메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 223, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 511-518

Effect of fixation on brain and lymphoreticular vCJD prions and bioassay of key positive specimens from a retrospective vCJD prevalence study

Author keywords

bovine spongiform encephalopathy; prion disease; prion strain; prion transmission; variant Creutzfeldt Jakob disease

Indexed keywords

FORMALDEHYDE; GLYCOSYLATED PROTEIN; PARAFFIN; PRION PROTEIN;

EID: 79551700870     PISSN: 00223417     EISSN: 10969896     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/path.2821     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (18)

References (70)
  • 2
    • 0029831213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of prion strain variation and the aetiology of 'new variant' CJD
    • DOI 10.1038/383685a0
    • Collinge J, Sidle KC, Meads J, et al., Molecular analysis of prion strain variation and the aetiology of 'new variant' CJD. Nature 1996; 383: 685-690. (Pubitemid 26360638)
    • (1996) Nature , vol.383 , Issue.6602 , pp. 685-690
    • Collinge, J.1    Sidle, K.C.L.2    Meads, J.3    Ironside, J.4    Hill, A.F.5
  • 6
    • 0033600407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)05128-4
    • Collinge J,. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet 1999; 354: 317-323. (Pubitemid 29348751)
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , Issue.9175 , pp. 317-323
    • Collinge, J.1
  • 9
    • 73449135443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the impact on the food chain of changing bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) control measures: The BSE control model
    • Adkin A, Webster V, Arnold ME, et al., Estimating the impact on the food chain of changing bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) control measures: the BSE control model. Prev Vet Med 2010; 93: 170-182.
    • (2010) Prev Vet Med , vol.93 , pp. 170-182
    • Adkin, A.1    Webster, V.2    Arnold, M.E.3
  • 10
  • 11
    • 0034730170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species barrier independent prion replication in apparently resistant species
    • Hill AF, Joiner S, Linehan J, et al., Species barrier independent prion replication in apparently resistant species. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97: 10248-10253.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.97 , pp. 10248-10253
    • Hill, A.F.1    Joiner, S.2    Linehan, J.3
  • 12
    • 0141849465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subclinical prion infection in humans and animals
    • DOI 10.1093/bmb/66.1.161
    • Hill AF, Collinge J,. Subclinical prion infection in humans and animals. Br Med Bull 2003; 66: 161-170. (Pubitemid 37173500)
    • (2003) British Medical Bulletin , vol.66 , pp. 161-170
    • Hill, A.F.1    Collinge, J.2
  • 13
    • 0034790796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term subclinical carrier state precedes scrapie replication and adaptation in a resistant species: Analogies to bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans
    • DOI 10.1128/JVI.75.21.10106-10112.2001
    • Race R, Raines A, Raymond GJ, et al., Long-term subclinical carrier state precedes scrapie replication and adaptation in a resistant species: analogies to bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. J Virol 2001; 75: 10106-10112. (Pubitemid 32948040)
    • (2001) Journal of Virology , vol.75 , Issue.21 , pp. 10106-10112
    • Race, R.1    Raines, A.2    Raymond, G.J.3    Caughey, B.4    Chesebro, B.5
  • 14
    • 0036168776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic subclinical prion disease induced by low-dose inoculum
    • DOI 10.1128/jvi.76.5.2510-2517.2002
    • Thackray AM, Klein MA, Aguzzi A, et al., Chronic subclinical prion disease induced by low-dose inoculum. J Virol 2002; 76: 2510-2517. (Pubitemid 34150719)
    • (2002) Journal of Virology , vol.76 , Issue.5 , pp. 2510-2517
    • Thackray, A.M.1    Klein, M.A.2    Aguzzi, A.3    Bujdoso, R.4
  • 15
    • 43349102331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High incidence of subclinical infection of lymphoid tissues in scrapie-affected sheep flocks
    • Georgsson G, Adolfsdottir JA, Palsdottir A, et al., High incidence of subclinical infection of lymphoid tissues in scrapie-affected sheep flocks. Arch Virol 2008; 153: 637-644.
    • (2008) Arch Virol , vol.153 , pp. 637-644
    • Georgsson, G.1    Adolfsdottir, J.A.2    Palsdottir, A.3
  • 16
    • 14644412744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Projections of the future course of the primary vCJD epidemic in the UK: Inclusion of subclinical infection and the possibility of wider genetic susceptibility
    • Clarke P, Ghani AC,. Projections of the future course of the primary vCJD epidemic in the UK: inclusion of subclinical infection and the possibility of wider genetic susceptibility. J R Soc Interface 2005; 2: 19-31.
    • (2005) J R Soc Interface , vol.2 , pp. 19-31
    • Clarke, P.1    Ghani, A.C.2
  • 17
    • 79551695025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SEAC. SEAC 100/6. Resolving the discrepancy in current estimates [Accessed 13 September]
    • SEAC. SEAC 100/6. Resolving the discrepancy in current estimates. Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee; [Accessed 13 September 2010]: Available from:.
    • (2010) Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee
  • 18
    • 79551711622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining evidence from tissue surveys to estimate prevalence of subclinical vCJD
    • SEAC. SEAC 100/2 [Accessed 13 September]
    • SEAC. SEAC 100/2. Combining evidence from tissue surveys to estimate prevalence of subclinical vCJD. Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee; [Accessed 13 September 2010]: Available from:.
    • (2010) Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee
  • 19
    • 79551712148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the prevalence of subclinical vCJD
    • SEAC. SEAC 104/2 [Accessed 13 September]
    • SEAC. SEAC 104/2. Estimating the prevalence of subclinical vCJD. Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee; [Accessed 13 September 2010]: Available from:.
    • (2010) Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee
  • 20
    • 33745440706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kuru in the 21st century-an acquired human prion disease with very long incubation periods
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68930-7, PII S0140673606689307
    • Collinge J, Whitfield J, McKintosh E, et al., Kuru in the 21st century-an acquired human prion disease with very long incubation periods. Lancet 2006; 367: 2068-2074. (Pubitemid 43949290)
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.367 , Issue.9528 , pp. 2068-2074
    • Collinge, J.1    Whitfield, J.2    McKintosh, E.3    Beck, J.4    Mead, S.5    Thomas, D.J.6    Alpers, M.P.7
  • 21
    • 53749107527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A clinical study of kuru patients with long incubation periods at the end of the epidemic in Papua New Guinea
    • Collinge J, Whitfield J, McKintosh E, et al., A clinical study of kuru patients with long incubation periods at the end of the epidemic in Papua New Guinea. Philos Trans R Soc London Ser B Biol Sci 2008; 363: 3725-3739.
    • (2008) Philos Trans R Soc London ser B Biol Sci , vol.363 , pp. 3725-3739
    • Collinge, J.1    Whitfield, J.2    McKintosh, E.3
  • 22
    • 0034306805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative trait loci affecting prion incubation time in mice
    • Stephenson DA, Chiotti K, Ebeling C, et al., Quantitative trait loci affecting prion incubation time in mice. Genomics 2000; 69: 47-53.
    • (2000) Genomics , vol.69 , pp. 47-53
    • Stephenson, D.A.1    Chiotti, K.2    Ebeling, C.3
  • 24
    • 0036818746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of genetic loci affecting mouse-adapted bovine spongiform encephalopathy incubation time in mice
    • DOI 10.1007/s10048-002-0133-9
    • Lloyd S, Uphill JB, Targonski PV, et al., Identification of genetic loci affecting mouse-adapted bovine spongiform encephalopathy incubation time in mice. Neurogenetics 2002; 4: 77-81. (Pubitemid 36019501)
    • (2002) Neurogenetics , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 77-81
    • Lloyd, S.E.1    Uphill, J.B.2    Targonski, P.V.3    Fisher, E.M.C.4    Collinge, J.5
  • 25
    • 77954656205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Copine family member, Cpne8, is a candidate quantitative trait gene for prion disease incubation time in mouse
    • Lloyd SE, Maytham EG, Grizenkova J, et al., A Copine family member, Cpne8, is a candidate quantitative trait gene for prion disease incubation time in mouse. Neurogenetics 2009; 11: 185-191.
    • (2009) Neurogenetics , vol.11 , pp. 185-191
    • Lloyd, S.E.1    Maytham, E.G.2    Grizenkova, J.3
  • 26
    • 57249087392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic risk factors for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A genome-wide association study
    • Mead S, Poulter M, Uphill J, et al., Genetic risk factors for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a genome-wide association study. Lancet Neurol 2009; 8: 57-66.
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 57-66
    • Mead, S.1    Poulter, M.2    Uphill, J.3
  • 27
    • 61449198575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HECTD2 is associated with susceptibility to mouse and human prion disease
    • Lloyd SE, Maytham EG, Pota H, et al., HECTD2 is associated with susceptibility to mouse and human prion disease. PLoS Genet 2009; 5: e1000383.
    • (2009) PLoS Genet , vol.5
    • Lloyd, S.E.1    Maytham, E.G.2    Pota, H.3
  • 29
    • 4043157677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical vCJD after blood transfusion in a PRNP codon 129 heterozygous patient
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16811-6, PII S0140673604168116
    • Peden AH, Head MW, Ritchie DL, et al., Preclinical vCJD after blood transfusion in a PRNP codon 129 heterozygous patient. Lancet 2004; 364: 527-529. (Pubitemid 39070413)
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , Issue.9433 , pp. 527-529
    • Peden, A.H.1    Head, M.W.2    Ritchie, D.L.3    Bell, P.J.E.4    Ironside, P.J.W.5
  • 31
    • 77749322732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variant CJD infection in the spleen of a neurologically asymptomatic UK adult patient with haemophilia
    • Peden A, McCardle L, Head MW, et al., Variant CJD infection in the spleen of a neurologically asymptomatic UK adult patient with haemophilia. Haemophilia 2010; 16: 296-304.
    • (2010) Haemophilia , vol.16 , pp. 296-304
    • Peden, A.1    McCardle, L.2    Head, M.W.3
  • 32
    • 70350141829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease transmission by ocular surgery and tissue transplantation
    • Armitage WJ, Tullo AB, Ironside JW,. Risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease transmission by ocular surgery and tissue transplantation. Eye 2009; 10: 1926-1930.
    • (2009) Eye , vol.10 , pp. 1926-1930
    • Armitage, W.J.1    Tullo, A.B.2    Ironside, J.W.3
  • 34
    • 0035928432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue distribution of protease resistant prion protein in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease using a highly sensitive immunoblotting assay
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05403-4
    • Wadsworth JD, Joiner S, Hill AF, et al., Tissue distribution of protease resistant prion protein in variant CJD using a highly sensitive immuno-blotting assay. Lancet 2001; 358: 171-180. (Pubitemid 32718539)
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , Issue.9277 , pp. 171-180
    • Wadsworth, J.D.F.1    Joiner, S.2    Hill, A.F.3    Campbell, T.A.4    Desbruslais, M.5    Luthert, P.J.6    Collinge, J.7
  • 37
    • 25444525438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High levels of disease related prion protein in the ileum in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease [9]
    • DOI 10.1136/gut.2005.072447
    • Joiner S, Linehan J, Brandner S, et al., High levels of disease related prion protein in the ileum in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Gut 2005; 54: 1506-1508. (Pubitemid 41375217)
    • (2005) Gut , vol.54 , Issue.10 , pp. 1506-1508
    • Joiner, S.1    Linehan, J.M.2    Brandner, S.3    Wadsworth, J.D.F.4    Collinge, J.5
  • 38
    • 53749101923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central and peripheral pathology of kuru: Pathological analysis of a recent case and comparison with other forms of human prion disease
    • Brandner S, Whitfield J, Boone K, et al., Central and peripheral pathology of kuru: pathological analysis of a recent case and comparison with other forms of human prion disease. Philos Trans R Soc London Ser B Biol Sci 2008; 363: 3755-3763.
    • (2008) Philos Trans R Soc London ser B Biol Sci , vol.363 , pp. 3755-3763
    • Brandner, S.1    Whitfield, J.2    Boone, K.3
  • 40
    • 0032578283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prion immunoreactivity in appendix before clinical onset of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
    • Hilton DA, Fathers E, Edwards P, et al., Prion immunoreactivity in appendix before clinical onset of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet 1998; 352: 703-704.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 703-704
    • Hilton, D.A.1    Fathers, E.2    Edwards, P.3
  • 43
    • 77955302607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy: A new sporadic disease of the prion protein
    • Zou WQ, Puoti G, Xiao X, et al., Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy: a new sporadic disease of the prion protein. Ann Neurol 2010; 68: 162-172.
    • (2010) Ann Neurol , vol.68 , pp. 162-172
    • Zou, W.Q.1    Puoti, G.2    Xiao, X.3
  • 44
    • 77955295345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first case of protease-sensitive prionopathy (PSPr) in the Netherlands: A patient with an unusual GSS-like clinical phenotype
    • Jansen C, Head MW, Van Gool WA, et al., The first case of protease-sensitive prionopathy (PSPr) in The Netherlands: a patient with an unusual GSS-like clinical phenotype. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2010; 81: 1052-1055.
    • (2010) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.81 , pp. 1052-1055
    • Jansen, C.1    Head, M.W.2    Van Gool, W.A.3
  • 45
    • 70449709025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of protease sensitive prionopathy in a patient in the United Kingdom
    • Head MW, Knight R, Zeidler M, et al., A case of protease sensitive prionopathy in a patient in the United Kingdom. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2009; 35: 628-632.
    • (2009) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.35 , pp. 628-632
    • Head, M.W.1    Knight, R.2    Zeidler, M.3
  • 46
    • 4744338847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of 2000 consecutive UK tonsillectomy specimens for disease-related prion protein
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17143-2, PII S0140673604171432
    • Frosh A, Smith LC, Jackson CJ, et al., Analysis of 2000 consecutive UK tonsillectomy specimens for disease-related prion protein. Lancet 2004; 364: 1260-1262. (Pubitemid 39311347)
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , Issue.9441 , pp. 1260-1262
    • Frosh, A.1    Smith, L.C.2    Jackson, C.J.3    Linehan, J.M.4    Brandner, S.5    Wadsworth, J.D.F.6    Collinge, J.7
  • 47
    • 67650078963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of disease related prion protein in anonymous tonsil specimens in Britain: Cross sectional opportunistic survey
    • Clewley JP, Kelly CM, Andrews N, et al., Prevalence of disease related prion protein in anonymous tonsil specimens in Britain: cross sectional opportunistic survey. Br Med J 2009; 338: b1442.
    • (2009) Br Med J , vol.338
    • Clewley, J.P.1    Kelly, C.M.2    Andrews, N.3
  • 49
    • 78349245500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale immunohistochemical examination for lymphoreticular prion protein in tonsil specimens collected in Britain
    • DOI:10.1002/path.2767
    • de Marco MF, Linehan J, Gill ON, et al., Large-scale immunohistochemical examination for lymphoreticular prion protein in tonsil specimens collected in Britain. J Pathol 2010; DOI:10.1002/path.2767.
    • (2010) J Pathol
    • De Marco, M.F.1    Linehan, J.2    Gill, O.N.3
  • 50
    • 37249038697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: Prion protein genotype analysis of positive appendix tissue samples from a retrospective prevalence study
    • Ironside JW, Bishop MT, Connolly K, et al., Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: prion protein genotype analysis of positive appendix tissue samples from a retrospective prevalence study. Br Med J 2006; 2006: 1164-1165.
    • (2006) Br Med J , vol.2006 , pp. 1164-1165
    • Ironside, J.W.1    Bishop, M.T.2    Connolly, K.3
  • 52
    • 36049020231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A general model of prion strains and their pathogenicity
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1138718
    • Collinge J, Clarke A,. A general model of prion strains and their pathogenicity. Science 2007; 318: 930-936. (Pubitemid 350098981)
    • (2007) Science , vol.318 , Issue.5852 , pp. 930-936
    • Collinge, J.1    Clarke, A.R.2
  • 53
    • 0025859996 scopus 로고
    • Genetic predisposition to iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
    • Collinge J, Palmer MS, Dryden AJ,. Genetic predisposition to iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet 1991; 337: 1441-1442.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 1441-1442
    • Collinge, J.1    Palmer, M.S.2    Dryden, A.J.3
  • 54
    • 0025820942 scopus 로고
    • Homozygous prion protein genotype predisposes to sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
    • Palmer MS, Dryden AJ, Hughes JT, et al., Homozygous prion protein genotype predisposes to sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Nature 1991; 352: 340-342. (Pubitemid 21912354)
    • (1991) Nature , vol.352 , Issue.6333 , pp. 340-342
    • Palmer, M.S.1    Dryden, A.J.2    Hughes, J.T.3    Collinge, J.4
  • 56
    • 72249109696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variant CJD in an individual heterozygous for PRNP codon 129
    • Kaski D, Mead S, Hyare H, et al., Variant CJD in an individual heterozygous for PRNP codon 129. Lancet 2009; 374: 2128.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 2128
    • Kaski, D.1    Mead, S.2    Hyare, H.3
  • 59
    • 84934437264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular diagnosis of human prion disease
    • Wadsworth JD, Powell C, Beck J, et al., Molecular diagnosis of human prion disease. Methods Mol Biol 2008; 459: 197-227.
    • (2008) Methods Mol Biol , vol.459 , pp. 197-227
    • Wadsworth, J.D.1    Powell, C.2    Beck, J.3
  • 63
    • 0022868345 scopus 로고
    • Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human brain tissue
    • Brown P, Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC, et al., Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human brain tissue. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 1614-1615. (Pubitemid 17055404)
    • (1986) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.315 , Issue.25 , pp. 1614-1615
    • Brown, P.1    Gibbs Jr., C.J.2    Gajdusek, D.C.3
  • 65
    • 0020032352 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chemicals, heat, and histopathologic processing on high-infectivity hamster-adapted scrapie virus
    • Brown P, Rohwer RG, Green EM, et al., Effect of chemicals, heat, and histopathologic processing on high-infectivity hamster-adapted scrapie virus. J Infect Dis 1982; 145: 683-687. (Pubitemid 12116456)
    • (1982) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.145 , Issue.5 , pp. 683-687
    • Brown, P.1    Rohwer, R.G.2    Green, E.M.3    Gajdusek, D.C.4
  • 66
    • 0025216783 scopus 로고
    • Resistance of scrapie infectivity to steam autoclaving after formaldehyde fixation and limited survival after ashing at 360°C: Practical and theoretical implications
    • Brown P, Liberski PP, Wolff A, et al., Resistance of scrapie infectivity to steam autoclaving after formaldehyde fixation and limited survival after ashing at 360 °C: practical and theoretical implications. J Infect Dis 1990; 161: 467-472. (Pubitemid 20107947)
    • (1990) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.161 , Issue.3 , pp. 467-472
    • Brown, P.1    Liberski, P.P.2    Wolff, A.3    Gajdusek, D.C.4
  • 67
    • 58149386637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bank vole (Myodes glareolus) as a sensitive bioassay for sheep scrapie
    • Di Bari MA, Chianini F, Vaccari G, et al., The bank vole (Myodes glareolus) as a sensitive bioassay for sheep scrapie. J Gen Virol 2008; 89: 2975-2985.
    • (2008) J Gen Virol , vol.89 , pp. 2975-2985
    • Di Bari, M.A.1    Chianini, F.2    Vaccari, G.3
  • 68
    • 70849090446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmissions of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from brain and lymphoreticular tissue show uniform and conserved BSE-related phenotypic properties on primary and secondary passage in wild-type mice
    • Ritchie DL, Boyle A, McConnell I, et al., Transmissions of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from brain and lymphoreticular tissue show uniform and conserved BSE-related phenotypic properties on primary and secondary passage in wild-type mice. J Gen Virol 2009; 90: 3075-3082.
    • (2009) J Gen Virol , vol.90 , pp. 3075-3082
    • Ritchie, D.L.1    Boyle, A.2    McConnell, I.3
  • 69
    • 76749109480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Darwinian evolution of prions in cell culture
    • Li J, Browning S, Mahal SP, et al., Darwinian evolution of prions in cell culture. Science 2010; 327: 869-872.
    • (2010) Science , vol.327 , pp. 869-872
    • Li, J.1    Browning, S.2    Mahal, S.P.3
  • 70
    • 51449104990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No major change in vCJD agent strain after secondary transmission via blood transfusion
    • Bishop MT, Ritchie DL, Will RG, et al., No major change in vCJD agent strain after secondary transmission via blood transfusion. PLoS ONE 2008; 3: e2878.
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3
    • Bishop, M.T.1    Ritchie, D.L.2    Will, R.G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.