, A.1    Cusack, R.J.2    Newman, P.J.3
  • 47
    • 0345374592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early use of the pulmonary artery catheter and outcomes in patients with shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
    • Richard C., Warszawski J., Anguel N., et al. Early use of the pulmonary artery catheter and outcomes in patients with shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003, 290:2713-2720.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.290 , pp. 2713-2720
    • Richard, C.1    Warszawski, J.2    Anguel, N.3
  • 48
    • 23444461703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the clinical effectiveness of pulmonary artery catheters in management of patients in intensive care (PAC-Man): a randomized controlled trial
    • Harvey S., Harrison D.A., Singer M., et al. Assessment of the clinical effectiveness of pulmonary artery catheters in management of patients in intensive care (PAC-Man): a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2005, 366:472-477.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 472-477
    • Harvey, S.1    Harrison, D.A.2    Singer, M.3
  • 49
    • 26044460566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation study of congestive heart failure and pulmonary artery catheterization effectiveness: the ESCAPE trial
    • Binanay C., Califf R.M., Hasselblad V., et al. Evaluation study of congestive heart failure and pulmonary artery catheterization effectiveness: the ESCAPE trial. JAMA 2005, 294:1625-1633.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 1625-1633
    • Binanay, C.1    Califf, R.M.2    Hasselblad, V.3
  • 50
    • 33646859471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary-artery versus central venous catheter to guide treatment of acute lung injury
    • Ardsnet, Wheeler A.P., Bernard G.R., et al. Pulmonary-artery versus central venous catheter to guide treatment of acute lung injury. N Engl J Med 2006, 354:2213-2224.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 2213-2224
    • Ardsnet1    Wheeler, A.P.2    Bernard, G.R.3
  • 51
    • 0034977389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central venous oxygen saturation monitoring in the critically ill patient
    • Rivers E.P., Ander D.S., Powell D. Central venous oxygen saturation monitoring in the critically ill patient. Curr Opin Crit Care 2001, 7:204-211.
    • (2001) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.7 , pp. 204-211
    • Rivers, E.P.1    Ander, D.S.2    Powell, D.3
  • 52
    • 0014555452 scopus 로고
    • Critical assessment of use of central venous oxygen saturation as a mirror of mixed venous oxygen in severely ill cardiac patients
    • Scheinman M.M., Brown M.A., Rapaport E. Critical assessment of use of central venous oxygen saturation as a mirror of mixed venous oxygen in severely ill cardiac patients. Circulation 1969, 40:165-172.
    • (1969) Circulation , vol.40 , pp. 165-172
    • Scheinman, M.M.1    Brown, M.A.2    Rapaport, E.3
  • 53
    • 23044442783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends but not individual values of central venous oxygen saturation agree with mixed venous oxygen saturation during varying hemodynamic conditions
    • Dueck M.H., Klimek M., Appenrodt S., et al. Trends but not individual values of central venous oxygen saturation agree with mixed venous oxygen saturation during varying hemodynamic conditions. Anesthesiology 2005, 103:249-257.
    • (2005) Anesthesiology , vol.103 , pp. 249-257
    • Dueck, M.H.1    Klimek, M.2    Appenrodt, S.3
  • 54
    • 54049097944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pursuit of a high central venous oxygen saturation in sepsis: growing concerns
    • Bellomo R., Reade M.C., Warrillow S.J. The pursuit of a high central venous oxygen saturation in sepsis: growing concerns. Crit Care 2008, 12:130.
    • (2008) Crit Care , vol.12 , pp. 130
    • Bellomo, R.1    Reade, M.C.2    Warrillow, S.J.3
  • 55
    • 34548154784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prognostic value of muscle StO2 in septic patients
    • Creteur J., Carollo T., Soldati G., et al. The prognostic value of muscle StO2 in septic patients. Intensive Care Med 2007, 33:1549-1556.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 1549-1556
    • Creteur, J.1    Carollo, T.2    Soldati, G.3
  • 56
    • 34547907799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairments in microvascular reactivity are related to organ failure in human sepsis
    • Doerschug K.C., Delsing A.S., Schmidt G.A., et al. Impairments in microvascular reactivity are related to organ failure in human sepsis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007, 293:H1065-H1071.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.293
    • Doerschug, K.C.1    Delsing, A.S.2    Schmidt, G.A.3
  • 57
    • 34247126622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic near-infrared spectroscopy measurements in patients with severe sepsis
    • Skarda D.E., Mulier K.E., Myers D.E., et al. Dynamic near-infrared spectroscopy measurements in patients with severe sepsis. Shock 2007, 27:348-353.
    • (2007) Shock , vol.27 , pp. 348-353
    • Skarda, D.E.1    Mulier, K.E.2    Myers, D.E.3
  • 58
    • 0034831025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sublingual capnography: a clinical validation study
    • Marik P.E. Sublingual capnography: a clinical validation study. Chest 2001, 120:923-927.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.120 , pp. 923-927
    • Marik, P.E.1
  • 59
    • 33645102148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sublingual capnometry tracks microcirculatory changes in septic patients
    • Creteur J., De B.D., Sakr Y., et al. Sublingual capnometry tracks microcirculatory changes in septic patients. Intensive Care Med 2006, 32:516-523.
    • (2006) Intensive Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 516-523
    • Creteur, J.1    De, B.D.2    Sakr, Y.3
  • 60
    • 0037351579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sublingual capnometry versus traditional markers of tissue oxygenation in critically ill patients
    • Marik P.E., Bankov A. Sublingual capnometry versus traditional markers of tissue oxygenation in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 2003, 31:818-822.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 818-822
    • Marik, P.E.1    Bankov, A.2
  • 61
    • 0032828956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging: a new method for study of the microcirculation
    • Groner W., Winkelman J.W., Harris A.G., et al. Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging: a new method for study of the microcirculation. Nat Med 1999, 5:1209-1212.
    • (1999) Nat Med , vol.5 , pp. 1209-1212
    • Groner, W.1    Winkelman, J.W.2    Harris, A.G.3
  • 62
    • 0034352322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cytoscan Model E-II, a new reflectance microscope for intravital microscopy: comparison with the standard fluorescence method
    • Harris A.G., Sinitsina I., Messmer K. The Cytoscan Model E-II, a new reflectance microscope for intravital microscopy: comparison with the standard fluorescence method. J Vasc Res 2000, 37:469-476.
    • (2000) J Vasc Res , vol.37 , pp. 469-476
    • Harris, A.G.1    Sinitsina, I.2    Messmer, K.3
  • 63
    • 0034967945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of OPS imaging and conventional capillary microscopy to study the human microcirculation
    • Mathura K.R., Vollebregt K.C., Boer K., et al. Comparison of OPS imaging and conventional capillary microscopy to study the human microcirculation. J Appl Phys 2001, 91:74-78.
    • (2001) J Appl Phys , vol.91 , pp. 74-78
    • Mathura, K.R.1    Vollebregt, K.C.2    Boer, K.3
  • 64
    • 0032522750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative accuracy of three automated techniques in the noninvasive estimation of central blood pressure in men
    • Lehmann K.G., Gelman J.A., Weber M.A., et al. Comparative accuracy of three automated techniques in the noninvasive estimation of central blood pressure in men. Am J Cardiol 1998, 81:1004-1012.
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.81 , pp. 1004-1012
    • Lehmann, K.G.1    Gelman, J.A.2    Weber, M.A.3
  • 65
    • 0028275095 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of systemic oxygen delivery in the treatment of critically ill patients
    • Hayes M.A., Timmins A.C., Yau E.H., et al. Elevation of systemic oxygen delivery in the treatment of critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 1994, 330:1717-1722.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 1717-1722
    • Hayes, M.A.1    Timmins, A.C.2    Yau, E.H.3
  • 66
    • 54549122745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a quantitative resuscitation strategy on mortality in patients with sepsis: a meta-analysis
    • Jones A.E., Brown M.D., Trzeciak S., et al. The effect of a quantitative resuscitation strategy on mortality in patients with sepsis: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2008, 36:2734-2739.
    • (2008) Crit Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 2734-2739
    • Jones, A.E.1    Brown, M.D.2    Trzeciak, S.3
  • 67
    • 34547837379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamic goals in randomized clinical trials in patients with sepsis: a systematic review of the literature
    • Sevransky J.E., Nour S., Susia G.M., et al. Hemodynamic goals in randomized clinical trials in patients with sepsis: a systematic review of the literature. Crit Care 2007, 11:R67.
    • (2007) Crit Care , vol.11
    • Sevransky, J.E.1    Nour, S.2    Susia, G.M.3
  • 68
    • 37549020378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surviving sepsis campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008
    • Dellinger R.P., Levy M.M., Carlet J.M., et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Crit Care Med 2008, 36:296-327.
    • (2008) Crit Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 296-327
    • Dellinger, R.P.1    Levy, M.M.2    Carlet, J.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.